内需不足与预防性储蓄动机的关联性分析

本文从理论入手,结合数据和实际事例分析了内需不足与预防性储蓄动机之间的关联性,指出后者并非是造成内需不足的根本原因;提出的建议是建立更好的国内商业环境,提高企业的竞争力、信用、社会责任感.     

内需不足的原因及对策分析

近几年,我国的市场供求格局发生了根本性的转变,出现了总供给大于总需求的现象。这种经济现象在我国现阶段是制度变迁的必然结果。因此,内需不足的深层次原因必然与体制因素紧密相联。事实上,内需的不足和体制改革存在一种互为因果的关系,内需不足会影响到改革的进程,改变这一状况的根本出路在于采取具体的措施刺激内需的同时进一步深化经济体制改革。     

基于消费率和消费结构的扩大消费对策分析

靠投资驱动的经济增长模式造成内需不足,一段时间内出口需求弥补了内需不足、消费需求不足,但随着外部需求的萎缩国内需求不足的问题重新凸显,而扩大内需最有潜力的方向是扩大消费需求。消费需求不足的表现是多方面的,诸多表现可以从消费率偏低和消费结构的不合理得到合理解释。因此,从消费率和消费结构变化两个角度出发来分析消费需求不振的原因,对于探讨如何扩大消费需求具有重大意义。     

扩大内需观点综述

一、关于内需不足根本原因的问题一种观点认为“改革不完备是导致内需不足的根本原因”,即改革开放以来,我国经济取得了长足的进步,但仍处于发展中国家的落后水平。我国目前需求不足重要是建立在大多数消费者需求得不到满足的基础上,居民想要要不到,企业想卖卖不出,导致这种需求不足的根本原因在于改革的不完备。另一种观点认为“农民收入和农村消费水平偏低是内需不足的根本原因”。即我国在计划经济体制下形成的城乡二元结构,已成为经济发展和社会全面进步的主要因素。农民收入和农村消费水平偏低是导致内需不足的根本原因。我国小农生产…     

税负账 90%的税通过企业征收

企业重税依附在终端商品价格里，造成物价过高，内需不足，反过来影响食业生存。     

发展现代服务业与扩大内需

从现阶段中国内需不足的表现入手,探索造成需求不足的原因,并通过系统的分析发展现代服务业对扩大内需的直接影响,提出应该从积极发展现代服务业、不断改善供给结构、逐步实现产业结构升级等方面促进经济快速增长和提高居民收入水平,从而扩大国内需求,缓解内需不足给中国经济发展带来的各种负面影响,从而实现中国经济健康、快速的发展.     

“绝对收入假说”与低收入阶层现期收入的提高

现阶段制约我国经济发展的重要因素是内需不足,特别是居民消费需求不足。凯恩斯的“绝对收入假说”认为当前消费取决于当前的收入。要解决消费需求不足问题应该从调节收入分配入手,特别是提高当前低收入阶层的收入水平就成了当务之急。     

"绝封收入假說"舆低收入階層现期收入的提高

现阶段制约我国经济发展的重要因素是内需不足,特别是居民消费需求不足.凯恩斯的"绝对收入假说"认为当前消费取决于当前的收入.要解决消费需求不足问题应该从调节收入分配入手,特别是提高当前低收入阶层的收入水平就成了当务之急.     

新农村建设中“万户千乡”市场工程的经济学分析

内需不足成为影响中国经济长期发展的主要因素,而农村市场发育滞后又是内需不足的原因,这成为近期商务部启动"万村千乡"市场工程的直接诱因。本文从交易费用角度分析该工程建设的经济原因、运行的效果和存在的问题,并从政府扶持、企业建设、品牌建设上提出建议。     

如何全方位地启动内需

中国此次内需不足是因为各方面原因造成的,因而启动内需需要有多种举措的配套,本文对投资需求(包括民生投资、生产性投资、资产投资)、消费需求(包括收入性消费、信贷性消费、预期性消费),作了全方位的分析及对策建议.     

浅论建立健全中小企业会计制度的必要性

中小企业是我国经济发展的基础,有很多的优点,但其组织制度及管理水平还有待提高.本文就建立健全中小企业会计制度的必要性进行简要的分析.     

论自我利益与社会利益间的博弈

2008年发生了太多的事件,三聚氰胺等食品安全事件、美国家乐福踩踏事件、湖南郴州腐败案等。每一个事件都不得不让人思考:人究竟需要什么?人为什么会产生这样或那样的行为?同样的需求,为何人们表现出千差万别的行为?以马斯洛需求层次理论为代表的传统理论似乎不能解释这一切。笔者尝试着通过对大量的实例分析及结合多种理论来论述人们产生这样或那样的行为是由于自我利益与社会利益间的博弈结果。     

A new direction to better understand post-adoption behavior: The theory of need for information systems

A comprehensive review of the information systems literature suggests that the traditional perception–intention–usage framework may be deficient in explaining post-adoption behaviors. As an effort to fill this gap, the current paper presents a new theory – the theory of need for information systems (TNIS) – and introduces two new constructs – need for technology and need for information. Drawing on the needs-based perspective on behaviors, TNIS conceptualizes these two need constructs as the key predictors of continuance intention and usage. The current paper also discusses useful insights, important implications, and an appropriate instrument for measuring the two new constructs. This study thus contributes to a novel framework to advance theoretical understanding of post-adoption behaviors and to direct future research toward new avenues.     

Financial Services are Emerging

With the rapid development of China＇s economy and the growing need for financial services, both domestic and foreign banks hope to offer the right products and expand their business. These financial products are not limited to normal deposits or loans,but also include new items,such as cash management services,trade finance and supply chain financing solutions,etc.In recent years,these new services have become more and more recognized by customers＇ as Chinese commercial banks focus on developing trade finance,supply chain financing solutions,and cash management services.     

