农户农地经营权抵押贷款影响因素研究

本文运用包含交互项的Logit模型分析了土地规模、收入水平及其交互作用对农户农地经营权抵押贷款需求的影响.结果表明,土地规模、收入水平对农户农地经营权抵押贷款需求具有极为显著的正向影响;当农户收入较低时,农户对农地经营权抵押贷款的需求随土地规模的扩大而提高;当农户家庭土地规模处于较小规模时,随着农户收入水平的提高,农户对农地经营权抵押贷款的需求并不会提高.研究还发现了影响农户农地经营权抵押贷款需求的其他主要因素.针对结论,未来仍需不断加大农地经营权抵押贷款业务的宣传力度;针对农户需求差异,可适当结合当地农户有效融资需求划分差异性贷款额度,充分发挥抵押贷款对较高收入农民的有效性;针对大规模经营农户,依据其经营能力和还款能力实施农业生产专项抵押贷款,适当放宽还款时限.     

农村承包地经营权抵押贷款业务评价及影响因素——基于金融机构客户经理视角

根据客户经理调查数据,运用有序probit模型对金融机构办理承包地经营权抵押贷款业务评价及其影响因素进行了实证分析.结果表明,客户经理对承包地经营权抵押贷款业务评价较高;抵押品估值难易程度、处置抵押物收益弥补贷款违约本息程度、风险评估机构与体系是否健全、地方政府部门是否扶持、担保体系是否完善以及市场竞争压力大小是决定金融机构业务评价的主要因素.研究还发现,信用记录、土地经营面积、土地承包经营权价值对贷款申请人获批贷款具有决定性影响.基于结论提出:加大政府扶持力度,鼓励更多优质抵押物进入承包地经营权抵押贷款业务中,鼓励良性竞争,完善金融担保体系,深化客户管理模式、进行客户信用评级,并建立规范健全的风险评估机构与体系等建议.     

农村土地承包经营权抵押贷款意义与设想

由于传统农业完成资本积累不够,在发展现代农业上存在资金短缺和融资困难,本文提出以开展土地承包经营权抵押贷款来解决部分现代农业发展中的资金困难,以及开展土地承包经营权抵押贷款的意义和操作设想.     

异质性农户对农地抵押贷款的响应意愿及影响因素——基于东海试验区2640户农户的调查

本文基于江苏省农村综合改革试点县和全国农村土地承包经营权流转规范化管理服务试点县——东海县2640户农户的调查数据,采用logistic模型,实证检验了新型农业经营主体与传统小农户对地方政府顶层设计的现行农地抵押贷款的响应意愿及影响因素.研究结果表明:经济特征因素、区位因素、土地流转特征因素都是新型农业经营主体与传统小农户参与农地抵押贷款行为导向的重要因素;个人特征因素对农户参与农地抵押贷款行为影响甚微;而经济因素和土地流转因素对两类异质性农业经营主体的影响具有显著差异.     

银行视角下农村土地承包经营权抵押融资探析

随着2014年中央一号文件的出台,农村土地承包经营权抵押融资问题再次引起广泛的关注。当前农村土地承包经营权抵押融资面临着法律禁止和政策突破的矛盾。在这个背景下,推行土地承包经营权抵押融资亦面临着一些不容忽视的困难,如抵押融资渠道不足、银行业金融机构面临高风险、相关配套机制不完善等。这就需要通过完善相关配套机制、完善以风险管理为核心的土地承包经营权抵押贷款银行管理体制、探索土地承包经营权抵押担保新模式等措施突破困境。     

农村土地承包经营权抵押贷款意义与设想

由于传统农业完成资本积累不够,在发展现代农业上存在资金短缺和融资困难,本文提出以开展土地承包经营权抵押贷款来解决部分现代农业发展中的资金困难,以及开展土地承包经营权抵押贷款的意义和操作设想。     

