集群式供应链企业间的信任度分析

信任是集群式供应链企业成功合作的基石。在集群内受到企业追求利益、企业间信息不对称以及监管机制不完善等因素的影响，降低了企业合作的信任度。采取收益惩罚的机制或是多边不合作的惩罚机制，将加大企业违约的机会成本，从而制约企业的违约行为；另一方面。建立健全行业协会组织。减少违约行为产生的土壤；完善集群式供应链的激励机制以提高企...     

供应链协同管理信息失真与对策

供应链协同管理过程中的信息不对称主要源于两个方面,一是信息供给的不对称,二是信息认知的不对称。随着供应链发展日趋完善,架构日趋复杂,系统性更强,供应链环节中的不稳定因素及风险性也逐渐显露,特别是作为供应链沟通载     

需求信息不对称下的供应链协调

分析了单供应商和单零售商组成的供应链在需求信息不对称下的协调问题。当市场规模和价格敏感系数同时预测偏差时．为使供应链收益最大,提出了调整生产计划和零售价格的协调机制。进一步证明了利用数量折扣机制可协调需求预测偏差下的分权供应链．而且该机制还实现了供应链收益在供应商和零售商间的任意分配。最后进行了实例分析。     

多元视角下的旅游供应链协调机制研究

文章通过对旅游供应链存在问题分析,结合旅游供应链的独有特点,选取了供应链中的产品流、信息流、资金流、知识流为协调机制要素,结合契约理论、市场信息不对称理论等对旅游产品的推动协调模式、信息不对称的"逆向选择"、旅游企业资金收益等问题进行相关探讨,构建了针对旅游供应链中的产品、信息、资金和知识的协调机制,通过旅游产品的推拉模式、信息平台的构建、旅行社与旅游产品供应商的收益模型及知识分享等手段实现旅游供应链的有效运行。     

不对称信息的供应链激励机制研究

研究由单个制造商和单个零售商组成二级供应链,基于市场需求是线性的,且受价格与销售努力的影响。首先,研究在对称信息下,集中模式和分散模式两种情况下的供应链,求出制造商和零售商使得利润达到最优时的最优批发价及销售价;其次,研究了在信息不对称情况下,制造商的机制设计问题,得到了制造商激励批发价的表达式以及零售商的最优零售价的公式;最后利用实例仿真对模型进行分析,结果表明该激励机制对整个供应链的收益有改善作用。     

信息类假设对供应链协同机制研究的影响

通过分析信息确定性和信息对称假设下博弈结果产生的诸多不合理现象,发现供应链协同基本模型的信息类假设虽然能为研究者提供较便捷的模型求解过程,呈现供应链运作机理较快速和直观的解释,但却存在零售商零利润与参与激励、长期市场与短期假设、生产商零激励与零售商追求市场准确信息、博弈均衡与结果对扰动的超敏感性、成员理性与不合作等诸多矛盾。进而基于需求预测的准确性、需求波动的存在性、信息不对称的干扰等方面的深入分析,给出了矛盾产生的内在原因和解决策略,从而为供应链协同机制研究提供理论支持。     

信息类假设对供应链协同机制研究的影响

通过分析信息确定性和信息对称假设下博弈结果产生的诸多不合理现象,发现供应链协同基本模型的信息类假设虽然能为研究者提供较便捷的模型求解过程,呈现供应链运作机理较快速和直观的解释,但却存在零售商零利润与参与激励、长期市场与短期假设、生产商零激励与零售商追求市场准确信息、博弈均衡与结果对扰动的超敏感性、成员理性与不合作等诸多矛盾.进而基于需求预测的准确性、需求波动的存在性、信息不对称的干扰等方面的深入分析,给出了矛盾产生的内在原因和解决策略,从而为供应链协同机制研究提供理论支持.     

需求依赖价格和提前期的供应链协同分析

基于对价格和提前期敏感的需求,在一个两阶段供应链系统中,构建了Stackelberg博弈和收益共享两种决策模型,通过算例比较需求率和供应链总体收益,讨论了两种情况下对供应链协同的影响。     

供应链中不对称市场信息的共享机制研究

本文通过简单的模型分析,指出由于供应链内部企业的收益取决于相互之间的权威分配,而不对称市场信息的共享将会改变原有权威分配结构,从而在一定程度上影响了供应链内部基于市场信息共享实现帕雷托优化的可能,导致信息共享机制不具备自实现性,只能通过有偿方式强制实现。     

基于信任机理的信息共享式供应链系统模型

合作伙伴间信任关系的博弈分析说明长期合作带来的收益会诱使双方继续合作．从而建立相互信任的关系。信任、合作与信息共享之间是相互促进的作用，基于信任机理的信息共享型供应链管理模型，解决了合作各成顶间信息不对称的问题，同时供应链信任关系的长久性需要合理的利益分配机制与具有法律效应的合同约束机制来保证。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.