高价阳离子与矿化度之间的协同效应实验研究

采用天然岩心的动态模拟试验,系统地分析了油气田开发过程中水敏性地层的矿化度和酸碱度对黏土矿物膨胀、分散和运移的影响;研究了由此引起的地层孔隙堵塞规律中高价阳离子浓度与矿化度之间的关系,得到了一些十分重要的新认识,为进一步研究黏土矿物膨胀、分散、运移微观动力学机理提供了重要依据.     

酸碱度对黏土矿物膨胀分散的影响规律

采用天然岩心的动态模拟试验，系统地研究了水敏性地层油气田开发过程中酸碱度对黏土矿物的膨胀、分散和运移及由此引起地层孔隙堵基规律的综合效应。得到了一些十分重要的新认识。为进一步研究黏土矿物膨胀、分散、运移微观动力学机制提供了重要依据。     

高升油田热采区块蒸汽吞吐井粘土防膨技术研究

高升油田热采区块蒸汽吞吐井粘土矿物发生溶解和转变,造成水化膨胀和分散运移而堵塞原油和注汽通道,导致注汽井注汽压力高,吞吐效果差。针对上述问题,开展了蒸汽吞吐对粘土伤害机理和粘土矿物对储层伤害机理的研究,并通过实验室合成一种新型的高温防膨剂,该药剂具有耐温能力高、抗冲刷能力强的优点,通过对新配方的耐高温性、耐冲刷性、岩心保留率等性能进行了综合评价,优化了注入参数。结果表明,新型粘土稳定剂耐温性能达能到340℃,在使用浓度为1.5%时,防膨率大于80%,岩心保留率大于85%,能够满足现场应用要求,最佳注入浓度1.5%,最佳注入量0.5PV。     

对胶束溶液体系乳化驱油效果影响因素的研究

不同储层中,黏土矿物微粒运移和水化膨胀都会改变储层的渗流能力,其作用机理的影响程度存在差异。为此本文从地层条件的角度出发,分别从岩石物性、岩心流体以及驱替条件三个方面定量对地层条件进行模拟研究,找出适合胶束溶液驱油体系作用的地层条件。     

粘土矿物分析在油田开发中的作用

砂岩储层内部的粘土矿物是一种非常重要的组成物质,笔者接下来主要通过对粘土矿物的晶体结构进行分析,讲解其自身的结构特点和对储层特征存在的潜在影响,由储层变化、增加产量等角度入手,研究粘土矿物对油田开发产生的影响,并且对其进行了详细的分析,希望能为各地的油田油藏的开发提供一定的借鉴意义。     

姬塬油田储层伤害特征评价及解决对策探讨

基于姬塬油田延长组油井压裂投产的特点,从地质特征分析入手,对可能造成储层伤害的潜在风险进行了分析。研究结果表明:姬塬油田延长组储层粘土矿物含量高、孔喉细微是主要的潜在伤害因素,注入水与地层水、储层岩石不配伍形成有机垢加剧了储层伤害,压裂改造过程中压裂液滤失滞留、水不溶物、破胶残渣对储层造成不同程度的伤害。根据不同的伤害机理分析探讨了解决对策,现场应用了酸化、前置酸压裂、酸蚀多缝体积压裂及高黏强溶蚀酸转向酸化4种工艺,整体改造取得了较好的增油效果,对姬塬油田提高稳产水平和开发效益具有重要意义。     

KCL-硅酸盐欠平衡钻井液技术研究及应用

伊舒地堑岔路河断陷梁家构造带主要储层为双阳组,上部该地区永吉组、奢岭组和双阳组地层泥岩中粘土矿物以伊利石为主。     

水基钻井液储层保护技术研究进展

钻井液储层保护性能对后续油气资源产能的影响至关重要。文章综述了储层伤害的主要类型以及储层保护钻井液的关键功能,钻井液对储层的主要伤害分为固相污染、聚合物的吸附堵塞、储层黏土易发生水化膨胀,并可能因钻井液中的成分而分散或运移,以及钻井液滤液与地层水配伍性伤害。储层保护钻井液大致分为强封堵低滤失钻井液、强抑制低伤害水基钻井液、低固相/无固相聚合物钻井液体系以及在无固相聚合物钻井液体系上发展的可生物降解的无固相钻井液,在现场应用中取得了较好的储层保护效果,为现场储层保护提供了技术支持。     

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气运移特征及成藏过程分析

鄂尔多斯盆地是一个大型叠合盆地，位于华北地台西缘。本文运用动态分析、综合研究方法等，从鄂尔多斯盆地的构造、砂泥岩压实特征、烃源岩演化、成藏过程等多方面进行研究，对上古生界天然气的运移特征和成藏过程进行分析。研究表明，在晚三叠期上古生界砂岩发生了致密化。天然气的连续运移主要需要临界气柱高度，而不均匀分布的高压泥质岩阻隔，为垂向运移聚集成藏提供了便利条件。对于成藏过程分析，发现是气体推动水体整体向高处的构造方位运移。     

东海西湖凹陷区块井壁稳定认识及实践应用

东海西湖凹陷区块井壁失稳极易造成钻井遇阻、卡钻、井漏等情况,严重影响钻井安全和钻井时效。对区块的井壁稳定进行了研究和原因分析,研究发现该区块的井壁失稳主要为泥岩水化分散失稳、砂、泥岩互层失稳、煤层失稳。根据不同的失稳机理,提出了相应的技术措施,并进行了现场尝试和不断的改进。从应用效果来看,反渗透钻井液体系能够阻止地层中泥质物水化分散,减少进入地层的自由水量,效果良好,值得开展更多的尝试。     

