股份制商业银行竞争力进阶的战略选择

10家股份制商业银行的迅速崛起,引起广泛的关注.本文将其视为一个群体,分析了它的比较优势,对竞争的效率进行了论证,并探讨了影响竞争力提高的制度与政策背景,认为随着竞争环境的改变,股份制银行正面临严峻的竞争压力,同时,也存在竞争力升级的良好契机,必须尽快实施竞争战略调整,实现新的跨越.     

Telecom Regulation: Lessons from Independent Central Banks

Consumers do not choose their preferred central bank base rate in the way that they buy, say, telephone services from one of a number of competing companies: independent central banks (ICBs) and utility regulators have different tasks. However, those concerned with the emerging field of utility regulation can still learn much from research on ICBs, not least because, for historical reasons, there is much more of it. The authors of this article argue that the key to the success of both ICBs and utility regulators is proper governance arrangements. They reject the arguments for procedures that are totally rule-based with little or no discretion. Within clear rules, they say, both ICBs and regulators should be given discretion combined with high accountability.     

城市商业银行的竞争环境与路径选择

一、城市商业银行面临的新形势 城市商业银行自诞生之日起,就面临着较为严峻的国内外竞争环境.国际银行业兼并浪潮一浪高过一浪,外资银行已经陆续登陆我国金融市场.四大国有银行纷纷改变经营方式,调整资产结构,补充资本金,提高资本充足率,降低资产负债率,以便向国内外金融市场的纵深方向发展.各种股份制商业银行如雨后春笋般出现在中华大地上,它们有的发行股票上市,通过证券市场融通资金,如深圳发展银行、浦东发展银行等;有的通过兼并、联合重组,壮大自己的实力、扩大市场范围,以便向证券、保险等行业延伸,如广东发展银行通过收购中银信托,实现了由区域性商业银行向全国性商业银行的跨越;光大银行收购投资银行,使光大银行的网络迅速扩大并趋于完善.特别是加入WTO的日益临近,更使我国金融业面临着日益紧迫的竞争格局.     

Foreign Trade of China:Pains join happiness in 2005,Hard to Go Ahead in 2006

Foreign trade has become the most im portant issue in the country's economic situation.Domestic experts take the point of view that in 2006, the external demand will be still in a period of expansion, the surplus of foreign trade and export will witness a great increase, meaning that China will be possible to encounter more trade disputes in 2006 than in 2005.     

Foreign Trade of China:Pains join happiness in 2005,Hard to Go Ahead in 2006

Foreign trade has become the most im portant issue in the country‘s economic situation.Domestic experts take the point of view that in 2006, the external demand will be still in a period of expansion, the surplus of foreign trade and export will witness a great increase, meaning that China will be possible to encounter more trade disputes in 2006 than in 2005.     

Tough Love: The True Nature of the Eurozone Crisis

There are a number of misconceptions about the ongoing Eurozone crisis. One is that it is a debt crisis: in fact many countries that are considered to be reasonably sound have bigger long-term fiscal deficit problems than even the weakest Eurozone countries. The crisis partly reflects the pain of frontloaded fiscal repair. But even more so, the crisis has turned into a step-by-step attempt to forge a stronger and more coherent Europe. The reluctance of the European Central Bank to defuse the tensions which this process creates makes the region vulnerable to bouts of market turmoil. This paper outlines the course of the crisis, the policy responses to date, and the actions that are necessary to resolve it.     

Consumer-Driven Health Plans: New Developments and the Long Road Ahead

The continued rise in U.S. healthcare spending, along with growth in the number of uninsured, has spurred the move toward consumer-driven health plans. We review new legislation covering such plans, analyze their penetration in the marketplace, and predict their growth. We also use current information about plans that are compatible with Health Savings Accounts to compare them to traditional Preferred Provider Organization plans. Next, we discuss some concerns about the impact of these plans on vulnerable populations, such as the poor and sick. Finally, we suggest how consumer-driven health plans may help to improve the functioning of the healthcare market, especially by producing more transparent information on cost and quality. JEL Classification I110, I180     

Confronting the Soviet Management Structure: Bureaucratic,But Workable

Before an MNC even begins negotiation to set up a joint venture in the Soviet Union or otherwise do business there, it needs to understand the labyrinthine Soviet management system it will encounter. Here, Vladimir L. Kvint, a prominent Soviet professor and business authority now heading up his own consulting business in New York City, offers insights into the Soviet management system.     

Polish Economic Transformation: From Recession to Recovery and the Challenges Ahead

The Polish path from planning to markets was dramatic and risky but the benefits are already beginning to show. The Solidarity-led government introduced simultaneous macroeconomic stabilization and microeconomic liberalization programmes in January 1990. Inflation was successfully brought under control and free markets were rapidly established, but at the same time the country went into a deep recession. However the economy has been experiencing a strong recovery for more than a year, and Poland will probably be the fastest growing economy in Europe in 1993. There has also been major progress in restructuring and, to a lesser extent, privatization. Overall, Poland has made substantial progress towards a West European-type economy.     

国家粮食安全：现实挑战与路径选择

尽管我国粮食生产实现了“九连增”,但粮食安全并非高枕无忧。由于工业化、城镇化不断发展和人口递增趋势未减,保障粮食安全面临着诸多挑战,粮食安全仍需要引起全社会的高度关注。从我国粮食安全面临的现实挑战入手,本文提出我国实现粮食安全的现实路径：严格保护水土资源,改善生态环境、节约资源;加强农业技术创新,提高粮食单产的技术支撑;增强政策支持,改善种粮的经济效益;粮食生产立足国内,粮食贸易多元自主发展。     

转轨经济中的金融自由化:次序与路径选择

发展中国家在推进金融市场化改革进程中,引发了大规模的通货失控,信用紧缩及资本外流问题.经验告诉我们,金融服务贸易市场开放的“次序”至关重要.根据我国初始经济条件、国际国内政治环境和经济形势、政府能力和政府的社会信任度,我国金融开放应做出适合自己的次序安排和路径选择.     

2001年的世界贸易:回顾与展望

2001年是世界经济和贸易发生重大转折的一年。回顾2001年的世界贸易,可以看到三个重要的变化:(1)世界贸易由高速增长急转直下,其增幅还不及过去十年平均增幅的一半;(2)从商品结构和价格趋势看,发展中国家的处境十分不利;(3)南北之间贸易自由化的进程不平衡。展望2002年的世界贸易,由于“9.11”事件在投资和消费方面对人们信心的打击,前景不容乐观。     

The Road Ahead: The Graying of America and its Implications for Finance and the Economy

The population of the United States is aging, putting unsustainable strains on Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. These programs must be reformed, but there will also be increased pressure on individuals to save more and work longer if they are to enjoy a healthy retirement. Moreover, individuals must become much more sophisticated about the financial aspects of retirement in order to make wise choices. That said, the United States has many good options for successfully coping with the challenges of aging, but it is imperative that we act now.     

Looking Ahead: Opportunities and Challenges for U.S. Manufacturers

Manufacturing has received increased attention in recent years, as it has enhanced its importance in the economy with output and employment gains and as a driving force of U.S. exports. Nonetheless, the sector faces serious challenges as well as opportunities. The challenges are weak global economic growth, burdensome taxes and regulation, and a labor force that is unprepared to meet twenty-first century needs. Opportunities, however, are likely to more than offset the challenges. These are an improving energy environment, an improved climate for international trade, strong productivity growth, and continued strength in innovation.