社会学视角下的旅游吸引物及其建构

西方的旅游研究表明,旅游吸引物是一个系统,它往往是人为建构的结果.而旅游吸引物之所以成为吸引物,不仅因为它具有某种特殊的客观属性,同时还因为它具有人为建构的符号属性.本文在分析旅游吸引物的符号属性的基础上,提出旅游吸引物的概念内涵,并从社会建构的角度对其符号化过程进行分析.本文认为,社会学视角下的旅游吸引物建构的过程实质上是意义和价值建构的过程,同时也是旅游吸引物的符号化过程.这一过程随着社会主流价值与理想的变化呈现出不断变化的动态特征.     

文化遗产旅游目的地:形象建构

一、文化遗产:闲置与潜在需求并存幽深的历史,广袤的大地,智慧的民众,这些都为我国成为文化遗产大国提供了条件,文化遗产旅游产品表面上也呈现供过于求的局面。     

云南石林景点导游作为景观的旅游建构

文章在人类学田野调查基础上,以云南石林景点导游作为旅游景观的建构为切入点,梳理20世纪80年代以来政府对民族身份、性别在导游准入、导游管理中的认识和变化,以及导游自身的文化展演和符号行为等,以此呈现人、人的景观被规范到自然景现中,从而成为共同旅游景观的这一实践过程,并透过这一过程反映当地人的旅游实践.同时,在中国的文化背景和脉络下,对大众旅游表现出的不同意涵,该个案希望能提供一些有意义的启示.     

文旅融合背景下广西壮族旅游符号的建构研究

“壮族三月三”是广西推动文化旅游业发展的资源纽带,文章基于旅游符号学的视角分析“壮族三月三”这一文旅品牌,从生产、互动和消费三个维度深入探讨“壮族三月三”旅游符号建构策略,以期为广西文化和旅游产业的深度融合提供指导,推动“壮族三月三”符号经济可持续发展。     

全球化背景下的中国旅游总体形象建构

对于任何一个旅游目的地而言,良好的形象有助于其旅游业的发展.纵观全球,许多旅游业发达国家和地区都将旅游总体形象的塑造作为发展旅游业的重要手段,随之产生了许多耳熟能详的旅游形象宣传口号,如新西兰的\"100%纯粹新西兰\"(100%Pure New Zealand)、新加坡的\"非常新加坡\"(Unique Singapore)等,这些口号在本国旅游业发展中起到了不可忽视的推动作用.     

基于地方情感的旅游目的地选择模型建构研究

旅游目的地选择模型建构的研究多数以微观经济学、认知心理学与市场营销学等为基础理论,较少从个体与地方感情连结的视角探讨游客旅游目的地选择决策行为。文章以旅游目的地选择为研究主轴概念,结合地方情感概念中的旅游目的地意象和地方依恋,根据研究文献梳理结果、基础理论界定模型建构的路径变量与逻辑框架,进而提出基于地方情感的旅游目的地选择模型及模型过程步骤。文章建构模型表明,游客旅游目的地选择始于旅游目的地意象的形成,随着整体认知意象的深化,游客对旅游目的地将产生地方认同感,再通过选择决策行为选择意向的旅游目的地从事旅游活动,通过对旅游目的地旅游体验的功能满足产生依赖感,最终形成对旅游目的地的地方依恋感。研究成果对于旅游目的地选择具有交叉研究的创新价值,对于旅游目的地市场战略规划实践活动而言具有参照价值。     

中外国际旅游城市网络旅游信息国际友好度比较研究

随着国际旅游业的发展,我国许多城市明确提出了建设国际旅游城市的发展目标.本文尝试提出网络营销国际友好度的概念,从英文旅游信息总量、英文旅游信息质量,以及各旅游城市的官方旅游网站的国际友好度,来分析世界知名的国际旅游城市与我国国际旅游城市网络营销时面对境外游客所呈现出来的信息友好程度.通过对比,分析中外国际旅游城市在互联网上面向全球客源进行竞争和宣传的不同和相似,帮助国内旅游城市在走向国际化的过程中,能够有效运用国际互联网构建一个长期高效的对外旅游信息体系,降低开拓国际旅游的成本,吸引更多的海外游客.     

中国出境旅游发展及其影响的初步研究

出境旅游持续快速增长,国际旅游双流格局渐次形成,是当前中国旅游业国际化的主要表现.出境旅游发展会改变国际旅游收支关系,但是,即使出现旅游赤字,也不一定对宏观经济产生负面作用.出境旅游发展会刺激中国入境旅游增长,促进旅游企业的跨国经营,有利于提升中国旅游产业的整体素质.当前,政府无需对出境旅游加以直接规制,但需要采取多种跟进措施.     

