核心能力、财务核心能力与企业价值创造

核心能力是确保企业在市场竞争中获得持续竞争优势的关键 ,核心能力的本质特征在于其价值创造性。随着核心能力战略的发展和推动 ,价值成为财务的核心范畴。从价值创造角度将企业能力理论引入公司财务 ,企业财务能力和财务核心能力的提高保证了企业持续竞争优势的延续及核心能力的培育和形成     

基于模块化的先进制造业价值网络构建研究

本文认为,先进制造企业以模块化运作为基础,对自身价值链进行整合,通过构建价值网络为企业融入全球价值链、参与全球竞争提供平台,由此带来整个价值体系的跃迁.文章提出,随着信息技术的发展、知识经济的兴起和经济全球化趋势的加快,柔性化的生产方式和个性化的消费品越来越受到消费者的欢迎.先进制造企业应充分利用模块化和价值网络带来的便利条件,不断提高产品的规模实力,提升企业的技术创新水平.     

The Role of Retail Equity,Value and Relational Benefits in Building B2B Relationships in Retailing

Abstract

The present paper aims to examine if variables widely studied in B2C contribute to building strong relationships in B2B markets. Moreover, it analyzes the existence of differences across retailers related to percentage of purchases from the main supplier. Through a personal survey to retail store managers regarding their relationships with their main suppliers, a structural equation model is estimated through PLS to test the hypothesized relations between retail equity, value, relational benefits, trust, and commitment. A multi-group analysis is performed to test the moderating role of the percentage of purchases from the main supplier. Three types of relational benefits identified have unequal influence on relationship value. In particular, special treatment benefits and social benefits, together with retail equity, emerge as the main drivers of value in the relationship between retailers and their main suppliers. The percentage of purchases from the main supplier plays a moderating role in some of these relations. This research provides evidence in the sense that, in the relations held by retailers with their main suppliers, retail equity contributes to relationship value creation. Relational benefits are relevant in building B2B relations since special treatment and social benefits have a positive influence on value that is positively related to trust and commitment. To build strong relations with their customers, suppliers of retailers should mainly concentrate their efforts on building brand equity and providing evidence of the existence of special treatment benefits beyond the service delivered, in view of its ultimate influence on customer trust and commitment.     

基于价值链的房地产企业核心竞争力分析

运用价值链分析与竞争优势理论方法分析房地产企业创造价值活动的过程,提炼房地产企业创造价值的战略环节和保持竞争优势的源泉,进而归纳和总结了房地产企业的核心竞争力,即战略规划能力、资源整合能力和创新能力。     

信息技术与食品产业竞争力的提升

食品产业竞争力的强弱很大程度的影响着一国的经济。从产业链及产业价值链的相关理论出发,构建了食品产业价值链系统与价值通道体系,并从信息技术的应用对于食品产业价值链体系中产业业务流程重组、业务外包、产业价值链联盟等方面的作用进行分析,突出体现了信息技术在食品产业竞争力提升中的重要作用。     

Ethical Customer Value Creation: Drivers and Barriers

There is a long-standing discussion on the positive interactions between enterprise value creation and business competitiveness. The corporate value can be seen as being created from three major sources within the cycle – from employees, from processes, and from customers or investors through reinvestment. To achieve competitive advantages, a firm must create more value than its competitors in the industry. Emphasizing that, firms should explore the positive drivers of customer value creation, allowing for a true value creation that will lead to increments in competitiveness. In reality, however, there are also barriers that hinder customer value creation. Targeting the above issues that have not yet been explored or analyzed, we have collected related literature at the first stage. Based on these presumable assumptions, this paper then conducts an empirical study by surveying and analyzing the relevance given by the investigated leading machinery measuring equipment firms in Taiwan, regarding the concerns as drivers and barriers in relation to customer value creation. This paper especially aims to answer several key questions: What drivers revolving around employees and processes can facilitate the organization to create more value for its customers? Conversely, what barriers block the organization from creating value for customers in examining the same dimensions? Does value creation direct an organization’s profitability and competitiveness? Our questionnaire survey results show that the most recognized and agreed drivers of customer value creation in consideration of employees are “distinctive skills”, “personal experience”, “learning and training”, and “team work”; and, in regard to the firm’s processes, the key drivers are “innovation and evolution”, “R&;D capability”, and “capability for differentiation”. Conversely, the most recognized and agreed barriers to customer value creation in relation to employees are a “distrustful environment” and “inadequate knowledge”; and, in terms of processes, they are “short of core technology”, “poor resource support”, and “bad services and attitudes”. Furthermore, our in-depth interview outcomes reveal that “capital sufficiency” and “mergers and acquisitions” are in practice considered to be other important customer value creation drivers; in contrast, “cultural and structural barriers” and “short of mechanisms to measure customer value creation effectively” are viewed as additional critical barriers to customer value creation.     