粘土矿物的现代测试方法

目前粘土在铸造生产中获得了广泛应用 ,为此 ,分析了两种主要粘土矿物结构特点 ,提出了粘土矿物的几种现代测试方法。     

弹性动力时程分析中地震波的选取方法研究

对建筑结构进行弹性动力时程分析时,为了既能让设计人员易于操作,又能在地震波选取方面不失合理性,根据上海市某超限高层结构设计实例的弹性动力时程分析结果,探讨了具有实际工程意义的选波方法。研究表明,无论是基底剪力还是基底弯矩,地震波三向输入的结构响应均比单向输入的结构响应小。采用小样本容量的地震波输入时,人工波输入数量的增加对降低地震波的总体离散性有显著作用。     

颜料分散性对UV柔印油墨印刷适性的影响

UV柔印油墨由颜料、预聚物、活性单体、光引发剂及各种助剂组成,颜料颗粒的分散性对UV柔印油墨的各种性能有着重要影响。为了考察颜料分散性对UV柔印油墨印刷适性的影响,设计了UV柔印油墨配方,通过改变分散条件,制备了具有不同分散状态的油墨样品。并测试了油墨样品的黏度、粒径分布、固化速率,样张的实地密度、网点增大值及光泽度等。研究结果表明,颜料分散性对油墨的各种印刷适性均有一定的影响。     

电缆地层测试在渤海油田的应用研究

作为油气层快速评价的有效手段,电缆地层测试技术在我国油气田勘探开发中起着越来越重要的作用,为正确认识储层特征、流体性质和油气藏类型提供可靠依据,因此电缆地层测试的应用研究具有重要意义。以渤海油田大量的电缆地层测试资料为基础,对电缆地层测试的测前设计、现场作业质量控制及应用效果进行了系统总结研究,以推动电缆地层测试技术在国内的发展。     

Network location and learning: the influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation

This paper presents a dynamic, firm‐level study of the role of network resources in determining alliance formation. Such resources inhere not so much within the firm but reside in the interfirm networks in which firms are placed. Data from extensive fieldwork show that by influencing the extent to which firms have access to information about potential partners, such resources are an important catalyst for new alliances, especially because alliances entail considerable hazards. This study also assesses the importance of firms’ capabilities with alliance formation and material resources as determinants of their alliance decisions. I test this dynamic framework and its hypotheses about the role of time‐varying network resources and firm capabilities with comprehensive longitudinal multi‐industry data on the formation of strategic alliances by a panel of firms between 1970 and 1989. The results confirm field observations that accumulated network resources arising from firm participation in the network of accumulated prior alliances are influential in firms’ decisions to enter into new alliances. This study highlights the importance of network resources that firms derive from their embeddedness in networks for explaining their strategic behavior. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网络组织及其惯例的形成--基于演化论的视角

本文基于演化理论，构建了一个关于网络组织形成的动态模型。利用演化博弈论研究了网络组织内成员间关系和作用机制的形成过程。认为网络组织的形成是搜寻正收益的理性个体进行自发博弈的结果．基于网络组织成员之间反复行为的历史信息的反馈，形成了网络组织层面上的惯例机制，该惯例机制表现为一种运作机制和惯性作用，维持网络组织处于某一状态。     

Managing the Unexpected Across Space: Improvisation,Dispersion, and Performance in NPD Teams

Organizations are increasingly moving toward a team‐based structure for managing complex knowledge in new product development (NPD) projects. Such teams operate in an environment characterized by dynamic project requirements and emergent nonroutine issues, which can undermine their ability to achieve project objectives. Team improvisation—a collective, spontaneous, and creative action for identifying novel solutions to emergent problems—has been identified as a key team‐situated response to unexpected challenges to NPD team effectiveness. Geographic dispersion is increasingly becoming a reality for NPD teams that find themselves needing to improvise solutions to emergent challenges while attempting to leverage the knowledge of team members who are physically distributed across various locations. However, very little is known about how teams' improvisational actions affect performance when such actions are executed in increasingly dispersed teams. To address this gap in the literature, this paper draws on the emerging literature on different forms and degrees of team dispersion to understand how team improvisation affects team performance in such teams. In particular this paper takes into account both the structural and psychological facets of dispersion by considering the physical distance between team members, the configuration of the team across different sites, as well as the team members' perception of being distant from their teammates. Responses from 299 team leaders and team members of 71 NPD projects in the software industry were used to analyze the relationship between team improvisation and team performance, as well as the moderating effect of the three different conceptualizations of team dispersion. Results of the study indicate that team improvisation has a positive influence on project team performance by allowing team members to respond to unexpected challenges through creative and timely action. However, increasing degrees of team member dispersion (both structural and psychological) attenuate this relationship by making it difficult to have timely access to other team members' knowledge and by limiting real‐time interactions that may lead to the development of creative solutions. The results of this research offer guidance to managers about when to balance the desire to leverage expertise to cope with unexpected events. Moreover, the present paper provides directions for future research on improvisation and team dispersion. Future research is encouraged to investigate factors that may help highly dispersed teams to overcome the shortcomings of team dispersion in dealing with emergent events.     

需求诱导、技术独立与产业环境——中国短信产业透视

本文通过观察和对比中外短信产业的发展,认为短信产业成长中的技术创新不是外生决定的,而是对价格和市场需求的动态反应,中国的短信与通话价格之间的较大差异、中国巨大的人口基数所产生快速网络效应,强有力的“用中学”效应和向快速增长的短信业务靠拢的相关产业技术创新现象等都是中国短信产业发展的重要原因;产业领先和快速发展是实现技术独立发展不可忽视的重要条件,产业环境与技术独立发展也可以促进产业快速发展,它们构成一个相互支撑的动态发展体系。