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1.
Corporate Philanthropic Disaster Response and Ownership Type: Evidence
from Chinese Firms’ Response
to the Sichuan Earthquake 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This article examines whether the charitable giving amount and likelihood of firm response to catastrophic events relate to
firms’ ownership type using a unique dataset of listed firms in China, where state ownership is still prevalent. Based on
the data of Chinese firms’ response to the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, we find that the extent of corporate contributions for
state-owned firms following this disaster is less than that for private firms. State-owned firms are also less likely to respond
in␣this disaster compared to private firms. The results also␣reveal that firm size, profitability, geography, cash resource
available, and leverage affect firms’ philanthropic disaster response behavior in China. 相似文献
2.
The Internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Firms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper contributes to the existing research by integrating the notions of organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation into the body of international entrepreneurship. Our primary framework combines learning theory and the new venture theory of internationalization to study the extent to which small and medium-sized companies engage in international activities. We found that the firms’ international learning effort and entrepreneurial orientation are positively associated with internationalization intent whereas domestic learning effort is negatively related with internationalization intent. Overall, our results suggest (1) that intensive knowledge renewal and exploitation regarding foreign markets and the internationalization process itself may increase internationalization by affecting the perceptions of opportunities offered by further international expansion, and (2) that firms with an entrepreneurial mindset may be more likely to develop a long-term, substantial presence in the international arena, compared to firms that are more reactive or conservative. 相似文献
3.
Relatively little research has examined the effects of ownership on the firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR). In addition,
most of it has been conducted in the Western context such as the U.S. and Europe. Using a sample of 118 large Korean firms,
we hypothesize that different types of shareholders will have distinct motivations toward the firm’s CSR engagement. We break
down ownership into different groups of shareholders: institutional, managerial, and foreign ownerships. Results indicate
a significant, positive relationship between CSR ratings and ownership by institutions and foreign investors. In contrast,
shareholding by top managers is negatively associated with firm’s CSR rating while outside director ownership is not significant.
We conclude that different owners have differential impacts on the firm’s CSR engagement. 相似文献
4.
In recent years, firms have greatly increased the amount of resources allocated to activities classified as Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR). While an increase in CSR expenditure may be consistent with firm value maximization if it is a response
to changes in stakeholders’ preferences, we argue that a firm’s insiders (managers and large blockholders) may seek to over- invest
in CSR for their private benefit to the extent that doing so improves their reputations as good global citizens and has a
“warm-glow” effect. We test this hypothesis by investigating the relation between firms’ CSR ratings and their ownership and
capital structures. Employing a unique data set that categorizes the largest 3000 U.S. corporations as either socially responsible
(SR) or socially irresponsible (SI), we find that on average, insiders’ ownership and leverage are negatively related to the
firm’s social rating, while institutional ownership is uncorrelated with it. Assuming that higher CSR ratings is associated
with higher CSR expenditure level, these results support our hypothesis that insiders induce firms to over-invest in CSR when
they bear little of the cost of doing so. 相似文献
5.
Elena Fraj-Andrés Eva Martinez-Salinas Jorge Matute-Vallejo 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,88(2):263-286
Since it implies a reduction in the quality and the quantity of the natural resources, environmental degradation is a present
day problem that requires immediate solutions. This situation is driving firms to undertake an environmental transformation
process with the purpose of reducing the negative externalities that come from their economic activities. Within this context,
environmental marketing is an emerging business philosophy by which organizations can address sustainability issues. Moreover,
environmental marketing and orientation are seen as valuable strategies to improve a firm’s competitiveness. However, the
literature that has analyzed the link between environmental strategies and firms’ results has been inconclusive and contradictory.
In this study, we propose and test a model that analyses how the implementation of ecological issues within a firm’s marketing
strategy and orientation influences organizational results. Data were obtained through a survey sent to Spanish manufacturing
firms. The results show that environmental marketing positively affects firms’ operational and commercial performance and
this improvement will influence their economic results. Moreover, environmental marketing is revealed as an excellent strategy
to obtain competitive advantages in costs and in product differentiation. Thus, this study agrees with the researchers who
affirm that environmental strategies positively affect firm’s competitiveness while reducing environmental impact. 相似文献
6.
