全寿命周期视角下采油厂油藏经营效益评价

推行全寿命周期内油藏经营效益评价是采油厂实现科学决策和效益最大化的重要举措。本文从油藏经营效益评价现状出发,引入全寿命周期理论,构建了基于全寿命周期的采油厂油藏经营效益评价模型,以期对采油厂经营效益评价工作有所启示。     

装配式建筑全寿命周期成本效益分析研究

装配式建筑以其工业化生产的优势,在我国得到了大力的推广,目前,基于全寿命周期的装配式建筑的成本效益分析方法的研究还不够深入,本文主要利用全寿命周期理论进行装配式建筑的成本效益分析,从建造成本、 使用成本、 拆除回收成本三方面组成装配式建筑全寿命周期成本,从"四节"层面以及引入碳排放的计算来研究经济、 环境效益,同时,从理论层面上探讨其它效益,从而为装配式建筑全寿命周期经济性研究提供参考,为装配式建筑的推广提供有利的依据.     

基于全寿命周期的产业化全装修住宅成本效益分析

产业化全装修住宅是绿色建筑的主要发展趋势。基于全寿命周期理论,结合实际工程,采用德尔菲法、层次分析法和净现值法对产业化全装修和传统全装修的全寿命周期成本效益进行计算分析。计算结果显示,昂贵的预制成本是影响产业化全装修住宅全寿命周期成本的关键因素。研究表明,因产业化技术不够成熟和产业链不够完整,决策和建安装饰成本偏高,导致产业化全装修住宅的全寿命周期成本高于传统全装修;由于能源消耗较低,预制构配件维修方便,产业化建筑拆除技术先进、回收利用率高,使得产业化全装修住宅全寿命周期运营成本和拆除回收成本较低。因技术效果良好,环境效益和社会效益可观,随着相关技术的不断成熟,全寿命周期成本将得以降低,产业化全装修住宅将成为我国住宅产业的重要形式之一。     

基于全寿命周期的光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)经济评价方法探析

对于光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)项目而言,光伏组件的应用使得建筑项目全寿命周期各阶段的费用与效益产生了很大的变化,尤其是在投资阶段和运营阶段。因此,在对光伏建筑一体化项目进行经济评价时,除了常用的方法之外,需要着重考虑全寿命周期各阶段的费用增量和效益增量,以及碳减排等因素带来的外部经济性。     

钢铁企业固定资产全寿命管理探讨

<正>随着国际金融危机的持续蔓延,世界经济复苏缓慢,国内外钢铁市场供需关系失衡,钢铁工业出现全行业亏损。面对国际金融危机爆发以来的最困难时期,钢铁企业的生存与发展面临巨大考验,这也是企业提高影响力和壮大规模实力的重要考验,而降本增效则是企业打破危机局面最为有效的措施。全寿命周期管理从企业固定资产的全周期全系统角度出发,实现资产的效益最大化,将对钢铁企业的经营管理产生巨大的作用。一、固定资产全寿命周期管理应用     

TOC在建设项目寿命周期成本管理中的应用

随着我国开展的工程项目逐步增多,工程项目的建设规模日渐扩大,项目投资数额剧增。如何有效地控制工程项目的成本,提升项目的效益已是刻不容缓。约束理论(TOC)作为管理学的一种思想方法,已经在制造业等行业中得到应用并产生了显著的效益。工程项目成本管理的特点也为TOC理论的应用提供了空间。本文通过对TOC理论和建设项目全寿命周期成本分析,将TOC理论引入建设项目全寿命周期成本管理中,建立一个动态循环的寿命周期成本管理模型。     

南方电网超高压输电公司资产全寿命周期管理研究

一、资产全寿命周期管理概述 1．资产全寿命周期管理涵义 资产全寿命周期管理（life cycle asset management，LCAM）是在全寿命周期成本（life cyclecost，LCC）基础上发展起来的一个综合性管理概念。     

关于武器装备全寿命周期费用管理的若干思考

文章介绍了武器装备全寿命周期费用管理的概念,指出武器装备全寿命周期最优是研发、采购装备的重要指标,给出全寿命周期的各项费用的估算方法,提出管理措施。     

基于全寿命周期的绿色建筑经济评价体系研究

随着我国经济水平的不断提升，城市化进程越来越快，一系列环境问题日益凸显。绿色建筑有诸多好处，可以在建设过程中降低能耗，但因其建设成本较高，发展较慢。从全寿命周期角度出发，评估其经济性，提升绿色建筑的环保价值和经济效用，可为建筑工程建设提供理论指导。基于此，文章概述了全生命周期及绿色建筑，探索了绿色建筑全寿命周期经济评价体系的构建，最后从三个方面介绍了绿色建筑全寿命周期经济估算，包括经济评价的相关指标、绿色建筑增量费用估算、绿色建筑增量效益估算。     

浅谈资产全寿命管理下的工资、大修成本管理

现阶段河北省电力公司系统资产全寿命周期管理工作,已由理念探索、指标体系搭建阶段转变到了实际应用阶段,利用历史数据开展资产全寿命周期管理评价,是资产全寿命周期成本管理的重要内容.河北超高压公司担负着500kV输变电资产全寿命周期管理数据的收集工作.数据收集的准确与否会直接影响到数据分析、评价的正确性,影响决策.文章基于数据收集和工资、大修成本管理的现状,对影响数据正确收集的原因进行了分析,提出了改进建议.旨在做好500kV输变电资产全寿命周期成本数据收集工作,为资产全寿命周期成本管理工作的有效开展奠定坚实基础.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Export Composition and Manufacturing Employment in the US during the Economic Downturn of 1991-92

This paper examines the effect that export composition had upon manufacturing employment in the US during the 1991 recession. Although it takes, on average, approximately $66 000 in exports to create one job, the exact gains in terms of total employment depend upon the labour-intensity of the products being exported. Foreign sales by the chemical and textile industries result in a far greater increase in employment than exports by the petroleum refining or steel industries. This analysis estimates the employment effects of manufacturing exports over the 1989-95 period, utilizing an input-output model to capture both direct and indirect effects. The results demonstrate that export composition has, at times, both strengthened and reduced demand for labour. Consequently, if job-creation is a national goal, it may be in the interests of the US to promote exports from sectors that are labour-using.