建立安徽巨灾保险制度的思考

特殊的自然和气候环境导致安徽常遭受洪涝、干旱、冰冻等自然巨灾,给安徽省造成了重大的财产损失和人身伤亡。而在处理和应对重大自然灾害损失方面,安徽省现行的自然灾害损失补偿制度,无法对巨灾损失进行有效补偿,特别是巨灾保险在灾害补偿制度中的重要作用还没有得到有效发挥,影响了安徽社会经济稳定与发展。而改革开放三十多年来,安徽社会经济快速发展、财政实力日益壮大和农业巨灾保险的实践,使得安徽已经具备了建立巨灾保险制度的可行性。建立安徽巨灾保险制度,改革和完善安徽巨灾损失补偿机制,可以有效提升安徽巨灾保险在政府建立的综合巨灾风险管理体系中的地位,消除巨灾损失对创建和谐安徽的巨大冲击。     

农业自然灾害协同补偿机制理论研究与实践探索——评《农业自然灾害多元化补偿机制研究》

正地震、台风、洪水、干旱、冰雹等各类自然灾害对人类的生命和财产造成了巨大损失,也给农业生产带来重大影响。近年来,我国除继续完善财政救灾制度外,还积极探索发挥农业保险市场对灾害补偿的作用。自2004年新型农业保险试点启动以来,国家通过财税支持等政策加大了对农业保险的扶持力度,我国农业保险得到了快速发展,目前农     

我国地震保险制度建设探讨

我国面临严重的地震风险。保险是有效应对地震风险的市场机制,建立地震保险制度对于维护社会稳定、减轻财政压力具有重要意义。目前我国对地震灾害的损失补偿主要采取国家财政和社会捐赠的形式,为了更好地应对地震风险,我国应借鉴国外成功经验,结合我国实际情况,充分发挥保险的损失补偿功能,建立适合我国国情的地震保险制度。     

江苏省保险发展对经济增长影响的分析

金融作为经济发展的重要推动力,在现代经济中处于核心地位。近年来,我国金融发展水平不断提高,金融发展对经济增长的促进作用日益显现。保险是金融体系的一个重要组成部分,有着金融的特点,也有自身的独特作用。近年来,随着江苏省保险业的不断发展保险,保险资产在金融业资产中所占的比重不断上升,江苏省保险业在促进经济增长方面的作用越来越明显。文章总结了保险发展与经济理论,基于此,根据江苏省保险发展与经济增长的实际情况,对江苏省保险发展与经济增长的相关性进行分析,并对江苏省保险发展影响经济增长的路径进行分析,认为江苏省保险发展可以通过风险转移与补偿、投资、技术进步、消费与出口路径影响经济增长。在此基础上对江苏省保险发展促进经济增长的路径进行实证分析,最后根据实证结果并结合江苏省保险发展与经济增长的实际,提出了有针对性的政策建议。     

浅谈我国家庭财产保险的发展与创新

2008年我国接连发生的自然灾害给社会中无数的家庭带来了沉重的打击。在灾后重建的过程中，我们看到保险带给人们抚慰的同时，也看到了我国保险在救助中的严重缺位，不得不对此进行反思。本文采用文献资料法、实证法和比较丢进行研究，立足于保险的风险分散与损失补偿功能，分析家庭财产保险发展滞后的现状和原因，探讨家庭财产保险的创新与发展对策。     

代位求偿权在人身保险中的适用性研究

以损失补偿原则为基础的代为补偿原则，维护了投保人和保险人的利益，但在我国新《保险法》第60-63条明确规定财产保险享有代位权，第46条却对保险代位权在人身保险中做出了笼统限制，排除其在人身保险中的适用。如今关于代位求偿权是否适用于人身保险存在争议，故本文将分别从人寿保险、健康保险、意外伤害保险来分析保险代位求偿权在人身保险中的适用性。     

商业保险参与社会医疗体制改革所面临的问题和对策

商业医疗保险是指保险公司对被保险人在治疗疾病时发生的医疗费用提供补偿的保险。它是在自愿的基础上以契约的形式来保障参加者享受医疗服务的一种保险形式。商业医疗保险提供的保险产品主要有三种；一是疾病给付型，即当被保险人患用要款列明的疾病时，给付约定的保险金额；二是费用补偿型，即对被保险人发生的医疗费用，保险公司按规定予以补偿；三是损失补贴型，即保险公司按规定对被保险人因罹患疾病导致的收入中断或减少的损失进行定额补贴。     

福建农业保险试点的现状及发展思路

农业保险是农业生产规避风险、补偿灾害损失的一种有效工具,也是市场经济国家支持、保护农业发展的一项重要内容.本文从福建农业保险试点的现状、存在的问题出发,提出发展福建农业保险的思路,对福建农业保险发展具有重要的意义.     

论保险的社会管理功能及实现途径

现代保险业总体上来说具有经济补偿、资金融通和社会管理三大功能。而保险的社会管理功能，包含了社会保障管理、社会风险管理、社会关系管理、社会信用管理等内涵，是指从社会属性角度看保险本质所产生的对整个社会的积极作用，就是保险经营为企业或个人进行风险识别和控制等管理服务，它可以为政府管理分忧，为社会稳定出力，为经济建设护航，为小康社会提供保障。     

马克思主义保险思想探析

马克思主义经典作家对保险性质、作用以及加强保险业管理等曾作过深入的论述，并有着丰富的思想内涵。马克思认为，保险费是生产上的非生产费用，保险公司只是把单个资本家的损失在资本家阶级中间分配，通过加到商品价值中去的这种加价来均衡地分配这些费用；保险必须由剩余价值补偿，是剩余价值的一种扣除；保险公司是新的交往形式和获得财产的新方式；在社会再生产过程中，以保险形式组织的保险基金发挥着重要的作用。列宁丰富和发展了马克思主义保险思想。列宁提出了保险事业国有化思想；同时强调，应加强对保险机构的统一领导。     

The effects of preferred provider organizations on costs and utilization of hysterectomy

In this study, the costs and service utilization of preferred provider organizations (PPOs) were compared against traditional indemnity plans with similar benefits and utilization review for hysterectomy, a potentially overused procedure. PPOs were associated with significant cost savings, achieved primarily through lower utilization rates.     

