卓越质量模型与平衡计分卡的异同及其启示

对于追求业绩改进的企业来说,找到最有效的业绩考评工具是极其重要的,因为业绩考评是持续改进的基础.本文在管理控制系统的四个中心问题--目标、战略与计划、业绩目标设定、奖励机制的基础上,对当今世界上最著名的两种考评工具;欧洲卓越质量模型与平衡计分卡进行了对比,并得出启示:如何将战略业绩框架成功实施于组织中应当成为管理者关注的重点问题;同时,企业应当对两种工具兼收并蓄,各取所长.     

战略评价中的业绩目标体系

战略业绩目标是企业战略目标的具体体现，是战略行动的方向和途径，也是战略业绩评价系统中最核心的部分，它决定了评价系统的内部逻辑结构、评价指标的选择、评价标准的设立以及评价方法的选用，同时也是对战略过程实施控制的依据，是考核战略结果、评价战略是否成功实施的准则。对战略业绩目标的正确表述，必须建立在对战略过程特性的正确认识上．这样业绩目标才能真正成为战略业绩评价系统的核心。     

公司业绩评价的几点浅见

建立企业经营业绩评价系统是协调企业所有者与经营者之间矛盾的重要方法，也是企业内部管理的客观需要。通过业绩评价目标和各层面的指标，企业的发展战略在组织内更明确。便于企业所有者、经营者及企业内部员工的目标与企业的发展战略联系起来，使管理层及员工目标一致。集中精力改进企业的绩效，便于企业对发展战略进行检验、确认和修正。另外。企业业绩评价也是建立经营者激励机制的基础。企业所有者可以借此来指导企业的经营行为。     

高管人员股权激励机制中的业绩考评指标设计

高管人员的风险承受能力以及对待风险的态度，始终是企业高管人员在转移风险时应当慎重考虑的因素，股权激励机制旨在达到激励、风险和决策视野的均衡，在防范道德风险和逆向选择问题的同时，尽可能实现激励效用的最大化，并最终实现企业价值的长期稳定提高。业绩考评指标的设计，应该能够反映出企业的最终经营目标，具有可操作性，指标标准的确定尽量采用可验证的数据。在指标选取上应将收益性指标、现金流量指标、市场性财务指标、非财务指标相结合。本文在以往相关研究的基础上，针对股权激励机制中的业绩考评指标设计问题进行更深入系统的理论规范分析，并且提出一套具有普遍适用性的，能够促使股权激励机制发挥最大效用的业绩考评指标设计方案。     

试论平衡计分卡在水利水电施工企业业绩考评中的应用

平衡计分卡是绩效管理中的一种新方法．它的核心思想就是通过财务、客户、内部流程及学习与发展四个方面的指标之间相互驱动的因果关系展现组织的战略轨迹。作为一种创新性、革命性的业绩考评体系，平衡计分卡能够有效地克服水利水电施工企业业绩考评中存在的问题．从而对该类型企业绩效进行科学合理评价。     

企业战略管理会计研究——业绩目标体系的设立

战略业绩目标是企业战略目标的具体体现，是战略行动的方向和途径，也是战略业绩评价系统中最核心的部分，它决定了评价系统的内部逻辑结构，评价指标的选择，评价标准的设立以及评价方法的选用，同时，也是对战略过程实施控制的依据，是考核战略结果，评价其最后是否成功实施的准则。对战略业绩目标的正确表述必须建立在对战略过程特性的正确认识之上，业绩目标才能真正成为战略业绩评价系统的核心。     

高管人员股权激励机制中的业绩考评指标设计

高管人员的风险承受能力以及对待风险的态度,始终是企业高管人员在转移风险时应当慎重考虑的因素,股权激励机制旨在达到激励、风险和决策视野的均衡,在防范道德风险和逆向选择问题的同时,尽可能实现激励效用的最大化,并最终实现企业价值的长期稳定提高。业绩考评指标的设计,应该能够反映出企业的最终经营目标,具有可操作性,指标标准的确定尽量采用可验证的数据。在指标选取上应将收益性指标、现金流量指标、市场性财务指标、非财务指标相结合。本文在以往相关研究的基础上,针对股权激励机制中的业绩考评指标设计问题进行更深入系统的理论规范分析,并且提出一套具有普遍适用性的,能够促使股权激励机制发挥最大效用的业绩考评指标设计方案。     

