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1.
Patent Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We investigate how the patent policy affects economic growth and social welfare based on an endogenous growth model with R&D
activities. We show that the patent length that maximizes the social welfare is finite. Moreover, by introducing compulsory
licensing, we also show that the patent length that maximizes the social welfare is not infinite even if the royalty rate
can be controlled.
Received June 29, 2001; revised version received February 5, 2002 Published online: February 17, 2003
We wish to thank two anonymous referees for their constructive comments. We also thank Akira Yakita for his helpful comments. 相似文献
2.
Toshihiro Matsumura 《Journal of Economics》2002,75(3):199-210
m -period duopoly model with inventory costs, where each firm chooses when to produce. We find that, in contrast to most existing
works concerning endogenous roles of the firms, no pure strategy equilibrium exists when m is strictly larger than two. This result indicates that no stable pattern of allocation of roles exists except for a two-period
model; thus the leader-follower relationship inevitably becomes instable.
Received August 1, 2000; revised version received July 20, 2001 相似文献
3.
Konstantine Gatsios 《Journal of Economics》2002,77(1):23-33
This paper develops a two-good, small-country, general-equilibrium trade model with endogenous labor supply, where trade is
restricted by a tariff or an import quota. Within this framework, it is shown that, contrary to Anam (1989), under an import
quota domestic and world prices may vary in the same direction. This is due to the possibly positive employment effects of
terms of trade shocks. In such a case, compared to fixed labor supply, variable labor supply is likely to make the domestic
prices less sensitive to foreign price volatility.
Received June 13, 2001; revised version received November 14, 2001 相似文献
4.
Dave Furth 《Journal of Economics》2003,78(1):57-82
In this paper, a solution concept from cooperative game theory is applied to a special kind of oligopolistic markets. Traditionally,
oligopoly theory uses non-cooperative game theory. The cooperative solution concept, the Price Core, has been specially developed
for this paper. In contrast to the Core, in the Price Core, different consumers may pay different prices for the same commodity.
An example shows that the set of competitive allocations may be a proper subset of the Core and that the Core may be a proper
subset of the Price Core.
Received July 24, 2001; revised version received February 25, 2002 Published online: December 5, 2002 相似文献
5.
Jumpei Tanaka 《Journal of Economics》2003,79(1):19-39
Constructing an endogenously growing overlapping generations model with public investment, we examine the welfare effects
of a fiscal reconstruction policy. In this paper we define a fiscal reconstruction policy as a policy where the government
reduces its spending level without changing the tax revenue and allocates the surplus of the revenue to redeem public debt.
We show that if government spending is not productive it is possible that a fiscal reconstruction policy improves the utilities
of both the current and future generations, while if government spending is productive it can harm the utilities of both generations.
Received February 26, 2002; revised version received July 8, 2002
Published online: February 17, 2003 相似文献
6.
An overlapping generations model of an exchange economy with two sources of uncertainty is considered. Individuals have a
finite expected life span and uncertain annual income. Conditions concerning birth, death, inheritance and bequests are fully
specified. Under such conditions, the existence of a stationary Markovian equilibrium is established in some generality, and
several explicitly solvable examples are examined in detail.
Received August 6, 2001; revised version received March 12, 2002 Published online: November 11, 2002 相似文献
7.
Sajid Anwar 《Journal of Economics》2003,78(3):259-272
This paper examines the impact of exogenous changes in the supply of primary factors of production on the relative size of
government and welfare in the context of a model where increasing returns are present in the production of an intermediate
good. It is shown that an increase in the supply of labor (capital) increases the relative size of government if the share
of labor is large (small) in the public sector as compared to the private sector. An increase in the supply of capital increases
welfare but the impact of an increase in the supply of labor cannot be unambiguously determined. In the context of a North-South
model, the paper also considers the pattern of trade. It is shown that North will export capital-intensive intermediate goods
to the South.
Received September 13, 2001; revised version received June 1, 2002 Published online: February 17, 2003
I am indebted to Professor Bob Catley and two anonymous referees for invaluable comments and suggestions. However, responsibility
of any remaining errors or omissions is mine alone. 相似文献
8.
Bo Sandemann Rasmussen 《Journal of Economics》2002,76(2):155-175
Received November 3, 2000; revised version received August 2, 2001 相似文献
9.
Jürgen Meckl 《Journal of Economics》2002,77(3):241-266
This paper addresses the criticism that balanced growth models are inconsistent with the dynamics of structural change characterizing
the process of economic development. Using a sectoral disaggregated version of a research-driven growth model, we develop
the concept of a generalized balanced growth path (GBGP). Along a GBGP, macroeconomic variables grow at constant rates while
disaggregated variables grow at non-constant rates. As a result, balanced growth in macroeconomic aggregates and structural
change can occur simultaneously.
Received April 3, 2001; revised version received February 20, 2002 Published online: November 11, 2002 相似文献
10.
