注册会计师审计风险管理——毕马威的启示

近年来,国内一连串的审计失败案对注册会计师的诚信度、公信力造成了很大的负面影响,审计职业界出现了诚信危机。本文以毕马威会计师事务所审计洪良国际公司IPO案为例,运用实证分析方法阐述了注册会计师应当如何管理审计风险,以避免审计失败。     

英美的注册会计师制度（上）

文章以市场经济下英美子公司经济组织形式发展为背景，阐述了英，美注册会计师制度产生发展过程及其运行的基本历史规律，并对以往学术界有争议的问题进行了考证，对一些鲜为人知的问题进行了探索性研究，并作出了研究结论。     

注册会计师审计风险及其防范

美国《财富》500强排名第七的安然公司破产后，导致其会计师——美国五大会计师事务所之一的安达信会计师事务所也被指控丧失诚信，审计失败，其由盛至衰，一如冰山消融，值得深思。随着会计师事务所体制改革的深入，注册会计师（CPA）将成为审计风险的承受对象。审计风险的控制是任何一家会计师事务所管理的核心问题，也是审计理论界研究和讨论的热点问题之一。笔者从审计风险的涵义出发，分析其形成的原因及其特点，有针对性地提出了控制审计风险的措施，希望对读者和同行有所启迪。     

论我国注册会计师审计面临的问题

随着我国社会主义市场经济建立和发展，我国注册会计师事业应运诞生，并且取得了较大的发展。但是，由于我国注册会计师审计起步较晚，远远未能满足我国市场经济发展的需要。与一些先进国家相比，存在着较大的缺陷，面临着严峻的现实问题     

法国注册会计师行业业务特色及启示

注册会计师行业在审计与非审计业务上是否也要来个“分业”经营，近来成为业内探讨的热点。法国注册会计师行业历经百年发展，探索出了一套成功的管理经验，对我国有一定的借鉴意义。文章认为我国目前阶段应鼓励会计师事务所发展非审计业务，可将审计业务和非审计业务交由不同的职责部门，但应加强行业监管。     

中国注册会计师审计市场竞争态势及其走向

在会计服务市场逐步开放与经济转轨同步进行的时空条件下,境内外会计师事务所在中国注册会计师审计市场上展开了激烈竞争,并形成不同的强弱态势,中国的审计市场几乎大部被境外4大会计师事务所占据。该文认为未来的审计服务市场将会呈现出多元化、多层次、宽领域的市场需求。本土会计师事务所应当根据自身特点,确立市场定位和服务对象,改善经营策略,提高业务质量,在做大做强中推进国际化。     

注册会计师审计风险及其规避

随着会计师事务所体制改革的深入,注册会计师成为审计风险的承受对象。审计风险的控制是任何一家会计师事务所管理的核心问题,也是审计理论界研究和讨论的热点问题。     

浅析当前我国注册会计师审计事业

未来的竞争是服务的竞争 ,会计服务业作为服务业的一种也不例外 ,尤其是加入WTO后更显突出。文章分析了目前我国注册会计师业中存在的问题 ,并就产生这些问题的原因作了简要分析     

美国大坝拆除对我国大坝建设与管理的启示

科学的水库大坝建设与管理是保证河流健康、实现河流生态文明的基础。作为世界上拥有大坝数量第二的国家,美国在经历了大规模的大坝建设后开始了拆坝运动,并且近十年来,大坝拆除加速。在分析美国大坝建设与拆除现状的基础上,探究了美国拆坝的战略考虑和拆坝过程,并结合我国大坝建设与管理的现状,提出了相应的对策建议。     

Incentive regulation in the United Kingdom and the United States: Some lessons

Summary and Conclusions This paper has reviewed the approach to incentive regulation in the United Kingdom and the United States. The United Kingdom approach has typically relied on pure PCR, incorporating much sharper incentives for efficiency and lower transactions costs, but it makes the company more of a hostage to the regulator. The United States approach, which is grounded or even mired in the legal system, gives up efficiency incentives in an attempt to avoid making the companies the hostages of regulatory reneging.²⁷ The papers in this Issue illustrate the broad scope of incentive regulation, from the purer forms of PCR to a number of variations and mixtures of PCR with other forms of regulation. The interesting theoretic results and the importance of achieving practical solutions in incentive regulation underscore the importance of the problems and approaches raised in this Issue.     

Consumer confidence and rational expectations in the United States compared with the United Kingdom

This paper examines the relationship between consumer confidence and the Rational Expectations Permanent Income Hypothesis in the USA and compares the results with those obtained for the UK. The study expands previous analysis by defining consumption as motor vehicles, goods excluding motor vehicles, and services. The results suggest that predictive ability of the USA's consumer confidence is less than that of the UK, but that contrary to the UK study, confidence does not predict future consumption growth of services and is therefore consistent with Rational Expectations Permanent Income Hypothesis.     

The Prince and the Pauper? CEO Pay in the United States and United Kingdom

We document differences in CEO pay and incentives in the United States and the United Kingdom for 1997. After controlling for size, sector and other firm and executive characteristics, CEOs in the US earn 45% higher cash compensation and 190% higher total compensation. The calculated effective ownership percentage in the US implies that the median CEO receives 1.48% of any increase in shareholder wealth compared to 0.25% in the UK. The differences, can be largely attributed to greater share option awards in the US arising from institutional and cultural differences between the two countries.     

美、日、德制造业国际化经营比较及启示

美、日、德等国制造业国际化经营程度都很高 ,产品出口和跨国投资额都占有较高比重 ,而且取得了较好的经济效益。本文分析美、日、德国制造业国际化经营取得较好经济效益的原因 ,从而得出对我国制造业国际化经营的启示。     

Dynastic Inequality Compared: Multigenerational Mobility in the United States,the United Kingdom,and Germany

Using harmonized household survey data, we analyze long‐run social mobility in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, and test recent theories of multigenerational persistence of socioeconomic status. In this country comparison setting, we find evidence against a universal law of social mobility. Our results show that the long‐run persistence of socioeconomic status and the validity of a first‐order Markov chain in the intergenerational transmission of human capital is country‐specific. Furthermore, we find that the direct and independent effect of grandparents' social status on grandchildren's status tends to vary by gender and institutional context.     

Estimating the HOV Model with Technology Differences Using Disaggregated Labor Skills for the United States and the United Kingdom

The paper develops a version of the Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek (HOV) theorem of parametric technological differences for application to US and UK data on the factor contents of trade, output, and consumption. A matched set of input–output tables, consumption and trade vectors, and labor occupations is constructed. The data allow estimation of factor-specific and industry-specific productivity differences for incorporation into a second-stage econometric approach to assessing the HOV model. The data support a general model with technical differences and measurement error. The implied ratio of US-to-UK expenditure levels exceeds the ratio based on published GNP data.