基于价值链的房地产企业核心能力生命周期演化机理

核心能力是企业持续增长的源泉,房地产企业保持持续发展的关键在于通过企业价值链对产业动态变化的感知,然后调整企业内部价值活动,结束原有核心能力的生命周期,完成核心能力的跃迁进入新的生命周期以满足产业动态的更迭的需要。在构建房地产企业价值链的基础上,通过对产业动态和价值链的相互作用分析来探讨房地产企业核心能力生命周期的演化机理。     

信息技术行业企业规模与技术创新关系的实证研究

企业规模是影响技术创新的一个重要因素,研究企业规模与技术创新之间的关系,对国家制定正确的产业政策,具有十分重要的意义。文章结合信息技术行业应用方差分析对企业规模与技术创新之间的关系进行实证研究,实证结果表明：在信息技术行业,企业规模对技术创新具有显著性的影响,中小企业的技术创新水平要大于大规模企业的技术创新水平。因此,应加大对信息技术行业中小企业技术创新的扶持力度,以促进我国整体技术创新水平的提高。     

论产业集群与区域国际竞争力

产业集群是大量企业按照一定的经济联系集中在特定地域范围,形成一个类似生物有机体的产业群落。产业集群与区域国际竞争力关系密切,利用并推进产业集群的发展是提升区域国际竞争力的重要途径。产业集群是凝聚区域竞争力的熔炉,也是政府制定政策和企业制定战略时要特别注意的因素。各级政府应采取基于集群的经济发展战略;以集群整体来看待区域集聚的企业群,培育高级资源要素,优化集群结构;在企业行为方面,应积极引导,规范竞争,促进合作;应放弃重点扶持某些企业的做法,而对不同规模和种类的产业一视同仁。     

态度承诺对关系价值影响作用的实证研究

本文探讨了零售商对供应商的态度承诺如何通过影响控制机制的使用而最终影响零售商从与供应商关系中获得的关系价值.通过对中国家电业251对零售商-供应商关系的问卷调研数据的分析,检验了所提出的概念模型及假设.研究结论表明零售商对供应商的不同类型的态度承诺通过控制机制使用的不同选择能为零售商带来不同的关系价值.这一结论对于零售商如何在不同的态度承诺下选择和使用恰当的控制机制以获得最大的关系价值具有重要的启示作用.     

Organizational Diffusion of Information Technology

Information cxchange within U.S. and Japanese firms is explored. Usage of traditional communication forms (verbal, doc- uments, conferences), FAX, and computer based information technol- ogies (computers, electronic ordering systems, local area networks, point-of-sale systems, and value added networks) are examined. While U.S. firms are found to adopt computer based technologies more aggressively, Japanese firms utilize FAX transmission more. To explain pattern differences, two cultural theories are contrasted. E.T. Hall's communication context theory is more consistent with the findings than Geert Hofstede's work-related values dimensions.     

食品安全风险监测信息化

随着我国经济的不断发展,人们的生活水平不断提高,人们对食品安全的关注程度也越来越高。在本文当中,笔者结合自己的实际工作经验,阐述了当前阶段我国的现状,并以此为基础分析了当前阶段我国食品安全风险检测信息化所存在的问题,并总结了相关的解决策略。     

通过多阶段接近的技术价值评价及模型开发

本文分析了基本的技术价值评价模型,为克服其问题和局限,提出多阶段评价方法,试图接近技术的实际价值。在第一阶段利用DC模型计算工作价值;第二阶段假设在工作价值中无形资产占据的比例按工作类型不同,而推算出无形资产对工作价值的支持度;第三阶段测定技术在整个工作价值中占据的比例;第四阶段为了反映出未来收益的不确定性,而适用了实物选择性模型。这不仅克服了基本评价模型的问题和局限,而且更能接近高不确定性的技术资产的实际价值。     

高科技企业的技术平台及其价值与管理

技术平台是特定范围内的所有产品所共同采用的基本技术构架。它作为产品平台的最低技术标准,决定了企业研发、生产和市场活动的基调。为所有的设计、工程和制造活动提供了线路图,确定了研发、制造与产品之间的互动关系。     

Information Technology and Organizational Practices: An Exploratory Sectoral Analysis

ABSTRACT

Rapid price declines are likely to facilitate the increasing diffusion of information technology (IT) in industrial firms. Recent contributions by Bresnahan et al. (2002), however, have emphasized the interdependence between IT adoption and workplace organization. The present paper undertakes an exploratory analysis of the complementarities between IT adoption and the utilization of modern organizational practices. The analysis considers 3-digit sectoral data on the Brazilian manufacturing industry in 1996. A multivariate statistical analysis of canonical correlation analysis enabled the investigation of the overall relationship amongst a group of variables reflecting IT adoption (comprising the number of microcomputers per employee (median value), the percentage of firms providing computer training for employees, the percentage of firms with Internet connection and the percentage of firms with intranet (internal data communication network)), and amongst another group of variables reflecting the adoption of modern organizational practices (comprised of the percentage of firms adopting total quality management, statistical control of processes, internal just-in-time and improvement groups (Kaizen)). The results indicated a significant association between the two groups of variables, while the individual variables, in the majority of the cases, displayed positive and significant correlations within their own group. The evidence appears to support the perception that the adoption of IT is favored in an environment characterized by the utilization of modern organizational practices.