This work uses a case-based research approach and Siggelkow’s (Acad Manag J 47:125–159, 2002) four-phase organizational configuration model to analyze Zildjian’s evolutionary growth and entrepreneurial initiatives
in the global music industry. Zildjian is a unique and well-respected cymbal manufacturer that originated out of Turkey in
1623 and continues to be a major force in the music instruments sector. Turkey was a growing market during the periods of
1700 and 1800 that helped Zildjian to become an increasingly successful company. This also led to creating 13 generations
of a successful family business. The work discusses Zildjian’s 387-year family genealogy and its growth within the domains
of entrepreneurship, organizational configurations, and strategic inertia. The work finds that behind Zildjian’s marvelous
expansion and well-known cymbals, there is a tightly knit family firm that continues to operate like an entrepreneurial venture,
dealing with thousands of artists, musicians, educators, orchestras, and bands worldwide. As of 2011, the company may not
be a large multinational corporation but its business model is a classic addition to the international entrepreneurship literature.
Staunchly traditional in its family business, Zildjian thrives as a privately held company and protects its closely guarded
metallurgical formula. The significance of this work lies in its unique methodology within the evolution of Zildjian’s entrepreneurial
growth and organizational configurations. 相似文献
7.
Stern Neill 《Marketing Letters》2010,21(2):135-147
There is limited evidence to explain the effect of organizational memory on marketing implementation. This paper addresses
this gap by identifying multiple components of organizational memory and examining how each affects marketing implementation.
Organizational memory is a collective recollection of the past that is embedded within firm culture, procedures, and expertise.
The findings demonstrate potential tradeoffs to linking versus locking into the firm’s past, particularly in turbulent environments.
By decomposing organizational memory’s effects, this paper explains how organizational memory can both enable and constrain
marketing implementation. 相似文献
8.
Prior research suggests that ownership structure is associated to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developed countries.
This article examines whether and how ownership structure affects CSR in emerging markets using Chinese firms’ social responsibility
ranking. Our empirical evidences show that for non-state-owned firms, corporate ownership dispersion is positively associated
to CSR. However, for state-owned firms, whose controlling shareholder is the state, this relation is reversed. We attribute
the reversed relationship to political interferences and further test this hypothesis by demonstrating that regional economic
development is negatively related to CSR for state-owned firms due to decreased political interference in more developed areas.
This study is the first to directly examine the relationship between the dispersion of corporate ownership and CSR in emerging
markets, and our results depict that it is important to consider ownership type in assessing CSR in emerging market where
state ownership is still prevalent such as China. The results also reveal that firm size, profitability, employee power, leverage,
and growth opportunity affect CSR in China. 相似文献
9.
This article studies how financial investors respond to firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance in terms
of their investing behaviors, and how such behaviors change contingent on an event that provokes their attention and concerns
to CSR. Using the melamine contamination incident in China as a natural experiment, it is found that neither the individual
investors’ nor the institutional investors’ behaviors are influenced by firms’ CSR performance before the incident. Nevertheless,
in the post-event period, institutional investors’ behaviors are significantly influenced by firms’ CSR performance that exceeds
a certain threshold. Furthermore, such an effect diminishes for a better CSR performance. In comparison, the authors do not
find any effects of CSR performance on individual investors, either before the event or after the event. Finally, firms’ performance
and investors’ behaviors jointly affect firms’ stock returns after the event but not before the event. This article reconciles
the mixed findings in the literature on the effect of firms’ CSR performance on their financial performance by showing that
such an effect exists in a contingent manner. Furthermore, the authors show that a too low or a too high CSR performance could
lead to undesirable responses from investors. Therefore, managers should pay attention to optimizing firms’ CSR activities. 相似文献
10.
Zhaojun Gao 《Frontiers of Business Research in China》2013,7(1):59
This paper investigates mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the context of firm ownership restructuring in China, via several theoretical lenses including organizational learning and population ecology theories. It highlights the effect of organizational learning on the choice of M&A in ownership restructuring, based on the assumption that the choice might be favored by poor-performing firms. By employing a hierarchical linear regression model, this article examines the cross-level moderating effects of the density of ownership restructuring patterns on the performance-M&A relationship. Several key findings have been revealed. At the individual firm level, performance is negatively related to its choice of M&A. The ownership restructuring pattern that firms adopted is positively associated with its choice of M&A. Moreover, at the industry level, the density of patterns in an industry positively moderates the performance-M&A relationship. 相似文献
11.