农地经营权抵押的马克思主义经济学分析——基于农业-金融资本运动模型

本文以马克思资本运动与农业地租理论为基础,构建以土地价值为基础、受资金供求影响,资本在农业生产和农村金融部门之间进行运动的模型,分析了农地经营权抵押与农业资本有机构成、农业剩余价值、农业利润率之间的相互关系。通过对部分农地经营权抵押试点省份数据进行资本有机构成变化趋势、剩余价值率增长速度与农业利润率增速的测算与相关分析,认为农地经营权抵押对农业资本有机构成、剩余价值率与农业利润率的提高具有促进作用。进一步地,研究分析了农地经营权抵押发展的关键影响因素,认为贷款风险和土地经营权价值会对经营权抵押的发展产生重要影响。结合现实情况,研究指出当前农地经营权抵押工作中面临政府担保缺乏可持续性、银行难以处理违约和农户贷款额度不足的问题。最后根据研究结论给出了推进中国农村土地制度改革与金融制度改革协同发展,在保持所有权和稳定承包权的基础上,进一步放活土地经营权的政策启示。     

推出住房抵押贷款证券化的时机选择

住房抵押贷款证券化是资产证券化的一种形式。随着住房制度改革和国家政策的支持 ,住房抵押贷款在最近几年发展迅速 ,住房抵押贷款证券化成为解决银行优化资产负债结构及时获取资金的最佳选择。然而 ,从目前我国的实际情况来看 ,推出住房抵押贷款证券化还存在很多障碍 ,如商业银行资金较充裕 ,抵押贷款市场不成熟 ,住房贷款担保机构未建立 ,债券市场不景气等 ,因此 ,文章认为当前仍不是最佳时机 ,需等待各种条件成熟一些时推出始为上策。     

论中国农地金融的特殊性

一般而言,农地金融是以土地作为抵押品的资金融通。它以土地所有权(或使用权)的抵押作为获取信用的保证,使农民便利地获得发展所需要的资金,解决土地经营者的资金短缺,以实现农业的可持续发展。农地金融作为一种金融体制,涉及到两种制度安排：农地制度和金融制度。所谓农地制度,是一个国家或地区在农业用地所有权与经营权及其管理方面的法律制度规范     

土地承包经营权抵押贷款:两权分离及运行机理——基于对江苏新沂市与宁夏同心县的考察

"资产主导型"与"关系主导型"土地承包经营权抵押贷款皆基于土地承包经营权细分为土地承包权与土地经营权。"资产主导型"模式主要以"集中连片土地的经营权"作为抵押标的物;"关系主导型"模式则主要以"群体信用"为基础、辅以"分散土地的经营权"为抵押标的物。在"资产主导型"模式的初期,政府可通过做市制度或财政补贴政策,加快农地租赁市场发育、增强资产的变现能力。同时,发挥新型农村经济组织的信息优势、技术优势,有利于推动"关系主导型"土地承包经营权抵押贷款。     

Health, Wealth, Fertility, Education, and Inequality

The authors use a new cross-country dataset to estimate the strength of the links between different dimensions of social and economic development, including indicators of health, fertility, and education, as well as material wellbeing. This differs from previous studies in employing data for different income groups in each country in order to provide direct evidence on factors driving inequality, and in using a unique measure of material wellbeing that does not rely on PPP comparisons.     

Inflation,money, interest rate,exchange rate,and casuality: the case of Egypt,Morocco, and Tunisia

This study provides further evidence of the inflationary efects of the rates of growth of money supply, gross domestic product, efective exchange rate, and imported inflation for Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia using quarterly data from 1964 to 1990. In addition, it examines the Granger causality between inflation and money supply as well as between inflation and the real exchange rate in the countries under consideration. Most of the results are consistent with extant theory and empirical evidence.     

IPR,Trade, FDI,and Technology Transfer

In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights （IPR） protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment （FDI） flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics.     

Trade,Remittances, Institutions,and Economic Growth

This paper empirically investigates the role of trade, remittances, and institutions in economic development in a large sample of developing countries using recently developed instruments for all these variables. Both cross-country (over 30 years) and dynamic panel data (over 5-year periods) regressions of growth rates on instrumented trade, remittances, and institutions provide evidence of a significant impact of trade, institutions, and remittances on growth. While institutions foster growth, remittances hamper it. The effect of trade on growth is positive in cross-sectional regressions but ambiguous in dynamic panel data regressions. These results are indicative of a more important role for trade in explaining growth in the very long run compared with over shorter horizons.