论海峡西岸推进碳金融的路径选择

低碳经济是全球保护环境、实现可持续发展的必然趋势。碳金融是发展低碳经济的关键。福建省具备良好的金融资源和优质的生态资源,积极发展碳金融对福建省低碳经济发展起到重要作用,然而由于刚刚起步,许多问题和困难同时存在。因此,探寻碳金融发展路径,是促进福建省低碳产业发展的一个重要课题。     

深圳发展低碳经济的碳金融创新

发展低碳经济是当前世界各国,尤其是发展中国家寻求经济增长、促进经济转型、实现可持续发展的重要战略选择。碳金融为各类低碳经济投融资活动提供服务,是撬动经济绿色发展的有力杠杠,因此低碳经济发展离不开碳金融的支持。《京都议定书》生效以来,中国始终积极探索低碳经济发展道路,并组织开展了低碳省区和低碳城市试点工作。深圳作为我国第一批低碳试点城市,是中国发展低碳经济的排头兵。本文将以发达国家的经验为基础,结合深圳的产业资本和金融资本优势,重点研究深圳低碳经济发展的碳金融机制创新途经,并最终为深圳构建碳金融体系提供若干建议。     

浅议绿色金融助力辽宁实现双碳目标的对策

辽宁作为工业大省，目前已在绿色转型方面取得了一定成效，但其在经济上仍然存在明显的高碳特征，其经济粗放增长与碳排放要求之间矛盾较大，在绿色低碳发展方面还面临着巨大挑战，而发展绿色金融对于促进企业节能减排、优化资源配置、发展低碳经济具有明显的激励和推动作用。本文在阐述辽宁主要绿色金融产品发展现状的基础上，分析了制约其绿色低碳发展的突出问题，并对此提出相应的解决对策和建议，旨在以绿色金融助推辽宁如期实现双碳目标。     

绿色金融创新支持绿色农业的思考——以中国农业发展银行为例

在新发展阶段，绿色金融对农业、农村绿色低碳转型发展发挥着重要作用，特别是银行业金融机构能否主动引导资金投向涉农相关绿色产业领域，对于实现“三农”绿色低碳目标具有重要意义。本文通过探索农业绿色低碳发展分类方案和评估方法，分析气候投融资以及农业绿色发展资金来源，总结中国农业发展银行“碳中和”绿色债券发行经验，提出金融支持农业绿色发展的重点方向和政策建议。     

碳中和愿景下产业新势力

我国实现碳中和面临多重挑战 "实现碳达峰碳中和是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会的变革,也是一场硬仗,一次大考."全国工商联环境商会会长、博天环境集团董事长赵笠钧说. 他提到,以紧迫的碳达峰碳中和为目标,我国将全面加速构建绿色低碳循环发展的经济体系,大力发展绿色低碳的新技术、新产业和新业态,构建绿色低碳技术产业支撑体系向高质量...     

稳经济目标下的绿色低碳转型逻辑

我国经济发展面临多重内生压力与外生冲击，稳经济保民生成为当下第一要务。站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展，稳经济政策措施既要立足当下，应对短期经济低迷的困境，又要着眼长远，保持生态文明建设的战略定力，为经济社会发展注入可持续绿色新动能。从短期目标来看，通过投资、消费、出口“三驾马车”纾困帮扶市场主体是稳增长的政策着力点。考虑新冠疫情等的冲击，投资的稳增长效应更值得期待，也是将绿色低碳转型纳入稳经济政策的重要切入点。国家出台的稳经济政策措施，涵盖绿色低碳转型的积极内容，但也存在潜在的碳锁定风险。经济下行不仅导致结构性失业与绿色就业不足，而且使得绿色低碳转型财政承压明显，低碳减排与经济发展之间的关系较难平衡。借鉴欧美等发达国家在绿色复苏、零碳竞争、公正转型等方面的经验，未来我国不仅要将绿色投资作为稳经济政策的重要抓手，而且要从供给数量与结构匹配入手破解当前失业困境，通过加快零碳产业布局提升国际市场竞争力，力争在稳经济目标下推动绿色低碳转型。     

甘肃生态文明建设的现实路径

文章阐述了甘肃生态文明建设的现实路径：树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念;建立和完善生态文明建设的体制机制;优化甘肃的国土空间开发格局;大力发展循环经济;实行清洁生产;经济增长与生态文明建设相互促进,融合共建;增强节约意识,形成绿色消费新风尚;构建低碳产业发展新体系;加大生态环境保护和建设力度。     

日用玻璃生产企业碳中和路径研究

制造业的绿色转变事关国民经济高质量发展与生态文明建设,是实现“双碳”目标的客观要求。因此,绿色转变研究必须从增长的极限转向经济增长与环境保护双赢的可持续发展。本文阐述碳达峰与碳中和的概念,分析中国实现“双碳”目标的顶层设计和日用玻璃生产企业碳排放情况,以期找到日用玻璃生产企业实现碳中和的路径,推动日用玻璃行业节能降碳和绿色低碳发展。     

基于双碳目标的绿色低碳高质量发展路径分析

绿色低碳高质量发展实际上是在关注人的全面可持续健康发展，旨在建立一种对子孙后代长久稳定、与自然和谐共生的最优、最理想的生活状态。绿色低碳发展开启了政府、企业、公众协同发展的新模式，政府主导，企业参与，公众践行。中国贯彻新发展理念，以习近平生态文明思想为指引，以经济社会发展全面绿色低碳转型为方向，以能源绿色低碳发展为着力点，坚持走生态优先、绿色低碳的高质量发展道路。本文结合现行发展中存在的问题，立足于中国经济社会发展总趋势，探寻绿色低碳高质量发展路径，以实现碳达峰碳中和目标。     

我国金融机构碳金融业务创新研究

在过去的几年中,由于商业银行等金融机构的介入,金融产品及金融业务的创新已经成为了国际金融市场发展中的一个新亮点。发展中国碳金融体系,为金融业提供了巨大的发展空间。尽管国内与低碳经济相关的碳金融已经取得了相当的进展,但其发展仍处于相对初级的阶段。针对我国金融机构参与碳金融创新存在的几个问题,从构建碳信用交易平台,增强金融机构作为资金中介及交易中介的作用和努力推动碳金融产品创新的角度进行了阐释。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.