制度基础审计与风险导向审计之比较

本文对制度基础审计与风险导向审计进行了比较分析,指出了两种审计模式的具体特点,阐述了制度基础审计模式和风险导向审计模式两者的利弊得失及其适用的审计环境,以期从理论和实务上对两种审计模式有一个较为全面的认识。     

管理审计与风险导向审计比较分析

随着外部风险基础审计的发展,内部审计也应在适应环境的基础上加快发展。本文着重对管理审计与风险导向内部审计进行了比较,分析了两种审计模式的特点,阐述了管理审计模式和风险导向内部审计模式两者的利弊得失及其适用的审计环境,以期从理论和实务上对两种审计模式有较为全面的认识。     

制度基础审计与风险导向审计的比较研究

引言 审计模式是审计理论和实务中的重要问题。在审计发展的历史长河中,依次出现了账项基础审计、制度基础审计和风险导向审计。随着近年来国内外审计失败事件的频频发生,风险导向审计作为一种重要的审计理念和方法受到了审计界的普遍关注。     

施工企业风险导向内部审计探讨

风险导向内部审计是在账项基础审计和制度基础审计基础上发展完善而来的一种新的审计模式,但我国风险导向内部审计尚处于初步探索阶段。本文从风险导向内部审计的涵义入手,结合施工企业风险导向内部审计的特点,对其实施及其应注意的问题进行探讨。     

论风险导向审计

面对高度风险的社会环境,我国审计界目前广泛采用的制度基础审计模式或账项基础审计模式已不能适应形势发展的需要。西方国家自80年代以来兴起了一种新型的审计模式——风险导向审计,运用新技术、新方法预防和控制审计风险,取得了一定的成果。文章从风险导向审计的特点,风险导向审计产生的原因,会计师事务所推行风险导向审计的制约因素以及注册会计师在执业中应如何贯彻执行风险导向审计。     

引入风险导向审计理念实现制度基础审计模式创新

风险导向审计模式因其优势成为英美等发达国家审计的发展潮流。在我国全面推广风险导向审计的时机尚欠成熟。现阶段,将风险导向审计理念引入制度基础审计模式中,无疑是提高审计质量,降低审计风险的捷径。     

论风险导向审计

面对高度风险的社会环境,我国审计界目前广泛采用的制度基础审计模式或账项基础审计模式已不能适应形势发展的需要。西方国家自80年代以来兴起了一种新型的审计模式——风险导向审计,运用新技术、新方法预防和控制审计风险,取得了一定的成果。文章从风险导向审计的特点,风险导向审计产生的原因,会计师事务所推行风险导向审计的制约因素以及注册会计师在执业中应如何贯彻执行风险导向审计。     

新审计准则体系的审计模式基础

2006年2月15日我国发布了48项修订的或新增的审计准则,标志着我国新的审计准则体系的建立。而新的审计准则体系是建立在何种审计模式基础上的呢?本文通过分析认为我国新建立的审计准则体系是建立在改良后的风险导向审计模式的基础之上。审计模式是审计目标、范围和方法等要素的有机组合,它回答了审计应从哪里下手、怎样着手进行审计以及进行审计的时间等问题。随着社会经济的发展,审计模式也逐渐发生着变化。根据审计切入点的不同,审计模式可以划分为三种类型:帐项导向模式、制度导向模式与风险导向模式。因为帐项导向审计模式及制度导向审…     

制度导向与账表导向、风险导向审计的区别

账表导向审计、制度导向审计和风险导向审计,是审计的三种模式。其中,账表导向审计模式产生和流行于20世纪40年代以前;制度导向审计在20世纪40年代至70年代盛行并占主导地位;风险导向审计模式则是20世纪80年代以后产生并逐步被广泛采用。虽然三者都是审计模式,但却存在着重大差异。尽管制度导向审计和账表导向审计模式都适用于财务审计,都要服从财务审计的目的与要求,但是,二者是两种不同的审计模式,它们存在着如下差异。效率不同。制度导向审计模式制度导向审计与账表导向审计模式的不同与账表导向审计模式相比,注重分析产生财务报表结果的…     

现代风险导向审计问题及对策研究

正一、引言内部审计模式的发展,主要经历了三个阶段:账项基础审计(以会计报表中各项目的审计为基础)、制度基础审计(以内部控制为导向)、风险导向审计。其中,风险导向审计是在前两个阶段审计模式的基础上继承和发展而来的,它经历了由传统风险导向审计向现代风险导向审计的转变。2006年,财政部在借鉴国际审计准则的基础上,颁布了48项新审计准     

关于内审对最高管理层的审核

1．前言 在外部的审核实践中，经常会发现一些组织的内审，遗漏了对最高管理层（以下简称管理层）的审核，外审员据此开出不合格后，受审核方有的面露难色，认为不好纠正。这的确是个比较复杂的问题。本文愿就内审审核管理层的要求、问题、原因分析和纠正措施，结合标准的要求、指南性意见和审核案例，做一番探讨，提供一些技术支持，以期这一比较普遍的问题能够有所解决。     

论内部审计对我国国家审计的借鉴意义

近几十年来,内部审计发展迅速.国际内部审计界在理论上取得了许多富于价值的研究成果,同时在实务上也总结出一些行之有效的做法,使得内部审计在规范组织行为、提高组织经营效率和效果方面发挥了重要的作用.目前,内部审计已成为单位内部管理中不可或缺的组成部分,其重要作用已在世界范围内得到认可.     