Travel queries on cities in the United States: Implications for search engine marketing for tourist destinations

Given the growing importance of search in online travel planning, marketers need to better understand the behavioural aspect of search engines use. Built upon a number of previous studies, the goal of this research is to identify patterns in online travel queries across tourist destinations. Utilizing transaction log files from a number of search engines, the analysis shows important patterns in the way travel queries are constructed as well as the commonalities and differences in travel queries about different cities in the United States. The ratio of travel queries among all queries about a specific city seems to associate with the “touristic” level of that city. Also, keywords in travelers' queries reflect their knowledge about the city and its competitors. This paper offers insights into the way tourism destinations are searched online as well as implications for search engine marketing for destinations.     

The Effects of Travel Agent Characteristics on the Development of Trust: A Contingency View

Abstract

Trust is a key factor in the establishment of long-term relationships between travel agents and their customers. Prior research across service industries has documented that both “person-related” (e.g., empathy, politeness, and customer/service representative similarity) and “offer-related” (e.g., customization, competence, reliability, and promptness) service representative characteristics have an impact upon trust. However, the relative importance of these characteristics, and in some cases the direction of their relationships with trust has varied across studies. In this paper, we posit a contingency model of trust, suggesting that within the travel agency industry, the effects of the above variables on trust will be moderated by length of customer/service provider relationship. Our model is tested in a business-to-business context by means of a mail survey involving 487 small business owners. The small business owners provided data about their relationships with their travel industry service providers (i.e., agents). Our results demonstrate how corporate travel agencies can work toward the establishment of trust with their clients under varying market conditions.     

Understanding Travel Constraints Among the Elderly in Hong Kong: A Comparative Study of the Elderly Living in Private and in Public Housing

This study aims to test the influence of constraints on travel of the elderly in Hong Kong and to compare perceived travel constraints of Hong Kong seniors in public and in private housing based on the hierarchical leisure constraints model. Face-to-face questionnaire interviews were conducted from December 2013 to April 2014. A total of 415 participants completed the interview successfully. Despite sharing the similar factor structure of the leisure constraints model, the two groups varied significantly in travel behavior, six constraint items, and seven regression paths.     

Cross-Cultural Differences in Social Identity Formation through Travel Blogging

Blogs are an Internet application that continues to grow in popularity. Many blogs contain travel-related postings and, thus, are of importance for researchers and practitioners in the tourism field. Differences in blog use have been found across different cultures. This study seeks to test whether social identity theory can explain some of the differences in extent and type of blog use. A sample of 120 travel blogs written by Korean and U.S. bloggers about three different destinations (Paris, Hawaii, and Tokyo) was analyzed. The results show significant differences that fit the assumptions derived from social identity theory.     

基于聚类分析的旅行社专线产品市场竞争态势研究——以四川省内游为例

旅行社专线产品是目前旅行社产品存在的主要形式,对其市场竞争态势的研究具有重要现实意义.此文以四川省省内游旅行社专线产品为对象,在大量数据调查的基础上,基于聚类分析研究了内游旅行社专线产品的主要构成类型,提出了相关的启示.     

旅游手机网络营销初探

手机高度便携的特点和手机上网技术的快速发展,为旅游者在旅游过程中查询所需的旅游信息提供了方便。目前,提供旅游信息手机上网查询服务的专业手机网站和手机软件已初具规模,这为旅游营销提供了新的平台,旅游手机网络营销得以快速发展。本文描述了我国旅游信息手机上网查询服务的现状,分析了旅游手机网络营销的特点,指出了目前存在的问题,预测了未来的发展趋势,并提出了相应的对策。     

Determinants of Domestic Travel Expenditure in South Korea

Summary

This study examines factors affecting domestic Korean tourist expenditure per person. Independent variables include family size, Per Capita Gross National Product (GNP), number of cars, number of working hours, number of years of education, previous year's domestic travel expenditure, and exchange rate. A 21-year historical data were used in the study. Two estimation methods, principal components regression and ridge regression, were employed in this study to eliminate the problems of multicollinearity caused by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The empirical results show that number of working hours, family size, and number of years of education turned out to be important factors affecting domestic travel expenditure.     

社会网络视角下旅游线路研究——以新疆为例

多目的地旅游已成为当前一种重要的出行方式,因此,合理设置和安排旅游线路是旅游市场供需双方共同关注的焦点。但以往的研究仍停留在线路的描述上,未能对其成因进行系统阐释。在梳理和评述相关文献的基础上,文章以新疆目的地网络为例,进行问卷调查,并利用社会网络视角及分析方法,通过整体网和个体网两个层面探寻旅游线路形成的内在机理。网络分析结果表明,新疆已初步形成以喀纳斯为中心的目的地网络,而以中心度和结构洞为代表的目的地网络结构特征是多样化旅游线路形成的关键所在。研究结论对现有旅游线路研究在理论、研究方法和实践方面有重要启示和指导意义。