浅析企业管理人员考评

管理科学化的关键是工作考评,企业员工的考评从内容上可分成业绩考评与素质考评两大块,对于二者必须先分后合,综合形成被考评者的考评总分。为了使考评的价值取向趋于积极,引导员工成为积极有为的开拓者,企业考评必须侧重于业绩方面的考评。由于业绩考评比较客观、准确，而素质考评比较主观、模糊，因而考评侧重于业绩也有利于提高考评结果的客观、准确性。     

企业战略管理评价指标体系设计

战略管理评价是从战略和价值的角度，对企业经营者的业绩进行评价和引导，以便形成正确的决策，为实现企业的战略目标而努力的管理体系。就具体企业而论，企业战略管理评价体系的复杂完善程度，在很大程度上取决于组织业绩评价的目的。明确业绩评价的目的，是构建评价体系的前提。企业业绩是企业全体员工共同努力的结果，衡量各员工对组织目标的贡献程度，并将评价结果同企业相应的人事决策相连，是组织进行业绩评价的最初也是最原始动因。     

战略业绩目标的设立因素与体系考量

战略业绩目标是企业战略目标的具体体现,是战略行动的方向和途径,也是战略业绩评价系统中最核心的部分,它决定了评价系统的内部逻辑结构、评价指标的选择、评价标准的设立以及评价方法的选用;同时,也是对战略过程实施控制的依据,是考核战略结果,评价其最后是否成功实施的准则。对战略业绩目标的正确表述必须建立在对战略过程特性的正确认识之上,业绩目标才能真正成为战略业绩评价系统的核心。     

A study of MRP benefits and costs

This paper describes benefits and costs of MRP systems based on a large survey of MRP users. These users report they have achieved significant improvements in inventory turnover, delivery performance, and other benefits, and that further improvements are expected when their MRP systems are fully implemented. A series of regression models are also described in the paper which explain why some companies achieve more benefits from MRP than others. The models are not only fitted to the sample data, but they obtain good predictive results on a holdout sample. These models indicate that companies should stress a broad approach to implementation; there is no one overriding factor which guarantees MRP success.     

Improving operational performance by influencing shopfloor behavior via performance management practices

It is generally believed that companies applying performance management practices outperform those that do not measure and manage their performance. Studies examining the link between performance management and performance improvement implicitly assume that performance management affects behavior of individuals in an organization, which then facilitates the achievement of organizational goals. This study takes a step towards understanding this implicit assumption. We investigate how performance management practices relate to improvement in performance by influencing behavior of individuals. We focus on operational performance management, i.e. the definition and use of performance measures on the shopfloor in production and distribution. We use a survey among 102 companies to identify the relations between performance management practices, shopfloor behavior and improvement in performance. We identified three independent clusters of operator behavior that positively correlate with performance improvement: “Understanding”, “Motivation” and “Focus on Improvement”. We show that 17 out of the 20 performance management practices found in literature have a significant and positive relation with one or more clusters of operator behavior. We furthermore found that there is a positive correlation between the number of performance management practices applied and performance improvement, suggesting that it is not only which practices are applied but also how many. Recommendations emerging from this study enable managers to identify which behavioral changes are desired to improve performance and to select those performance management practices that positively influence the desired behavior.     

Measuring the performance of Internet companies using a two-stage data envelopment analysis model

In exploring the business operation of Internet companies, few researchers have used data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate their performance. Since the Internet companies have a two-stage production process: marketability and profitability, this study employs a relational two-stage DEA model to assess the efficiency of the 40 dot com firms. The results show that our model performs better in measuring efficiency, and is able to discriminate the causes of inefficiency, thus helping business management to be more effective through providing more guidance to business performance improvement.     

Achieving purchasing competence through purchasing performance measurement system design—A multiple-case study analysis

Purchasing competence, the level of strategic integration and alignment, is a key determinant of the purchasing function's impact on overall corporate success. Previous research has revealed that the implementation of a mature purchasing performance measurement system (PPMS) can be a means to attain a high level of functional strategic integration. In this research, we develop five propositions on how PPMS should be designed to facilitate strategic integration. We challenge these propositions using data gathered from four case studies with German companies from different industrial sectors. While each of these companies pursues multiple strategic objectives within Purchasing, the PPMSs designs focus heavily on cost-related strategy and performance dimensions. Thus, our findings indicate the need to develop PPMS schemes allowing a direct linkage between financial performance and non-financial performance measures in order to incentivize the desired multiple strategic goals beyond periodical cost reduction. Moreover, such measurement systems need to be adapted at the category level of purchasing practices to obtain the desired level of pre-defined strategic performance dimensions. Hence, the level of purchasing competence is determined at category level and a PPMS must transform strategy into measurable goals at this level.     