RESUMEN. Es bien probable que las vertiginosa bajas sufridas por los precios, faciliten la creciente divulgación de la tecnología de la información (TI) en las empresas industriales. Sin embargo, recientes contribuciones de Bresnahan et al. (2002), han recalcado la interdependencia existente entre la adopción de la TI y la organización del entorno de trabajo. El análisis considera datos sectoriales de 3 dígitos sobre la industria fabril brasileña en 1996. La estadística analítica multivariada del análisis de la correlación canónica permitió investigar la relación general entre el grupo de variables que reflejan la adopción de la TI (considerando el número de microcomputadoras por empleado [valor medio], el porcentaje de firmas suministrando entrenamiento en computación a sus empleados, el porcentaje de empresas con conexión a la Internet y el porcentaje de empresas con intranet (red interna de comunicación de datos)), y entre otro grupo de variables que reflejan la adopción de prácticas organizacionales modernas (abarcando el porcentaje de empresas que adoptan la gestión de calidad total, el control estadístico de los procesos, Just-in-time interno y grupos de mejoría (Kaizen)). Los resultados indican la existencia de una asociación significativa entre ambos grupos de variables mientras que, en la mayoría de los casos, las variables individuales mostraron tener importantes correlaciones positivas dentro de su propio grupo. Las pruebas parecen respaldar la percepción de que, la adopción de la TI, favorece la existencia de un entorno que se caracteriza por el uso de prácticas organizacionales modernas.

RESUMO. Rápidos declínios nos preços tendem a facilitar a difus$aUo crescente da tecnologia da informação (TI) nas empresas industriais. Contribuições recentes de Bresnahan et al. (2002), porém, enfatizaram a interdependência entre a adoção da TI e a organização do local de trabalho. Este artigo realiza uma análise exploratória das complement-aridades entre a adoção da TI e a utilização de práticas organizacionais modernas. A análise considera dados setoriais de 3 dígitos sobre o setor industrial brasileiro em 1996. Uma análise estatística multivariáveis de correlações can$oCnicas permitiu a investigação da relação geral entre um grupo de variáveis refletindo a adoção da TI (incluindo o número de microcomputadores por funcionário (valor mediano), a porcentagem de empresas fornecendo treinamento em informática aos funcionários, a porcentagem de empresas conectadas à Internet e a porcentagem de empresas com intranet (rede de comunicação de dados interna)) e outro grupo de variáveis refletindo a adoção de práticas organizacionais modernas (constituídas da porcentagem de empresas que adotam a gestão da qualidade total, o controle estatístico de processos, just-in-time interno e grupos de melhoria (Kaizen)). Os resultados indicaram uma associação significativa entre os dois grupos de variáveis, enquanto as variáveis individuais, na maioria dos casos, exibiram correlações positivas e significativas dentro de seus próprios grupos. Os dados parecem respaldar a percepção de que a adoção da TI é favorecida num ambiente caracterizado pela utilização de práticas organizacionais modernas.     

价值判断与公司竞争力的关系分析

如何提升竞争力是公司非常关心的问题。但是不确定性和决策者的有限理性会影响到公司对竞争战略的价值判断,从而影响到公司的竞争力。运用展望理论和顾客净资产理论对此进行分析,提出一些提升公司竞争力的建议。     

我国区域间产业竞争力比较研究

产业竞争是市场经济和区域竞争最基本的表现之一，具有竞争优势的产业或产业群的形成是区域经济发展的核心，区域产业结构调整的最终目的是为了提高在区域间的产业竞争力。本文通过研制的区域间投入产出联结模型，比较和分析了我国各区域各产业在各区域市场中的占有率情况，以揭示我国当前区域间产业竞争力的总体状况和表现。     

核心竞争力——我国信息服务业发展的战略选择

新世纪,信息服务业将成为科技和经济、社会发展不可或缺的一个重要行业,因此,我国信息服务业的发展备受人们的关注。未来企业的竞争主要是核心竞争力的竞争,我国信息服务业应运用核心竞争力理论,提出其加快发展步伐及培育核心竞争力的措施。     

天津市电子信息产业攀升全球价值链战略研究

本土企业攀升全球价值链不仅是改变产业“低端道路”的路径依赖,也是发展中国家摆脱发达国家“俘获”的重要选择。以天津市电子信息产业为例,从跨国公司市场势力、产业链垂直预占及产业定位三个方面分析制约本土企业产业升级的因素。应明确产业定位、提升产业链创新能力、培育产业合作网络.