WHAT ARE EMPLOYERS DOING TO CREATE A COMPETITIVE MARKET FOR HEALTH CARE IN THE TWIN CITIES?

Employers' willingness to control costs is a critical aspect of pro-competition strategies for the health-care market. Here, we present some of the first quantitative evidence of what employers do to control health-care costs. Our sample is 44 large private and public employers in Minnesota.
We develop a theoretical model in which the employer chooses cost-control "innovations"—along with wages, fringe benefits, and labor-force size—to maximize profits. The role of innovations is to reduce unit costs of offering fringe benefits.
Our data are from a 1982 survey. Eighty percent of the surveyed employers, representing nearly 200,000 employees, responded. Most respondents offer both indemnity insurance plans and health-maintenance organizations (HMOs). Many firms and individual health-insurance plans conduct cost-control activities, but less than half of the firms which offer HMOs have adopted level-dollar premium contributions for their family health-insurance policies. Few plans have increased their coinsurance and deductible requirements in the past five years.
We use probit equations to estimate the probability that a firm or a health plan will adopt cost-control activities. Our analysis suggests that many firms may soon make major plan-design changes to control health-care costs, although they have not yet done so.     

利用生态经济原理提高渭北旱原粮食产量

本文根据近几年来对渭北旱原的调查研究,分析了干旱、雨涝、霜冻、大风、冰雹、病虫草鼠等自然灾害和各种人为灾害对发展粮食生产的影响,寻找灾害形成的原因,并提出相应之对策。     

中日邦交正常化谈判的过程及其国际政治学意义

在战后处理的意义上,中日邦交正常化谈判应该以法律文件宣告两国“战争状态”的结束。但由于日本保守政治势力拒绝侵略战争责任的谢罪、赔偿,两国签订“和平条约”的“法律解决”不可能实现;经过日本的超党派外交、情报战活动和“遭遇激战”式的政府间谈判,两国达成了回避“日华和约”和日美安保体制之“政治解决”的“联合声明”。既然不能革除日美同盟对华敌视和美国庇护下日本对华蔑视的冷战政治属性,历史连续性结构也就决定了中日关系仍然不正常的周期性恶化特征。     

The Endogenous Sequential Probit model: An application to the demand for hospital utilization

This paper develops the Endogenous Sequential Probit model to analyze the effect of managed care on hospital utilization by adult married US population and finds that managed care gives disincentives to utilize hospital care relative to the standard indemnity plans.     

Optimal accident compensation schemes

This paper considers the way in which accident compensation is offered as insurance against personal injury due to accidents. We begin by setting up a simple microeconomic model in which accident compensation schemes can be studied. Using this model, the accident compensation scheme that maximizes the expected utility of the insured for a given expected outlay of the scheme (that is, for a budget constraint for the insurer) is characterized. We show that, in order for the optimal schedule of indemnities to be increasing (more severe accidents lead to greater compensation) then, contrary to what has been assumed in the literature, the marginal utility of wealth must be decreasing in health. In particular, if the marginal utility of wealth is non-decreasing in health, then an optimal indemnity schedule cannot provide full compensation, in the sense that utility in each state is a constant. Financial support from Secretaría de Estado de Universidades e Investigación del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia is gratefully acknowledged by F. J. Vázquez.     

Pareto efficient insurance contracts when the insurer's cost function is discontinuous

Summary. We consider the problem of efficient insurance contracts when the cost structure includes a fixed cost per claim. We prove existence of efficient insurance contracts and that the indemnity function in such contracts is non-decreasing in the damage. We further show that either there is no insurance, or the indemnity is positive for all losses, or efficient insurance contracts have a unique jump. We study variants of the model and provide a generalization to the case of non expected utilities. Our results are then applied to Townsend's model of deterministic auditing. Received: November 8, 2000; revised version: March 12, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" We are grateful to F. Salanié for pointing out an error in the previous version of the paper and for suggesting Proposition 6 to us. Correspondence to: R.-A. Dana     

Temptation, self-control, and competitive nonlinear pricing

Standard pricing theories consider consumers without temptation. With temptation and costly self-control, consumers dislike choice sets with tempting alternatives. We study firms' strategy against such consumers, using Gul–Pesendorfer preferences and a game where firms compete by offering menus.     

Managed indemnity insurance--a clear choice for health plan sponsors

HOMs will undoubtedly remain the primary health plan choice for a significant portion of the nation's employers. However, some employers may find that managed indemnity insurance is more effective in meeting their needs and those of their employees.     

Estimating IPO pricing efficiency by Bayesian stochastic frontier analysis: The ChiNext market case

Based on the Bayesian stochastic frontier analysis (BSFA), this paper empirically studies the pricing efficiency of initial public offering in the ChiNext market from October 2009 to January 2014. The average pricing efficiency calculated by the BSFA model is 0.5908, suggesting that most of the information about the issuers is not reflected in the offering price. Meanwhile, Fundamentals of issuers, Information asymmetry, Issue characteristics, and Market environments have different effects on IPO pricing.