共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Goodale TK 《Fund raising management》2001,32(9):40-41
The benefits offered by a feasibility study are considerable. Not only does it enable an organization to set a realistic campaign goal, but it can also help with the more inexact science of assessing the fund-raising climate. 相似文献
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Mariannunziata Liguori Mariafrancesca Sicilia Ileana Steccolini 《Public Management Review》2013,15(7):903-922
Abstract Over the last decades the process of modernization in the public sector has fostered the adoption of new accounting techniques, such as accrual accounting and non-financial performance measurement systems. The purpose of this paper is to test hypotheses on the different perceptions of politicians and managers as to the importance of performance information. Our findings suggest that politicians’ and managers’ views on the importance of performance information are more similar than expected. They also show that accounting innovations are in some cases embraced with enthusiasm (non-financial performance), whereas in other cases they are hardly recognized (e.g. accrual accounting). 相似文献
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Edward Stead Michael M. McKinney Jean Garner Stead 《Business Strategy and the Environment》1998,7(5):261-270
A historical review of the ways business organizations in the United States have responded to demands that they improve their environmental performance reveals two clear outcomes: firms that effectively institutionalize improved environmental performance can garner significant strategic advantages for their efforts, and firms that do not often suffer severe legal consequences. Thus, institutionalization is a pivotal organizational process which determines whether a firm's environmental performance results in improved operating efficiency and market opportunities or in increased legal and regulatory hassles. In this paper, we use a survey and case-law review to investigate the degree to which improved environmental performance is being institutionalized in US firms and to determine what the potential legal consequences are for firms that fail to achieve such institutionalization. Our findings suggest that firms in US industry have made considerable efforts to institutionalize improved environmental performance, but they still have a long way to go. Unfortunately, our findings also suggest that failing to effectively institutionalize environmental performance has the potential for dire consequences, such as jail terms for strategic managers for environmental violations by subordinates. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. 相似文献
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Ismail Saglam 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》2017,40(1-2):335-349
In this paper, we introduce a new two-person bargaining solution, which we call iterated Kalai–Smorodinsky–Nash compromise (IKSNC). For its characterization, we present an axiom called \(\varGamma \)-Decomposability which is satisfied by any solution that is decomposable with respect to a given reference solution \(\varGamma \). We show that the IKSNC solution is uniquely characterized by \(\varGamma \)-Decomposability whenever \(\varGamma \) satisfies the standard axioms of Independence of Equivalent Utility Representations and Symmetry, along with three additional axioms, namely Restricted Monotonicity of Individually Best Extensions, Weak Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives, and Weak Pareto Optimality under Symmetry. 相似文献
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Coren S 《Fund raising management》1998,29(2):14-18
Now in its 12th year, Tele-Response Center Inc. raises funds and awareness through donor acquisition, renewal/cultivation and lapsed donor campaigns, direct mail follow up, special events, advertising sales for non-profit publications, and volunteer recruitment campaigns. 相似文献
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We show that the distribution of any portfolio whose components jointly follow a location–scale mixture of normals can be characterised solely by its mean, variance and skewness. Under this distributional assumption, we derive the mean–variance–skewness frontier in closed form, and show that it can be spanned by three funds. For practical purposes, we derive a standardised distribution, provide analytical expressions for the log-likelihood score and explain how to evaluate the information matrix. Finally, we present an empirical application in which we obtain the mean–variance–skewness frontier generated by the ten Datastream US sectoral indices, and conduct spanning tests. 相似文献
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Robert M. O’Brien 《Quality and Quantity》2011,45(6):1429-1444
In general the age–period–cohort (APC) conundrum refers to the problem of separating the effects of age-groups, periods, and
cohorts. This formulation, however, fails to differentiate two fundamental problems in APC analysis: (1) the problem of the
complete confounding of the linear effects of age with the effects of period and cohort, the linear effects of cohorts with
period and age, and the linear effects of period with age and cohort; and (2) the problem of model identification. We elucidate
both problems and show how the first problem makes the partitioning of variance between cohort effects, period effects, and
age effects and the deviation of their effects from linearity problematic even when these approaches do not suffer from the
problems associated with model identification. We conclude by examining the affects of this linear confounding on estimates
of the individual effect coefficients for age-groups, periods, and cohorts when a linear constraint it imposed on the matrix
of independent variables to produce an identifiable model. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Eppel 《Public Management Review》2013,15(7):881-902
Abstract It is not unusual for public management systems to be ‘caught by surprise’ when events unfold which had not been anticipated in policy processes. An empirical example from New Zealand is used to show the contribution complexity theory has to make to helping public management scholars and practitioners understand the origin of surprises and anticipate them. This illustrative case identifies a number of unforeseen events in tertiary education, their origins and effects through a complexity-informed lens. These self-organizing changes can be the source of unwanted surprises (unknown unknowns) which require complexity-compatible approaches to their anticipation and management. 相似文献
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In this paper we investigate the question of how many coalitions of a given relative size would block a non-Warlasian allocation in large finite economies. It is shown that in finite economies, if a Pareto optimal allocation is bounded away from being Walrasian, then, for any two numbers α and β between 0 and 1, the proportion of blocking coalitions in the set of all coalitions with relative size between α and β, is arbitrarily close to 1/2, as the number of individuals in the economy becomes large. 相似文献
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The industrial relations (IR) literature has changed notably from the early 1960s until the late 1990s. Yet it has retained an externalist flavor — a sense that the key variables determining outcomes are often outside the control of firm-level actors. However, the kind of externalism found in the modern IR literature differs notably from that of the past. Externalism today is seen as labor market and personal variables — often in an econometric formulation — rather than grand social forces. Generally, the IR literature has moved toward sophisticated empiricism and toward a labor economics paradigm. To the extent that the older grand themes remain, they are more likely to be found in IR books rather than in academic journals. Human resource (HR) academics and practitioners can nonetheless benefit from the IR approach, even though the tyranny of tenure review has made journal articles in IR less readable. The IR literature emphasizes that labor–market forces, sometimes stemming from product and financial markets, matter to HR outcomes. And it regards conflict more as a source of information rather than just a cause of lost productivity. 相似文献
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《The North American Journal of Economics and Finance》2004,15(2):249-264
This is a study of exchange market pressure against the pound sterling during the inter-war period. The main findings are that (a) the behavior of U.K. fundamentals relative to those of the U.S.A. helps to explain exchange market pressure against the pound; (b) during the run-up to devaluation in September 1931 the monetary authorities in the U.K. were acting to reduce domestic credit; but (c) additional pressure was brought against the pound from speculative sources. These findings relate to current thinking on the choice of exchange rate regime as even well-behaved fundamentals may not be sufficient to sustain a currency on its peg. 相似文献
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Ana Lozano-Vivas Subal C. Kumbhakar Meryem Duygun Fethi Mohamed Shaban 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2011,36(3):247-261
The European banking industry is becoming increasingly consolidated as banks engage in domestic and cross-border merger and
acquisition (M&A) activities. Due to cultural differences in cross-border consolidations, the benefits of domestic and cross-border
consolidations are likely to differ. This paper examines the effectiveness of merger processes, with a detailed analysis of
both domestic and cross-border consolidations in Europe from 1998 to 2004. Effectiveness is measured via several criteria:
improvement in costs, return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE). To analyze potential cost efficiency improvement,
we use a stochastic cost frontier approach. The same methodology is used for ROA and ROE to estimate efficiency in profitability.
Finally, considering cross-border mergers as a form of entry, we carry out an analysis of the entry effect in response to
the performance and profitability of the incumbent market participants. Results show that mergers in the European banking
industry have been effective. Although domestic M&As are more common than cross-border M&As, banks involved in cross-border
M&As are more efficient. Moreover, cross-border merged banks seem to outperform incumbent banks. 相似文献
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Raquel Puente Carlos Giovanni González Espitia María Antonia Cervilla 《Entrepreneurship & Regional Development》2013,25(9-10):953-983
ABSTRACTEntrepreneurship literature takes for granted the motivation dichotomy; however, this simplistic view have been criticised for several studies because it likely does an injustice to entrepreneurs, particularly Latin America (LA) entrepreneurs. This study seeks to contribute to the body of knowledge on entrepreneurs to better explain the process of entrepreneurs being motivated by necessity. We use the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database for LA countries and develop an econometric model based on a set of variables, including contextual variables. First, we identify three types of entrepreneurial motivation: necessity, opportunity and transition. We then demonstrate that the motivation dichotomy does not represent LA entrepreneurship. Second, we find that necessity-driven entrepreneurship does not necessarily indicate the absence of high growth aspirations because some entrepreneurs in this category have such aspirations. Third, we observe that significant differences exist among entrepreneurs based on context, specifically among necessity-driven entrepreneurs. These findings have practical implications for research on entrepreneurship and for regional development. 相似文献