Labour Relations Deteriorate in Nationalised Industry

It has long been argued that the relations between employees and employers would improve once industry was nationalised. John McEnery, until recently a senior civil setvant, argues that it is the nature of nationalisation to make labour relations worse than in private industry.     

The Evolution of Indian Industrial Relations: A Comparative Perspective

This article examines the evolution of Indian industrial relations in an historical and structural context. In India, the evolution of industrial relations has been ‘incremental’ and ‘adaptive’ and not ‘discontinuous’ and ‘revolutionary’. The relationship between changing industrialisation strategies and industrial relations institutions and practices in India is considerably more subtle than is often supposed in comparative industrial relations narratives, especially when detailed endogenous political economy considerations are taken into account.     

从文化视角看中国会计改革进程

本文基于Hofstede的文化五维度模型和Gray的会计亚文化理论,探讨了文化对中国会计改革可能产生的影响。调查问卷的统计结果表明,不确定性规避、集体主义、权力距离等文化维度,都可以在不同程度上解释我国会计改革过去进展状况。笔者认为,文化是影响会计改革进程的一个不可忽视的因素,深入了解我国传统文化可以使人们以更加包容的心态去看待会计改革进程。     

Flexible Sojourning in the Era of Globalization: Cross‐border Population Mobility in the Hong Kong–Guangdong Border Region

This study of cross‐border population mobility in the Hong Kong–Guangdong region adopts a humanistic and disaggregate approach to analyzing how ordinary and sometimes underrepresented people, such as housewives, workers, low‐income households and elderly retirees, have engaged in border‐crossing as a personal strategy to actively negotiate with the reproduction of regional asymmetry in the era of uneven globalization. Flexible sojourning across the border has long been pursued by the local population in this region as a means of survival during natural catastrophes, economic downturns, wars and political turmoil. Cross‐border population mobility has acquired a new momentum in recent years subsequent to the uneven economic and social changes on the two sides of the border. The border‐crossers are, seemingly, a uniform group of people whose travel behavior does not deviate from the expectation of conventional wisdom. However, a closer analysis reveals significant differences among the border‐crossers. Four main types of border‐crossers are identified: shoppers, workers, homebuyers and elderly retirees. Each type demonstrates distinct patterns of border‐crossing and makes the trip out of different considerations. Border‐crossing has different meanings to people of different social identities. Cross‐border mobility can be and has been used by different kinds of people in different ways as a personal strategy to take on the challenges of structural changes at home and across the border. The article calls for an extension of border studies beyond the existing emphasis on border functioning, nation‐states and regional development toward examining more seriously and carefully the ordinary people who are involved in border‐crossing as a practice of their everyday life. D’approche humaniste et décomposée, cette étude sur la mobilité transfrontalière des populations dans la région de Hong‐Kong et de Guangdong analyse comment des populations ordinaires, et parfois sous‐représentées (femmes au foyer, ouvriers, ménages à faible revenu et retraités âgés, par exemple), ont entrepris de passer la frontière comme stratégie personnelle d’adaptation active à la reproduction de l’asymétrie régionale parallèlement à une mondialisation inégale. La population locale pratique des séjours transfrontaliers souples depuis longtemps, pour sa survie en cas de catastrophes naturelles, revers économiques, guerres et agitation politique. La mobilité transfrontalière s’est accélérée récemment après les évolutions économiques et sociales inégales des deux côtés de la frontière. Les transfrontaliers forment, parait‐il, un groupe uniforme de personnes dont le comportement de voyageur respecte les attentes de la prudence classique. Pourtant, une analyse plus poussée révèle d’importantes différences entre eux. Quatre grands types de transfrontaliers sont identifiés: consommateurs, travailleurs, acquéreurs de logement et retraités âgés. Chaque type suit un modèle transfrontalier distinct et fait le déplacement pour des motifs différents. La signification de ce déplacement diverge selon les identités sociales. Ainsi, la mobilité transfrontalière peut servir et a servi à différents types de personne de manières différentes comme stratégie personnelle pour affronter les difficultés nées des changements structurels des deux côtés de la frontière. Les études sur les frontières sont à prolonger au‐delà de l’intérêt actuel pour le fonctionnement aux frontières et pour l’évolution de régions ou d’États‐nations, afin d’examiner de façon plus sérieuse et minutieuse les populations ordinaires qui traversent les frontières dans leur pratique quotidienne.     

Labour utilisation and industrial relations at Scott-Lithgow 1967–87

This article, a case study of a Scottish shipbuilding and offshore construction company, examines the impact of management style and organisational structure on labour utilisation and industrial relations     

Labour intelligence and industrial relations policy 1886–1914*

This article examines the contribution of labour intelligence to the policy-making process during a formative period of modern British industrial relations. It concludes that the experience of 1886–1914 has important lessons for current policy-makers in the use of labour intelligence.     

站在十字路口:政府劳动关系治理路径选择之争鸣

全球化背景下的劳动关系日趋多元、更加灵活,国内外劳动关系现状的变化对各国政府在劳动关系治理提出了挑战.国家对于制度供给、决策方向、治理路径的选择将何去何从,直接影响劳动关系是否能够向劳资合作、利益协调的方向发展.本文通过梳理六位国内外学者对这一问题的观点与研究,试图对政府治理路径选择问题做出一些启示性的解读.     

7 A Cultural Critique of Cultural Relativism

A bstract .   This chapter explores a certain line of critical analysis according to which one can proceed to undermine the claim that judgments approving freedom, and standards upholding human rights, are culturally relativistic and cannot possibly have any universal validity. This exploration begins with a scrutiny of common assumptions about the nature of culture itself. The author tries to demonstrate that common misunderstandings of culture have provided ammunition to cultural relativists. Seeking clarity helps strengthen the philosophical objections to normative cultural relativism. The author refers to such a line of analysis as the "cultural critique of cultural relativism."     

The new politics of pressure – the Trades Union Congress and new Labour in government

The TUC’s political role has been in the forefront of its function for most of its history and has revived with the election of new Labour. This article argues that the TUC’s current political approach is unlikely to contribute towards significant union resurgence in the workplace or politically.     

陕南移民文化适应心理干预研究

在陕南移民搬迁过程中,许多移民在文化适应问题隐藏着巨大的社会风险。本文以陈国明的跨越边际跨文化适应理论为依据,强调移民在平等和保持自身文化认同的基础上,形成结合政府、专业机构、志愿者、社区和家庭的多元干预体系,采取心理综合干预、心理健康研讨班和家庭指导等方式,最终实现移民与当地居民和谐相处。     

Progressive Taxes and the Labour Market: Is the Trade–off Between Equality and Efficiency Inevitable?

Does an income tax harm economic efficiency more the more progressive it is? Public economics provides a strong case for a definite ‘yes’. But at least three forces may pull in the other direction. First, low–wage workers may on average have more elastic labour supply schedules than high–wage workers, in which case progressive taxes contribute to a more efficient allocation of the total tax burden. Second, in non–competitive labour markets, progressive taxes may encourage wage moderation, and hence reduce the equilibrium level of unemployment. And third, if wage setters have egalitarian objectives, progressive taxes may reduce the need for redistribution in pre–tax wages, and hence increase the demand for low–skilled workers. This paper surveys the theoretical, as well as the empirical literature about labour supply, taxes and wage setting. We conclude that in a second best world, the trade–off between equality and efficiency is not always inevitable.