Doing good or choosing well? Corporate reputation,CEO reputation,and corporate financial performance

Using data from Taiwan’s top 150 listed companies over the period 2003 to 2014, our study explores the influence of CEO reputation and corporate reputation on the financial performance of companies. The analysis focuses especially on the interaction between CEO reputation and corporate reputation to identify which dimension of reputation is more relevant to firm performance. We show that, though both corporate reputation and CEO reputation have an individual impact that benefits the financial performance of the company, the impact of CEO reputation is more persistent across different time periods and more comprehensive across different industries. Furthermore, we find that CEO reputation still has a positive impact on firm performance when corporate reputation is poor, indicating that CEO reputation is more important to firm performance. To pursue better financial performance, should a company make greater effort to build a good corporate reputation, or merely recruit a CEO with a good reputation? Our suggestion here is simple: “choosing well” is better than “doing good.”     

上市传媒公司经营绩效及资本运营实证分析

在激烈的传媒竞争环境下,资本运营受到传媒企业的重视。根据对部分中国传媒上市公司经营绩效实证考察,提出中国传媒企业资本运营应在以下三方面深化认识:市场机制的充分遵循、规模扩张与融合、提高资本效益与产业结构调整。     

房地产上市公司多元化战略对绩效影响研究

我国房地产行业的竞争日趋激烈,越来越多的房地产企业选择实施多元化战略促进企业经营发展,但我国房地产企业多元化程度与公司绩效的关系仍存在争议.以我国90家房地产上市公司为样本,通过多元回归模型分析企业多元化程度与绩效的关系以及企业历年多元化类型与绩效的关系.研究发现企业多元化短期内与绩效呈显著负相关,但是随着时间的增长多...     

我国企业业绩评价体系的现实选择

本文首先阐述了企业业绩评价的理论依据,回顾了其历史演进过程;并在对主要业绩评价模式分析的基础上,提出我国企业目前仍应以财务评价模式为主体,但应引入现金流量评价指标予以补充和完善,从而真正为投资者发现盈余操纵起到有效的预警作用。     

Corporate environmental performance evaluation: a measurement model and a new concept

While many third‐party organizations are practically evaluating corporate environmental performance (CEP), few academic studies have paid attention to third‐party environmental performance evaluation (EPE). To answer the question of what should be measured for third‐party EPE, we develop an environmental performance measurement (EPM) model consisting of environmental management performance (EMP) and environmental operational performance (EOP), and hypothesize that EMP be measured by four management performance indicators (MPIs: organizational system, stakeholder relations, operational countermeasures and environmental tracking) and EOP be measured by two operational performance indicators (OPIs: inputs and outputs). Further, to answer the question of how to enable third‐party EPE comparable across companies from different (sub‐)sectors, we propose to use the environmental intensity change index (EICI) as a measure of OPIs. Empirical tests confirm that the EICI and the evaluation based on it are comparable across companies from different sub‐sectors. Empirical tests also support the existence of the MPIs and OPIs and the two‐dimensioned constructs of CEP. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Integrating Strategic Carbon Management into Formal Evaluation of Environmental Supplier Development Programs

Increasing global environmental pressures from regulators, markets and communities have caused focal companies in supply chains to recognize the significance of environmentally conscious management. Greener supply chains are part of this recognition. Environmental supplier development is a valuable and viable strategy for greening supply chains. However, low carbon management is rarely explored in supplier development. Further, formal tools and models for focal companies to evaluate environmental supplier development programs (ESDPs) considering low carbon management and their effect on supplier performance improvement are limited. To help address these gaps in the literature, this paper proposes a portfolio evaluation model for ESDPs that consider three types of supplier performance: traditional operational factors, traditional environmental factors and low carbon management factors. This model applies the fuzzy scoring method to measure the effect of ESDPs on supplier performance, and uses fuzzy DEMATEL to examine the cause–effect interrelationships among the ESDPs. Subsequently, a real world example is used to demonstrate the application of the portfolio model and provide insights into environmental supplier development evaluation, followed by discussions of case application results. This paper concludes with directions for further research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment