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新型汽油抗爆剂NMT的发展及其市场前景 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
NMT是环戊二烯三羰基锰的产品名称,是一种提高汽油辛烷值的汽油添加剂。用于调合汽油,提高汽油辛烷值,从而生产90号、93号及高标号无铅汽油。NMT不仅能帮助炼油厂汽油产品提高等级,而且能提高高标号汽油的产量。NMT是炼油厂极有价值的辛烷值改进剂。本文主要介绍了新型汽油添加剂NMT的发展过程及其优点、用途、竞争优势和发展前景。 相似文献
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在描述汽油质量的指标中,从汽车的使用和汽车污染物排放控制角度看,我国与国外差别较大的汽油指标主要有辛烷值、硫含量、烯烃和芳烃、各种添加剂等。 相似文献
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本文介绍了目前主要的降低汽油烯烃含量的催化裂化(FCC)新工艺.通过对FCC装置自身进行改造增加芳构化、烷基化反映不仅降低了FCC汽油的烯烃含量,同时可以提高汽油的辛烷值,但总体看各项技术均在不断的完善之中,运用这些技术必须按照各自装置的实际情况 相似文献
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苯是重要的芳香族烃,大多可从催化重整生成油、裂解汽油和煤焦油中回收得到。苯一半用做乙苯,第二大用途是做异丙苯,其次是做环己烷、苯胺/硝基苯和烷基苯。此外,还可以添加进炼油厂的液体产品中,用以提高汽油的辛烷值。 相似文献
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《商业时代》2004,(22):37-37
北京车友杨树新问:为什么含MMT(锰盐)的高标号车用无铅汽油中会出现咖啡色的沉积物?有何解决办法? 答:在车用无铅汽油中加入MMT,能改善汽油的抗爆性,提高辛烷值,提高汽油标号。但MMT,见光易分解,产生咖啡色的沉积物,这就是氧化锰。含MMT的高标号车用无铅汽油在储、运、收、发和零售环节见光的机会很多,解决和抑制MMT见光分解的一种办法就是往含有MMT的车用无铅汽油中添加车用汽油清净稳定剂。这种清净稳定剂不仅能抑制MMT的分解和沉淀,而且在车用无铅汽油中具有清净剂的功能。目前,这种产品已在深圳市石油公司的97#车用无铅汽油中进行了实际应用试验,效果不错。 相似文献
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综述了近几年加氢裂化技术,渣油/重油加工技术,生产高辛烷值汽油新技术,汽、柴油脱硫新技术和应用节能技术等炼油技术及其发展趋势,并对其进行了分析、展望与评述。 相似文献
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John A. Miller 《广告杂志》2013,42(1):4-9
Advertising managers, educators and regulators alike have observed the growth of federal programs mandating the form or content of consumer information disclosures. Although this activity often has been warranted, at times these programs may have had unintended “deceptive” effects. Examples might include the USDA's food grading systems, some of the FTC's corrective advertising activities and certain programs of affirmative disclosure of product information (e.g, gasoline octane ratings and the cigarette health warning). To avoid these problems one must give attention to principles learned from communication and attitude research. Further, such programs will benefit greatly from before-after impact evaluation studies to insure that results correspond with objectives. 相似文献
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This article deals with environmental and distributional effects from a differentiated tax system on a set of disaggregated transportation goods. Empirical examination of Norwegian data indicates that higher tax rates on high-pollution luxury modes of transportation such as air flights and taxis reduce inequality and increase environmental quality. Lower tax rates on low-pollution necessities such as buses, bicycles, and mopeds reduce inequality and increase environmental quality. Higher taxesor high-pollution necessities such as gasoline have favourableenvironmental effects, but increase inequality somewhat. Railway passenger transportation appears to be distributionally neutral. In order to interpret the estimates with respect to distributional and environmental concerns, use is made of a theory of distribution effects based on Engel, child, and adult elastricities and a wide range of empirical estimates of environmental hazards from transportation consumption. For different modes of transportation, an analysis is made of emissions per passenger-kilometer and per monetary unit. 相似文献
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The number of gasoline stations in Canada fell by 40 % over the 1990s. Over the same period, the industry evolved from a large number of small stations with full service and automotive service bays, to large self serve stations with car washes and convenience stores. Demand and cost related theories of rationalization can explain the nationwide trends, but seem less able to explain city level variation in the timing and magnitude of rationalization. In this paper, we make use of a brand-level panel data set of station counts, shutdowns and characteristics for 12 Canadian cities from 1990 to 2005 to examine the relative importance of different region-level events and changes to the evolution of gasoline retailing. We find that market structure events and regulations are more strongly associated with the shutdown patterns of independent gasoline retailers than refinery-brand stations. 相似文献
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Michal Kvasnička Rostislav Staněk Ondřej Krčál 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2018,18(1):47-58
This paper studies the effect of station density on prices in the retail gasoline market in the Czech Republic. We estimate the impact of the number of competing stations in various driving-distance ranges around each station on prices. We find that station density has a negative effect on prices; the effect decreases with distance and is statistically significant up to six kilometers. This suggests that the retail gasoline market is local rather than national. 相似文献
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Hojin Jung 《Marketing Letters》2017,28(3):477-490
We empirically examined how gasoline prices impact consumers’ shopping behaviors. Using individual panel data on gasoline transactions, we found that gasoline prices generally have a statistically and economically significant impact. However, our disaggregate analysis indicated that, across consumers, considerable heterogeneity was present in the underlying sensitivity to the price of gasoline and in the income effect, resulting from fluctuating gasoline prices. More interestingly, the significant effect of gasoline prices was largely driven by the consumers with large purchase volume, and consumers with the highest level of gasoline consumption remained almost perfectly insensitive to the price of gasoline. Such heterogeneity is also present in the effect of gasoline prices on grocery expenditures, and notably, consumers with the largest purchase volume were not associated with statistically significant changes in grocery expenditures. Theoretical background suggests that the financial constraints of consumers and primary vehicle use may explain about the differences in responses to gasoline prices. Results based on individual-level data allowed for a comprehensive understanding of how and how much gasoline prices affect consumer behaviors and showed that inelastic gasoline demand and the considerable income effect due to gasoline prices may not best describe the effect of gasoline prices. 相似文献
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经济发展、环境质量和能源消费互相制约。以2003-2008年我国的主要环境质量指标和能源消费指标数据为依据,用灰色关联分析方法对环境质量和能源消费之间的关系进行研究,结果表明煤炭、原油、汽油、煤油和燃料油对环境的污染比电力和柴油大,可以通过优化能源消费结构来改善我国的环境质量。 相似文献