全球价值链中的产业集群发展研究

全球价值链理论在工业全球化背景下发展起来,为产业集群的研究提供了新视角.企业和产业集群嵌入到全球价值链中,可以促进自身竞争力的不断提高和加快产业升级,产业集群在全球价值链中如果定位科学合理,还可以促进相关产业得到发展.     

我国高新技术企业集群嵌入全球价值链的演进与升级--以中关村电子信息企业集群为例

全球价值链为中国高新技术产业的升级指明了方向与路径，沿着全球价值链升级是中国高新技术企业集群发展的必经之路。技术贸易是嵌入全球价值链的初级阶段，中国高新技术企业应抓住国际产业转移的机会，在全球价值链中进行战略收购与联盟，逐步实现我国高新技术企业集群工艺升级和产品升级。以中关村电子信息企业集群的演进与升级为例进行了实证分析、     

全球价值链视角下区域产业集群升级内在机理研究

首先回顾了国内外学者以全球价值链视角研究区域产业集群升级的相关文献,并对其进行述评,接着指明目前研究存在的困难和不足,指出未来研究的方向：宜加强其内在机理研究。经研究表明,＂网链协同＂模式是嵌入全球价值链的区域产业集群升级的内在机理。＂网链协同＂模式是指集群知识网络与全球价值链相辅相成,相互促进,相互依靠,区域产业集群通过嵌入全球价值链,引进知识,完善集群知识网络,接着,依托集群知识网络,通过知识有效整合和创造,推动自主价值链建设,最终促进区域产业集群的全面升级。     

基于全球价值链的我国高技术企业集群国际化路径研究

本文通过对全球价值链及价值链内产业升级理论的分析,结合企业国际化理论,总结出企业集群国际化路径理论,首次提出国际化路径模型,并以该模型为分析框架,比较分析了3种国际成功高技术企业集群的国际化路径,最后,根据我国高技术企业集群自身的特点,探讨了我国高技术企业集群国际化过程中应采取的步骤。     

全球生产网络下知识扩散与本地产业集群升级

从知识扩散和知识吸收的角度分析了全球生产网络下发展中国家集群升级问题,把集群外部知识源、企业吸收能力和集群企业之间交互作用结合起来进行分析,认为在全球生产网络下,产业集群的升级取决于企业的知识基础、企业的努力强度和集群企业之间的知识流动机制,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

产业集群嵌入全球价值链的若干问题研究——以湖州典型地方产业集群为例

产业集群是区域经济发展的重要载体和推动力量。文章以湖州典型地方产业集群为例,首先概述了新的理论分析工具——全球价值链理论,然后以此为分析工具,考察了湖州地方产业集群嵌入全球价值链的基本状况,最后探讨了湖州地方产业集群嵌入全球价值链实现升级的模式选择和总体思路。     

我国高技术企业集群的国际化路径探讨

本文结合全球价值链理论,以企业集群的一般国际化路径为分析框架,分析了我国高技术企业集群国际化过程中面临的问题,并探讨了我国高技术企业集群的国际化路径。     

全球价值链下的电子信息产业集群升级研究

全球价值链理论为研究地方产业集群的发展提供了一个新的视角。本文对全球价值链下地方产业集群升级理论进行了梳理，通过对美国、中国台湾、中国大陆电子信息产业集群升级轨迹的研究，提出了全球价值链下中国电子信息产业集群升级战略。     

全球价值链中的地方产业集群升级

随着全球化和自由化的不断发展,国家只有具有国际竞争力,其经济才能繁荣发展.从长期角度来看,如果发展中国家的企业集群想在全球持续竞争中生存下来,就必须加入更为广阔的集群,也就是加人全球价值链.进入全球价值链,特别是进入知识驱动部门,是进入全球市场,获取新技术、新知识的良好方法.     

青岛家电产业集群与全球价值链耦合关系分析

在经济全球化背景下,集群作为区域经济的发展载体正快速以不同方式嵌入全球价值链,这就使得全球价值链下的地方产业集群升级显得尤为重要和迫切。因此,要将产业集群和全球价值链理论研究结合起来,用动态耦合方法来分析全球价值链下地方产业集群的升级路径具有现实的指导意义。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.