This article examines whether (1) government intervention causes bribery (or corruption) as rent-seeking theory suggested;
(2) a firm’s perceived benefit partially mediates the relationship between government intervention and its bribing behavior,
as rational choice/behavior theory suggested; and (3) other firms’ bribing behavior moderates the relationship between government
intervention and a firm’s perceived benefit. Our study shows that government intervention causes bribery/corruption indeed,
but it exerts its effect on bribery/corruption through the firm’s perceived benefit. In other words, a firm’s perceived benefit
fully mediates the relationship between government intervention and its bribing behavior. We also find that other firms’ bribery
positively moderates the relationship between government intervention and a given firm’s bribery. This study partly proves
that firms are rational actors. Potential benefit encourages them to practice bribery. Besides, this research also supports
the rent-seeking view of bribery/corruption, which argues that government intervention is a source of bribery/corruption.
However, we have also identified that only those government interventions that will create “rent” can cause bribery/corruption. 相似文献
12.
Min-Dong Paul Lee 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,102(2):281-298
This article introduces a theoretical framework that combines institutional and stakeholder theories to explain how firms
choose their corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy. Organizational researchers have identified several distinct CSR
strategies (e.g., obstructionist, defensive, accommodative, and proactive), but did not explain the sources of divergence.
This article argues that the divergence comes from the variability in the configuration of external influences that consists
of institutional and stakeholder pressures. While institutions affect firms’ social behavior by shaping the macro-level incentive
structure and sources of legitimacy (distal mechanisms), firms’ stakeholders can amplify or buffer the institutional forces
by acting as mediators (proximate mechanisms). The two dimensions are interdependent in that stakeholders draw legitimacy
and power from institutions, and institutions are often actualized through stakeholder mechanisms. Together, they form a particular
configuration of external influences that shapes how focal firms construct their CSR strategy. 相似文献
13.
Determinants of Managerial Values on Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article empirically investigates how Chinese executives and managers perceive and interpret corporate social responsibility
(CSR), to what extent firms’ productive characteristics influence managers’ attitudes towards their CSR rating, and whether
their values in favour of CSR are positively correlated to firms’ economic performance. Although a large proportion of respondents
express a favourable view of CSR and a willingness to participate in socially responsible activities, we find that the true
nature of their assertion is linked to entrepreneurs’ instincts of gaining economic benefits. It is the poorly performing
firms, or rather, firms with vulnerable indicators – smaller in size, State-owned, producing traditional goods and located
in poorer regions that are more likely to have managers who opt for a higher CSR rating. Managers’ personal characteristics
per se are not significant in determining their CSR choice. Moreover, controlling for other observed variables, we find that managers’
CSR orientation is positively correlated with their firms’ performance. The better-off a firm is, the more likely its manager
is to get involve in CSR activities. Firms with better economic performance before their restructuring would sustain higher
post-restructuring performance. 相似文献
14.
Ting Wu Jingfeng Uen Suling Wu Tzujung Chang 《Frontiers of Business Research in China》2011,5(1):79-95
This study examines the relationship among family supportive culture, organizational attachment, and work-life segmentation
in high-tech service industry in Taiwan, China. Using survey data from 369 professionals, this study shows that family supportive
culture has significant influence on organizational attachment, namely, affective commitment. Results indicate that individuals’
work-life segmentation has a significant negative effect on organizational attachment. Meanwhile, our results further apply
employees’ segmentation between work and life as a moderator to investigating the impact of individual’s perceptions of family
supportive culture and values on a sense of attachment toward organizations. The result illustrates that work-life segmentation
does not moderate the relationship between supportive family culture and employees’ organizational attachment. Findings from
this research provide insights into the influence of organizational family supportive culture and how it may further encourage
employees’ organizational attachment in high-tech industry in Taiwan. 相似文献
15.
Wenyi Chu 《Small Business Economics》2009,33(3):353-373
The relationship between family ownership and firm performance has gained increased attention in the business strategy and
financial economics literature. Most existing studies use large companies as the research sample; studies that explicitly
investigate the influence of family ownership on the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) remain sparse.
This study raises this issue explicitly by investigating the influence of founding-family ownership on the return on assets
and Tobin’s q of 341 public SMEs in Taiwan, during the period of 2002–2006. It emerges from the data that family ownership is prevalent
and substantial in Taiwan, representing half of the public SMEs and accounting for more than 11 percent of their outstanding
equity. It was found that the influence of family ownership on SME performance is positive and significant. Overall, the results
suggest that family ownership is an effective organizational structure for SMEs in Taiwan. 相似文献
16.