贸易、环境污染与经济增长——基于开放经济下的一个内生增长模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过构建一个开放经济条件下的内生增长模型,文章探讨了国际贸易、环境质量与经济持续增长三者的内在关系以及相互作用的动力机制。首先,通过对模型的竞争性市场均衡分析,给出了平衡增长路径的经济增长率,并系统地分析了在环境污染进入效用函数的情形下长期经济增长的内在机理。其次,通过对最优增长路径进行比较静态分析,分别讨论了贸易自由化对环境质量、经济增长、福利效应的影响;污染外部性对长期经济增长的约束等。最后给出了模型的综合结论及其现实涵义。 相似文献
11.
Kiminori Matsuyama 《Journal of Economic Theory》2001,100(2):220
This paper extends the analysis of K. Matsuyama (Econometrica67 (1999), 335–347) to the case of an infinitely lived representative agent economy. The economy grows endogenously through endogenous fluctuations, perpetually moving back and forth between two phases. In one phase, there is no innovation, the market structure is competitive, and the economy grows solely by capital accumulation. In the other phase, new goods are introduced and the market structure is monopolistic. In the long run, both investment and innovation grow at the same rate, but the economy alternates between the periods of high investment and the periods of higher innovation. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: E32, O11. 相似文献
12.
G. Bethuyne 《Journal of Economics》2002,76(2):123-154
Received December 7, 1999; revised version received July 26, 2001 相似文献
13.
Received August 5, 1999; revised version received July 20, 2001 相似文献
14.
This paper applies the inframarginal analysis, which is a combination of marginal and total cost-benefit analysis, to investigate
the relationship between division of labor, the extent of the market, productivity and inequality of income distribution.
The model with transaction costs and exogenous and endogenous comparative advantages shows that as trading efficiency is improved
the general equilibrium discontinuously jumps from autarky to partial division of labor with a dual structure, then to the
complete division of labor where dual structure disappears. In this process different groups of individuals with different
trading efficiency become involved in a certain level of division of labor at different stages of development. As the leading
group becomes involved in a higher level of division of labor leaving others behind, a dual structure emerges and inequality
increases. As latecomers catch up dual structure disappears and inequality declines. When the leader goes to an even higher
level of specialization, dual structure occurs and inequality increases again. Inequality decreases again as the latecomers
catch up. Hence, the equilibrium degree of inequality fluctuates in this development process. The relationship between inequality
and productivity is neither monotonically positive nor monotonically negative. It might not be an inverted U-curve. The key
driving force of economic development and trade is improvement in trading efficiency.
Received January 8, 2002; revised version May 2, 2002 Published online: December 5, 2002 相似文献
15.
Timing of Entry under Externalities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Received August 23, 2000; revised version received May 14, 2001 相似文献
16.
above the certainty level while for additive uncertainty the price should be lower than the certainty level. This note gives an intuitive explanation for the result after first presenting a parsimonious review
of the two models. We also discuss which, if either, of the two models is more realistic.
Received December 14, 2001; revised version received July 16, 2002
Published online: April 30, 2003
We thank referees for helpful comments. Ciaran Driver would like to acknowledge the research facilities from ANU, Canberra
for their help in writing this paper. 相似文献
17.
Takashi Unayama 《Journal of Economics》2003,79(1):41-60
This paper introduces product variety into the Balassa-Samuelson model in order to extend the model of real exchange rate
determination. With product differentiation, real exchange rates depend not only on the relative price of nontradables to
tradables but also on relative prices among tradables. This paper identifies a new factor that determines the extent of variety,
termed Infrastructural Technology, and that affects real exchange rates not through the relative price of nontradables but
through relative prices among tradables. This paper also conducts empirical tests, and the results of these tests support
the model.
Received May 31, 2001; revised version received March 20, 2002
Published online: April 30, 2003 相似文献
18.
Received April 29, 2002; revised version received July 12, 2002
Published online: April 30, 2003
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for useful comments. The work described in this paper was supported by a grant
from the Research Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. CUHK 4032/98H) and the Research
Center for International Economics of the City University of Hong Kong. The usual disclaimer applies. 相似文献
19.
We exploit the common features of models such as union, search and efficiency wage models to develop a framework that can
be used to analyze the effects of any revenue-neutral tax reform on employment. In particular, we show that taxes paid by
workers are not equivalent to taxes paid by firms when taxes are non linear. Moreover, we show that the positive impact of
tax progressivity on employment is attributable only to a limited set of hypotheses.
Received May 2, 2001; revised version received November 27, 2001 Published online: December 5, 2002 相似文献
20.
宁南旱作农区是我国经济落后的地区.生态环境十分严酷,农民生活十分贫穷。按照西部大开发的战略要求,保护生态,实现社会经济与生态恢复同步发展已成为该地区当前和以后相当长一段时期的主要任务。面对中国小康社会建设目标和农业现代化要求,发展草畜一体化生态经济农业将是该地区经济发展的战略选择,以草畜产业为基础的生态经济农业必将成为干旱半干旱地区可持续发展的主要途径。 相似文献