全概率公式及Bayes公式的几点推广

从全概率公式成立的条件、应用范围及推广方面对全概率公式进行了分析,构造一组完备事件组作为条件,将全概率公式和Bayes进行推广,最后举出一个实例诠释公式的推广。     

市场预测中的贝叶斯公式应用

本文用市场预测的实例,介绍了贝叶斯公式在其的应用。     

巧用EXCEL数组公式进行营销数据管理

在营销管理中，Excel是常用的数据处理软件，本文对excel的公式和数组公式进行了比较研究，并结合销售管理实例说明了数组公式的应用方法。     

Excel中的公式和函数

Excel的数据处理功能在现有的文字处理软件中可以说是独占鳌头，几乎没有什么软件能够与它匹敌。论述了公式输入的格式与计算和数学运算符的表示方式，运用公式进行常规的Excel数据计算，了解Excel中的几种常用函数，函数输入的三种基本方法，能熟练使用函数进行数据的统计与分析。     

由同一性理论对贝叶斯公式的新认识

通过将“执果溯因”“执因推果”,贝叶斯公式为人们对不确定性的讨论开启了一个新的大门,贝叶斯对这样一种思想的一般化、抽象成为数学公式,该公式在日常生活、经济研究、物理研究等中有着极大地应用价值,但是贝叶斯公式中隐含着两个假定,这两个假定的不满足将直接导致公式的失效,而第二种假定的缺陷显得更为严重.一味地在资本市场上运用该公式,可能会导致严重的损失.     

例谈全概率公式的应用及研究

给出了全概率公式及其几种推导公式和证明,结合实例,探究了全概率公式及其推广公式在实际中的应用,并总结了一般的应用思路及解题步骤。     

对采场验收时体积公式选择的探讨

本文对体积计算公式的选择,合理使用体积公式,正确获得现场资料,得出了＂浅孔溜矿法＂采场验收测量中计算立方量的计算方法,并结合多年实际经验,根据铅硐山矿各采场,各矿块不同形状及变化的一般规律,提出了适合铅硐山采场验收计算体积公式,即鲍曼公式。     

两种库存模型的经济批量公式及其应用

本文对多种商品库存经济批量公式和允许缺货时商品库存经济批量公式进行了研究,并且给出了这些公式在商品库存中的应用.     

由递推公式an+1=pan+q(p≠1,q≠0)求通项公式an的方法研究

已知数列an的递推公式为an+1=pan+q(p≠1,q≠0),求通项公式an有两个主要方向,涉及三种方法,不同的解题方法体现了不同的数学思想.现以"已知数列{an}中,a1=5/6,an+1=3an+1(n∈n*n)求通项公式an"为例说明如下:     

外推型预期公式的检验与评价

经济学中的很多变量需要预测,其中的一个方法是运用外推型预期公式。由于外推型预期公式有 其自身特点和规律,即趋势值的选择是影响预测效果的一个主要变量,因此使用该公式进行经济预测时, 短期预测应选择较小的趋势值,长期预测应选取中间的趋势值。     

China's Formula,Go!

On the first day of November,when Jenson Button cheered his first Formula I World Championship 2009 at the final race of the season in Abu Dhabi,Chinese young university students were busy preparing for their own Formula event.According to a press conference on October 19,2009 in Beijing,the first Formula SAE-China (FSAE) event has set off,and will be officially launch its final race next year from October 14 to October 17 at Shanghai International Circuit,where will also be the Formula 12010 China stop again in next April.     

改变配方还是不改变配方——谈谈实验调查法的应用

<正>引子郑州某面包房打算改变配方,但不知消费者反应如何,因此进行市场调查,笔者有幸受托此调查项目。根据经验,笔者认为常用的访问法和观察法不足以实现目的,实验法作为一种不常用的调查方法,倒是在诸如商品改变品种、包装、设计、价格、广告、陈列方法等调查中能够实现理想效果。因此,此次调查采用了实验法。借此,我们来谈谈实验调查法。     

Formula Approaches for Market Access Negotiations

Most of the large tariff reductions achieved in multilateral trade negotiations have involved tariff–cutting formulas such as the ‘Swiss’ formula. However, wide variations in initial tariff rates between active participants call for new approaches under the Doha Development Agenda. This paper surveys a range of formula options and examines both targeted and flexible applications of the Swiss formula that target tariff escalation and peaks, and would allow policy makers to directly target how far they will move towards free trade, while providing some flexibility for trading off reductions in peak tariffs against reductions in lower–tariff sectors.     

China＇s Formula, Go!

On the first day of November, when Jenson Button cheered his first Formula 1 World Championship 2009 at the final race of the season in Abu Dhabi, Chinese young university students were busy preparing for their own Formula event. According to a press conference on October 19, 2009 in Beijing, the first Formula SAE - China （FSAE） event has set off, and will be officially launch its final race next year from October 14 to October 17 at Shanghai International Circuit, where will also be the Formula 1 2010 China stop again in next April.     

十字路口上的方程式赛车业

It's the most glamorouos sport and the loudest, too, Unrivalled in terms of sponsoring and TV-airtime. Formula One is currently facing a deep erisis. The excitement of the competition is decreasing, as three out of ten teams rule the game.     

初创品牌的“快”字诀

<正>2022年,《中国广告》将开年的专题,特别留给了初创品牌。那些在创业路途中上下求索的开拓者,为我们的消费市场带来了全新的活力,他们拥有丰富的市场经验、开阔的眼界,以及对未来市场的信心。初创品牌将成为一种可持续的新兴力量,在中国大地上开花结果,它们将会成为万众创新的明星,写就属于自己时代的传奇品牌故事。和以前传统品牌的创始人相比,     

Robustness of the Black and Scholes Formula

Consider an option on a stock whose volatility is unknown and stochastic. An agent assumes this volatility to be a specific function of time and the stock price, knowing that this assumption may result in a misspecification of the volatility. However, if the misspecified volatility dominates the true volatility, then the misspecified price of the option dominates its true price. Moreover, the option hedging strategy computed under the assumption of the misspecified volatility provides an almost sure one-sided hedge for the option under the true volatility. Analogous results hold if the true volatility dominates the misspecified volatility. These comparisons can fail, however, if the misspecified volatility is not assumed to be a function of time and the stock price. The positive results, which apply to both European and American options, are used to obtain a bound and hedge for Asian options.     

Recursive Formula for Arithmetic Asian Option Prices

I derive a recursive formula for arithmetic Asian option prices with finite observation times in semimartingale models. The method is based on the relationship between the risk‐neutral expectation of the quadratic variation of the return process and European option prices. The computation of arithmetic Asian option prices is straightforward whenever European option prices are available. Applications with numerical results under the Black–Scholes framework and the exponential Lévy model are proposed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:220–234, 2014