新刑事再审对传统刑事再审制度的启示

刑事诉讼制度的发展离不开刑事再审制度。而"以审判为中心"理念下的新刑事再审是对现实中如钱仁风案与陈满案的刑事再审引发地思考,追本溯源,是源于对传统刑事再审的思考:审判监督理念的不科学、启动刑事再审主体的不完善、检察机关无再审抗诉资格以及重新审判方式的不公开四个方面。因此,我国的刑事再审制度亟待以审判为中心,借鉴大陆法系的刑事再审制度,从树立新的审判监督理念、重构启动审判监督程序的主体资格、赋予检察机关的抗诉资格以及完善刑事案件审判方式四方面探讨我国重构刑事再审制度的方法与路径。     

完善捕后羁押必要性审查制度的对策

作为是一项新的诉讼制度,羁押必要性审查要求检察机关从法律监督的角度,加强对审前羁押的审查力度,对无羁押必要的及时建议相关部门变更刑事强制措施,是对逮捕权加以控制的重要途径。通过对司法实践的检视,这一制度仍需要在反思基本理念的基础上、在制度设计层和实践操作层面进行完善,才能更好地发挥其价值。     

阳泉：3＋1模式构建质量安全监管长效机制

近年来，针对质量安全监管工作面临的新情况、新问题，阳泉市质监局韩志宏局长带领局一班人将解决质量安全监管工作难题的突破口放在健全机制、完善制度、构建长效机制上，转变监管工作理念，注重监管制度创新，提出了建立完善层级监管、风险监控、应急反应三项制度体系，积极探索构建“监管责任无缝隙、风险监控无盲点、应急反应无疏漏”的质量安全监管长效机制，提升科学监管水平。     

和谐社会视野中的制度建设

和谐社会的构建离不开健全的制度保障,而制度建设又必须符合和谐社会的要求,体现出"和谐"的理念,但实现制度和谐不是一蹴而就的事,要经历一个相当长的过程,需要分阶段、分步骤地进行,从制度设计、制度执行、制度监督和评价方面等方面入手。     

社会保障制度理念:历程与启示

社会保障理念是人们对社会保障制度的精神、宗旨、功能的理性认识及其所形成的观念,理念决定制度的设计及技术方案的选择,它对于社会保障模式的建立和制度发展起着至关重要的作用。论文从论述社会保障理念及其重要性入手,分析中外社会保障理念的发展历程,探讨社会保障理念对社会保障制度的影响以及中国社会保障制度选择"公平正义共享"理念的启示。     

关于建立客户经理制度的理论探讨

以客户导向理念、营销一体化理念、核心客户综合开发理念、个性化产品和服务理念、金融服务创新理念、深化金融服务技术内涵理念为核心的客户经理制度,是我国商业银行改革的突破口,也是商业银行适应市场和客户需求变化的一种营销导向的制度安排和组织结构设计,是商业银行的金融制度创新。     

新形势下内部审计发展趋势探究

随着我国现代企业制度的建立,建立与之相适应的内部审计制度成为客观要求。客观地研究和探讨内部审计的发展趋势,对于积极探索新的审计理论框架、防范审计风险、培养内部审计人员新的审计理念等都具有十分重要的意义。     

深化我国烟草专卖制度改革的理论新思维的几点认识

我国烟草专卖制度的建立是我国改革开放的一个产物,但是随着我国市场环境的深刻变化和我国烟草专卖制度自身存在的缺陷,它又面临着新一轮改革的压力。怎么更好地推动新的改革,关键要从理论上厘清烟草专卖制度的科学内涵、目的、职责是什么,并以新的改革理念,设计改革方案,确定改革的主要内容。     

新形势下内部审计发展趋势探究

随着我国现代企业制度的建立,建立与之相适应的内部审计制度成为客观要求.客观地研究和探讨内部审计的发展趋势,对于积极探索新的审计理论框架、防范审计风险、培养内部审计人员新的审计理念等都具有十分重要的意义.     

制度与理念

当前我国企业的问题主要还不是理念不够高、不到位,位。从这个角度看,强调“制度高于理念”。要比强调而是管理的制度及落实制度的措施和手段不到“理念高于制度”更具实际价值。[编者按]     

4 Human Rights, Global Justice, and Disaggregated States: John Rawls, Onora O'Neill, and Anne-Marie Slaughter

A bstract .   Human rights are urgently important rights that all individual persons may validly claim and that all governments are obligated to respect. According to some philosophers, no government can plausibly claim legitimate authority unless its legal and political system ascribes such rights, and no society can plausibly claim to be just unless it has a legitimate government. John Rawls presents his own version of this conception in the context of his account of the moral basis of a just global system of public law, which he calls the Law of Peoples. According to some of his critics, including Onora O'Neill, not only is the Law of Peoples statist, but also it relies on a false view of the state. O'Neill has developed a new conception of an ideally just global order in which states have fewer, and corporations more, powers and obligations to secure human rights, in contrast to Rawls's conception. Her conception is consistent with Anne-Marie Slaughter's account of the transformation of state sovereignty due to globalization. However, contrary to initial appearances, it is not the case that O'Neill's and Slaughter's views taken together require significant modification of Rawls's conception of human rights. There is no fundamental conflict between Rawls's conception of human rights and Slaughter's account of state transformation. And O'Neill's criticisms of Rawls's view are unwarranted.     