Positive Group Context,Work Attitudes,and Organizational Misbehavior: The Case of Withholding Job Effort 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Considering the organization’s ethical context as a framework to investigate workplace phenomena, this field study of military
reserve personnel examines the relationships among perceptions of psychosocial group variables, such as cohesiveness, helping
behavior and peer leadership, employee job attitudes, and the likelihood of individuals’ withholding on-the-job effort, a
form of organizational misbehavior. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 290 individuals using structural equation modeling,
and support for negative relationships between perceptions of positive group context and withholding effort by individual
employees was found. In addition, individual effort-performance expectancy and individual job satisfaction were negatively
related to withholding effort. The findings provide evidence that individual perceptions of positive group context play a
key role in the presence of misbehavior at work. The results indicate that positive group context might be an important element
of ethical climate that should be managed to temper occurrence of such adverse work behavior.
Roland E. Kidwell (PhD, Louisiana State University) is an associate professor in the Management and Marketing Department in
the College of Business at the University of Wyoming. His major research and teaching interests focus on new ventures and
economic development, family business, social entrepreneurship, business ethics, and workplace deviance. His research has
been published in academic journals such as the Academy of Management Review, Journal of Management, Journal of Business Venturing, International Entrepreneurship and Management
Journal, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy and Journal of Business Ethics. He is co-editor of the book, Managing Organizational Deviance (Sage, 2005).
Sean R. Valentine (DBA, Louisiana Tech University) is Professor of Management in the Department of Management, College of
Business and Public Administration at the University of North Dakota. His research and teaching interests include business
ethics, human resource management, and organizational culture. His work has appeared in journals such as Human Relations, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, Journal of Business Research, Behavioral Research in Accounting
and Journal of Business Ethics. 相似文献
17.
This paper studies the dynamics of the export behaviour of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the U.K. between 1994
and 1998. I use a dynamic empirical model to disentangle three distinct dimensions of a firms’ participation in foreign markets:
sunk cost induced hysteresis, firm heterogeneity and macroeconomic instability. The results show that SMEs view exporting
as an irreversible investment, with state dependence being the largest explanatory factor. Moreover, observable firm characteristics,
such as size and ownership, play a significant role in distinguishing exporters from non-exporters. Finally, there is no evidence
that the 1992–1993 recession influenced firms’ export decisions in subsequent years implying that the results provide a valid
indication of SMEs "typical" export behaviour. 相似文献
18.
中国企业的学习型组织文化:基于人口统计变量、企业属性、工作满意度和组织绩效的实证分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
By using a Western concept—the instrument called dimensions of learning organization questionnaire (DLOQ), and the data collected
from 919 employees in nine companies located in Guangdong Province, China, the present empirical study explores the culture
of learning organizations in Chinese business settings. Findings suggest that the DLOQ is applicable to the context of China
as well, and those demographic variables, such as age and educational level, together with the types of ownership of Chinese
companies, such as state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and privately-owned enterprises (POEs), suggest differences in the culture
of learning organizations. Results also indicate that the learning organization culture of a firm has strongly positive impact
on employees’ job satisfaction and perceived organizational performance. Two implications should be noted. First, as employees
in middle age and with college education show the strongest sense of improving the learning culture, it can be inferred that
demographic characters and groups may influence the organization’s learning culture differently. Second, as POEs have a better
learning atmosphere than SOEs, it can be inferred that POEs have a stronger competitiveness than SOEs in terms of learning
ability and organizational performance. To indigenize the Western construct and instrument of learning organizations, the
present study, as an exploratory research, gives substantial knowledge on the subject and seeks to fill the gap in the literature,
despite the limitations of cultural nuances and a narrowly-concentrated sample. 相似文献
19.
20.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has emerged as an effective way for firms to create favorable attitudes among consumers.
Although prior research has addressed the direct influence of proactive and reactive CSR on consumer responses, this research
hypothesized that consumers’ perceived organizational motives (i.e., attributions) will mediate this relationship. It was
also hypothesized that the source of information and location of CSR initiative will affect the motives consumers assign to
a firms’ engagement in the initiative. Two experiments were conducted to test these hypotheses. The results of Study 1 indicate
that the nature of a CSR initiative influences consumer attribution effects and that these attributions act as mediators in
helping to explain consumers’ responses to CSR. Study 2 suggests that the source of the CSR message moderates the effect of
CSR on consumer attributions. The mediating influence of the attributions as well as the importance of information source
suggests that proper communication of CSR can be a viable way to inculcate positive corporate associations and purchase intentions. 相似文献