Impact of renewable long-term audit mandates on audit quality

Anglo-American countries like the US and the UK allow companies to switch auditors every year. In contrast, some continental European countries restrict auditor switching by allowing only renewable long-term audit mandates. This paper aims to analyse the impact of renewable long-term audit mandates on audit quality. Audit quality is considered from the viewpoint of the external users of the financial statements. It is questioned whether renewable long-term audit mandates have an impact on the auditor's reporting behaviour and on auditor independence. This research is motivated by the lack of consensus in the literature on the impact of the length of the auditor client relationship on audit quality. Moreover, few empirical studies use publicly available secondary data in order to determine whether perceived threats to auditor independence actually compromise auditor independence. Therefore, our research methodology consists in the development of a logistic regression model in which the explanatory variables are measured using publicly available data. The results of the study suggest that long-term auditor client relationships significantly increase the likelihood of an unqualified opinion or significantly reduce the auditor's willingness to qualify audit reports. A significant difference was also found between the auditor's reporting behaviour in the first two years versus the last year of the audit mandate. Auditors are more willing to issue an unqualified audit report in the first two years of their official mandate than in the last year of their mandate. This could be an indication that the decision to renew the auditor's mandate is already taken and known to the auditor before he has issued his last audit report within his current mandate. The policy implications of these findings could be in favour of mandatory auditor rotation to maintain the value of an audit for the external users. However, given recent theoretic evidence on the adverse effects of mandatory auditor rotation, there is a need to develop alternative measures to safeguard auditors' independence.     

论政府审计对社会审计监督的必要性

关于政府审计对社会审计的监督问题,长期以来都存在一些不同的看法。特别是90年代初期以来,随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的初步建立和逐步完善,淡化(甚至是取消)政府审计对社会审计的监督的观点甚为流行,这也给实际工作造成了不小的负面影响。本文就当前情况下我国政府审计对社会审计监督的必要性这一问题谈一点粗浅的看法。     

制度基础与风险基础审计方法评析

审计方法的变革是现代审计的一个重要标志。在审计发展的历史长河中,审计方法不断地变化与调整,特别是制度基础与风险基础审计方法的先后出现,使审计工作跨入了一个崭新的时代。     

Repeated audit controls

An important task of auditors is to check whether recorded values are correct. From the number (or total) of the errors found in a sample, upper confidence limits for the fraction (or total) of the errors in the population are calculated by standard methods.
Even auditors are human, however, and may make mistakes: errors may remain unnoticed. As administrative rules and regulations are becoming more and more complicated, this kind of auditors' mistakes tends to occur more frequently. Hence, there is an increasing need to check the auditing process itself. This can be achieved by checking a subsample of audited values a second time, now by an error-free supervisor.
This paper investigates the consequences of the (possible) occurrence of errors in this subsample. A simple and analytically attractive model is presented for the number of errors found in this double inspection scheme. Maximum likelihood estimators are derived for the population fraction of errors and the probability of an error remaining unnoticed. Based on that, an exact upper confidence limit for the population fraction of errors is calculated, treating the probability of an unnoticed error as a nuisance parameter. Our method was originally developed during a recent Dutch case study: in a subsample of already audited values one additional error was found by the supervisor. It is shown that, as a consequence, the upper confidence limit is increased very sizeably.     

刍议内部审计向管理审计方向发展

本文在总结已有成果的基础上,分析了开展管理审计对内部审计权威性、内部审计目的、内部审计工作的复杂程度、内部审计的质量控制的影响和要求,并对发展我国企业内部审计提出了相关建议.     

关于内部审计工作的几点思考

我国目前的内部审计已不能适应时代的需求,随着现代企业制度的建立,内部审计应在机构的设置、定位、审计方法、质量控制、内审人员素质及法制建设等方面进行革新。     

内部审计浅谈

内部审计以服务为基本职责,是由内部审计的性质和地住所决定的,也是国际内部审计发展的大趋势。内部审计是企业内部控制系统的一个重要程序,通过内部审计发挥企业内部控制的监控职能。     

The fundraising database audit

The concept of the database audit is relatively new, both in commercial and in nonprofit marketing. This paper sets out the case, benefits, pitfalls and techniques that are part of database auditing. The principles of database auditing are explained, with measurement, comparison, retrospection, trends, top-down, KPIs, diagnostics and other key concepts explored. A typical audit sequence is shown. The benefits of auditing are described, and several supporting tables and chart examples from real charity audits given, including lifetime value, growth and attrition of a database and active/inactive supporter cohorts. The challenges and difficulties experienced in auditing are described, and software tools illustrated. Common pitfalls are described and the future of database audits is predicted.