同时创新市场条件下的知识产权保护策略与专利政策

本文构建了一个同时创新模型来研究同时创新市场条件下的知识产权保护策略与专利政策。研究表明,同时创新对于知识产权保护具有多重含义。具体而言,由于同时创新改变了企业的创新保护策略,企业申请专利主要是出于防御目的,因而利用同时创新的这种特性,就有可能设计一种促使企业申请专利而不是寻求内部保护的专利制度,这种制度虽然对创新提供了较企业内部保护弱的保护,却能够使社会福利得以提升。另外,传统认为的竞争政策和专利的对立关系,在同时竞争的市场条件下,需要重新认识,专利不仅不会损害竞争,反而会促进竞争。     

Employee ownership heterogeneity and firm performance in China

Employee ownership (EO) has gained increasingly significant attention from both business practitioners and policy makers in China. Through the examination of the implementation of EO by China's listed firms from 1992 to 2017 with a total of 3,396 firms and 36,559 firm‐year observations, we explored the relationship between EO implementation and firm performance. In general, we found that over time, EO firms outperform non‐EO firms in China, and the influence of EO is only different in nuanced aspects in different time periods according to the change of policies. The data from the most recent period, that is, 2014–2017, indicate that EO adopters have higher performance than matched non‐EO firms both before and after adoption, but the relative performance does not increase after adoption. We further examined the interactive effect between EO and executive stock ownership (ESO) schemes and found that the adoption of ESO weakens the positive relationship between EO and firm performance. Regarding different types of EO, we found lower performance in companies with high return rights but no control rights, and we found better performance when high return rights are combined with control rights. We suggested policy and managerial implications on the basis of the findings.     

Rights Issues in the Chinese Stock Market: Evidence of Earnings Management

Using 665 rights offerings of Chinese firms, we demonstrate positive but diminishing price effects of successive announcements at the board meeting, the shareholders' meeting, the prospectus release date, and the ex‐rights date, but negative abnormal returns before the ex‐rights date. Public investors value the participation from shareholders of state and legal‐person shares in the rights offerings, which seem to be linked to the future firm performance. The results overall supports the hypothesis that Chinese company earnings are considerably manipulated in the rights issue process.     

关于弱势群体的问题研究

弱势群体是指由于社会条件和个人能力等方面存在障碍而无法实现其基本权利,需要国家帮助和社会支持以实现其基本权利的群体。当然,现实生活中没有人愿意成为"弱势群体",然而现实的社会生活中,还存在不少的弱势群体,他们由于自身或其他方面的原因逐渐被社会遗弃,被边缘化,随着国家经济实力的增强,已经有能力在更高层次救助这些弱势群体。本文是从分析我国弱势群体的现状出发,剖析弱势群体产生的多方面原因,进而提出解决弱势群体问题可采取的措施。     

A Property Rights Paradox: George and Rothbard on the Conservation of Environmental Resources

A bstract . Murray N. Rothbard is recognized as one of the most articulate modern critics of Henry George's land value tax. A leading libertarian thinker, Rothbard condemns George's recommendation that government act to affect private transactions in land, arguing that such interventions infringe on previously defined private property rights. However, Rothbard's social system has no explicit mechanism for accommodating the emergence of tradeable property rights to newly recognized environmental resources. In effect, Rothbard calls for controls on such resources—no trading. Henry George, on the other hand, provides for the evolution of new property rights and their emergence into private markets. The paradox here is that George's solution to the property rights question might accommodate the social yearnings of one of his most severe critics, Murray N. Rothbard.     

PMC模式下的合同管理研究及建议

随着项目管理承包(PMC)模式在国际舞台上的作用日趋显著,掌握这种先进的管理模式、管理理念和管理方法已成为项目管理者的必修课,但对如何划分业主和项目管理承包方的权利和责任没有清晰的规则,作者从这个角度对PMC模式下的合同管理进行了分析及建议。     

Share repurchases,shareholder rights,and corporate governance provisions

Grounded in agency theory, this study seeks to explore how repurchase activity is influenced by the strength of shareholder rights. The empirical evidence shows that firms where shareholder rights are weaker tend to repurchase less stock. I argue that this is because managers of firms with weak shareholder rights are better able to exploit the weak shareholder rights and retain more cash within the firm, potentially to extract private benefits as alleged by the free cash flow hypothesis. Managers of firms with strong shareholder rights, on the contrary, are forced to disgorge cash to stockholders in the form of repurchases. In addition, I test the dividend-substitution hypothesis and find no evidence that repurchases substitute for dividends.     

企业“法人财产权”质疑

产权清晰不仅是建立现代企业制度的前提和基础,也是进一步完善企业法人制度的关键所在。我国《公司法》首次使用企业“法人财产权”对公司产权关系作了明确规定。本文作者对此提出质疑,并主张在承认股权的基础上,用企业“法人所有权”取代企业“法人财产权”。     

Legal rights,information sharing,and private credit: New cross-country evidence

Using improved measures and recent data from Doing Business, this paper reexamines the effects of legal systems and information-sharing on private credit. The results indicate that stronger legal rights, better contract enforceability and better information sharing are associated with higher private credit to GDP ratios across countries. These effects are significant even when the sample is restricted to include either developing countries only or poor countries only, but the effects of both legal rights and enforcement are stronger the richer the countries. Still, there is no evidence of substitution patterns among credit market institutions in poor countries. Overall, this paper may be viewed as enhancing the robustness as well as the generalizability of earlier evidence aimed at establishing a link between legal and information-sharing institutions on one hand, and the size of credit market on other hand.