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1.
The Ontario Farm Business Management Association (FBMA) program was initiated to improve the business management skills of Ontario red meat producers. The program has three aims: - •
to increase management skills on the farm - •
to increase management skills in the private sector - •
to help farmers make use of private sector advice.
Two methods were used to evaluate the program. First, FBMA members and other red meat producers were surveyed about their farm and personal characteristics as well as use farm records and information sources. Second, focus groups were held with the FBMA field persons. Results indicate that membership in an FBMA increased the collection and use of farm records, but that there was no significant increase in the use of private sector consultants by the producers. Moreover, FBMA members indicated a very low willingness to pay to support their FBMA if government funding were stopped. 相似文献
2.
A simple two-country trading model is used to compare three methods of estimating export demand: ordinary least squares, two stage least squares, and two stage least squares applied to importer domestic equations (from which were derived excess demand). The performance of the estimators depends primarily on relative error variances around excess supply and demand. While there are situations where ordinary least squares performs well, it often gives very poor estimates. The third method is superior in the general case. On utilise un modèle classique d'analyse du commerce extérieur entre deux pays afin de comparer trois méthodes d'estimation de la demande pour l'exportalion. Ces méthodes utilisées pour quantifier la demande excédemaire correspondent respectivement à: - 1.
un simple modèle line'aire - 2.
un modèle général àéquations multiples - 3.
un modèle àéquations multiples s'appliquant uniquement aux fonctions d'offres et de demandes du pays importateur
Le rendement des coefficients estimés dépend, en majeure partie, de la variation relative de l'erreur associée aux offres et demandes excédentaires. En particulier, le simple modèle linéaire ne permet pas, sauf exception, d'estimer correctement les coefficients. Dans le cas général, la troisième méthode donne lieu à de meilleures estimations des coefficients. 相似文献
3.
In summary, the Crowsnest rates were agreed upon by the CPR in return for access to the Kootenay district of British Columbia. The cash subsidy involved was in the neighborhood of $3.4 million. The rates were fixed in perpetuity; thus could only be changed by Parliament if deemed in the public interest. The original agreement has been modified once to date in the name of public interest. Despite the polarization of public opinion on the Crowsnest rates, the effect of freight rate changes is not well documented 16 and, owing to a lack of objective evidence, the debate remains inconclusive. Obviously there is a need for more empirical work in this area. The principle of the Crowsnest Rate is with little doubt extremely important to Western Canada; however, the application of the subsidy and the method of payment may not be in the West's best interest. Thus, given the premise that the rates may be changed if they are not in the public interest, we propose, at a minimum, the examination of three research questions: - i.
the economic consequences of adjustment, readministration or removal of the rates on regional development - ii.
the political consequences of tampering with a regional subsidy including income redistribution and just compensation, and - iii.
The effective control of all rail rates at competitive levels in the future particularly in regions where effective competition is questionable and the performance possibilities of public versus the private provision of transport services under selected circumstances. These issues we suggest need to be addressed individually and in depth, so that society can begin to weigh their impact on the future economic development of Western Canada.
相似文献
4.
Information needs have rapidly evolved in agricultural markets but little is known about how information is transmitted to agricultural producers. Producers must collect information to better manage their production, marketing and financial decisions. Using survey data obtained from a questionnaire distributed to lowbush blueberry producers in eastern Canada, we analyze how producers' individual characteristics impact their demand for different information services. Minimum distance estimation of the structural ordered probit equations indicates that:
5.
One of the trade policy issues identified by U.S. interests, including grower groups, traders and policy makers, is price transparency. This has been a point of contention between the United States and Canada as well as other exporting countries with state trading enterprises (STEs). The transparency problem generally refers to the inability to observe terms of trade (including price, quality, credit, etc.)offered by STEs, and the potential strategic advantage this provides in bidding competition. A game theory model of import tendering is developed in this paper to examine the effects of information asymmetry among rivals. Several stylized examples are used to illustrate aspects of competition and to analyze effects on bidding strategies. Results indicate that:
6.
This paper reports on a study of consumers' preferences for regulatory policies that relate to food biotechnology. Data on consumers' choices of selected policy options were collected through a telephone survey of Alberta residents conducted in early 2000. Conditional and mixed logit models were developed and tested. These assess the influence of different socio-economic factors on respondents' choices of particular policy options and are used to estimate respondents' willingness to pay for two policy options that were the major focus of the study, specifically:
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