电子商务第三方网络平台存在的问题与对策研究

近年来国内电子商务日益普及,交易量增加迅猛,但是电子商务的运用在对外贸易方面不如内贸发展速度快,特别是在第三方网络平台的建设方面还存在诸多问题。交易平台是电子商务的核心部分,负有多重职责,除了提供信息、进行产品展示外,还具有结算和信用评价等多重作用。运用这个平台进行交易可以大大降低成本和费用,可以帮助企业完成从工业时代以产定销向信息时代的大规模定制、柔性化生产和个性化营销的升级。     

Centrality of visual product aesthetics,tactile and uniqueness needs of fashion consumers

The purposes of this study were to determine whether fashion consumer groups (fashion followers, fashion innovators, fashion opinion leaders and innovative communicators) differ in centrality of visual product aesthetics, consumers' need for uniqueness and need for touch, and to examine possible correlations among these variables. Fashion design and merchandizing students completed the following scales: Need for Touch, Consumers' Need for Uniqueness, Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics, Measure of Fashion Innovativeness and Opinion Leadership plus demographic information. Innovative communicators had a greater need for uniqueness than followers and opinion leaders, but not than innovators. Fashion followers scored lower on Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics than did innovative communicators, innovators and opinion leaders. There was no difference in Need for Touch among fashion consumer groups. Scores on Need for Touch were positively correlated with scores on Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics and Consumers' Need for Uniqueness. Scores on Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics were positively correlated with scores on Consumers' Need for Uniqueness. Scores on Fashion Innovativeness and Opinion Leadership were positively correlated with scores on Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics and Consumers' Need for Uniqueness. Scores on Fashion Innovativeness and Opinion Leadership were not significantly correlated with those on Need for Touch. Fashion consumer groups did differ in centrality of visual product aesthetics and need for uniqueness, but not in need for touch.     

The mediation effects of consumers’ need recognition and pre-purchase evaluation in consumers’ decision-making on purchasing safe street food: The case in Nakhon Si Thammarat,Thailand

Nakhon Si Thammarat province is one of the largest cities in Thailand and offers various types of street foods in the city. However, the number of street vendors that pass food safety certification is very low. Nevertheless, there are many consumers who still purchase street food because of their lifestyle who are exposed to food safety risks. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate how consumers make their decisions about the safety of the street food. This study investigates the importance of the need recognition and pre-purchase evaluation stages in consumers’ decision-making in relation to their purchasing of safe street food. The results from the structural equation modeling analysis found that, at 95%, the confidential need recognition would act as a partial mediator between consumers’ motivation → pre-purchase evaluation on purchasing safe food and consumers’ food safety knowledge → pre-purchase evaluation. In turn, pre-purchase evaluation would act as a full mediator between consumers’ motivation and safe street food purchasing. The findings signify that the stages of need recognition and pre-purchase evaluation in the decision-making process are important in order to reduce consumers' food risk while purchasing street food. Therefore, encouraging consumers to recognize the importance of purchasing safe food and convincing them to be concerned when selecting food is necessary to prevent consumers from unsafe food consumption.     

Horseshoes, global supply chains, and an emerging Chinese threat: Creating remedies one idea at a time

The horseshoe shape offers a model from which the complex relationships currently linking most Chinese and United States supply chain partners can be productively visualized. Wielded metaphorically, the horseshoe also illustrates how a momentous global trend may be rising within many Chinese-American supply chains, and why that trend might impose serious threats against United States economic interests for years to come. Because the trend exists independent of almost all domestic firms’ potential responses, only rarely can an associated domestic threat be eliminated within a particular United States/Chinese supply chain. Most United States firms possess a critical capability that could diminish the force of the emerging Chinese threat: the ability to manage and execute key supply chain functions more creatively. As the horseshoe illustrates, many domestic firms may soon be compelled to become more creative. To address this need, a supply chain creativity matrix model is developed in this article. The model demonstrates how domestic supply chain firms can stimulate and identify superior ideas amongst their managerial and subordinate ranks, therefore expanding the firm's creative efficiency in the strategic execution of key supply chain functions. Those firms should be better able to defend themselves against these emerging Chinese threats.     

企业在营销运作中的法律问题分析

企业在开展营销活动和解决与营销运作相关的法律问题的过程中,普遍认识到法律因素对营销活动具有关键性影响作用。为此,企业营销的法律意识在不断提高,营销人员的法律素养在不断进步,同时,面对目前国内市场营销法律环境,企业营销活动中仍存在许多突出的法律问题。企业在制定适当的营销策略时,站在企业的角度,对目前国内营销运作中的相关法律问题的形成和特点进行分析,并结合企业营销中需要注意的问题,为企业提出建议。     

To be respected or liked: The influence of social comparisons on consumer preference for competence- versus warmth-oriented products

Consumers frequently compare themselves with others and find themselves to be inferior or superior to the comparison targets. This article examines the effect of social comparisons on the relative focus of self-efficacy and relationship needs and the subsequent impact on consumers’ preference for competence- versus warmth-oriented products. Across six studies, we show that upward comparisons (i.e., comparisons with superior targets) result in feelings of self-threat, which heighten the need for self-efficacy and increase the preference for products that convey competence. In contrast, downward comparisons (i.e., comparisons with inferior targets) elicit feelings of social distress, which heighten the need for social relationships and increase the preference for products that convey warmth. These effects are mitigated when the comparison is made in a social skill-related domain and when the comparison target is an out-group member.