中国城市“一日游“分析模型构建及其实证研究

我国大多数居民的收入水平决定了其旅游行为应当以“一日游“为主要旅游形式,而传统的旅游方法对此却难以进行准确回答.因为有关涉及“一日游“主要指标信息的采集、提取和估计长期成为我国旅游统计中的重要难题之一.本文以国家旅游局和国家统计局多年积累的重要的抽样调查统计资料和报表统计资料为基准,根据其中的旅游统计指标之间的逻辑关系建立了试图比较准确地反映我国城市“一日游“主要统计指标信息的数学模型,并以旅游城市厦门为例进行了实证研究.     

国内婚庆蜜月旅游研究述评

在欧美发达国家中,蜜月旅游成为人们婚姻生活中不可或缺的一部分,后作为一种传统习俗流于世界各地。近年来,随着我国国民经济水平的不断提高,休闲度假旅游的兴起,城市化进程的不断加快,带薪休假制度的逐步落实。以欢庆结婚为目的的婚庆蜜月旅游开始倍受适龄夫妇的追捧,渴望通过结婚旅游来舒缓身心的年轻人带动了婚庆旅游这一细分市场的发展与壮大。本研究就目前国内婚庆蜜月旅游的研究成果,通过对知网上"蜜月旅游"和"婚庆旅游"为关键词进行主题、篇名检索后,整理归纳选出具有代表性的相关论文30篇作为研究对象。研究发现,关于婚庆蜜月旅游研究主要表现在两个方面:一是关于婚庆蜜月旅游产品开发对策的研究,二是关于婚庆蜜月旅游市场开发问题及对策的研究,并就这两个方面进行论述并提出研究不足。     

论旅游的“层次”和“参与性”

“旅游层次”是一个旅游经济概念而不是旅游一般概念，是旅游消费而不是旅游活动本身有高低上下之分。作为旅游活动的最大宗项目，观光游览才是最为积极有益的“参与”，而目前不少地区开展的所谓“参与性旅游活动”正在严重破坏旅游环境并把旅游引向媚俗和庸俗，因而不利于旅游业的可持续发展。     

不文明旅游的“误”与“解”

当下,素有礼仪之邦的中国,文明旅游却成为一个全民考题.经过国内外主流媒体和社交媒体的不断曝光和反复讨论,人们对国人旅游中的“不文明行为”自是“心有戚戚焉”,予以不同的关注视角和研究解读. 中国旅游研究院武汉分院2014年年底对文明旅游开展了专题研究,以“不文明旅游”为关键词,在重要的新闻媒体平台(如凤凰网、新浪网)上采集2013年3月至2015年4月关于“不文明旅游”的562条新闻报道,利用ROST CM6软件对其进行内容分析,统计前100个高频特征词,以此探查不文明旅游的基本情况(表1).     

“CPCR”模式在张家界市旅游营销创新中的应用

随着大数据、互联网等先进数字科技以及旅游营销创新理论的出现，湖南省张家界市迫切需要改变旅游营销思路，创新旅游营销模式，拓展旅游目标群体，进一步提升“国际旅游都市”的吸引力和知名度。文章首先阐述了传统旅游营销模式和“CPCR”旅游营销创新模式，然后围绕张家界市在传统旅游营销过程中出现的问题，重点探索“CPCR”旅游营销创新模式应用于张家界旅游营销中的创新思路。     

旅游学科专业主干课程“双语”教学模式构建与实践

旅游学科和旅游教育的发展,旅游产业参与国际市场竞争对人才的需求,使得旅游教育“双语”教学显得愈加迫切,本文以“语言输入说”和“交际能力理论”为理论依据,并根据旅游学科强实践性的学科性质,通过对双语教学的语言目标、学科知识目标、思维目标的确定,提出了旅游学科专业主干课程“初始渗透、整合过渡、思维延伸”的“双语”教学模式的构建设计,并付诸实践。     

关于“文明旅游”研究的认识、探索与反思

一、认识:“文明旅游”是个什么问题? 中国大众化旅游现象登上世界舞台以来,“中国游客”行为的文明与否就成为各界不时讨论的焦点.当前来看,“文明旅游”更接近于是一个“大众话题”,而尚未达到“学术问题”的高度. 1.“文明旅游”作为“大众话题” “文明旅游”作为一个大众话题,可以分解为两个部分——“文明”和“旅游”,前者是用来界定后者性质的.舆论的共识性理解为:“文明旅游”的主体通常指游客;“文明旅游”是一个行动概念;“文明旅游”等同于“文明出游”;“文明旅游”的功能与国家形象和道德修养相关.     

从胡塞尔现象学“直观”视角看旅游的本质

本质直观作为一种哲学方法，是胡塞尔现象学的核心内容，贯穿于胡塞尔的整个哲学生涯。文章回顾了学术界关于旅游本质的研究，并进行了相关评述。阐述了“直观”旅游的发生原理，构建了本质直观的7个步骤：“悬搁”旅游经验事实、选择一次典型的旅游体验、进行意识的自由想象、整合意识中的旅游体验、形成新的旅游体验摹本、聚焦旅游体验的感知和情感以及逐层地精神递推，并以此展开旅游本质的实践操作。在胡塞尔现象学“直观”视角下，旅游本质的确立不仅与研究者“直观”能力相关，也需要与他者进行深入交流，才能得以澄清并最终形成共识。借助“直观”，文章提出了旅游本质是“自在生活”的观点，阐述了本质直观对于旅游的启示意义，以期从一个更高的层面观察和反思当前旅游研究及实践。     

中国旅游发展笔谈——关于旅游法（三）：“做大饼”还是“做小饼”？

汪传才 “做大饼”还是“做小饼”？ 孟凡哲 中国首部旅游法应定位为“硬法” 樊志勇 进一步完善旅游监督管理 王立争 应建立违反旅游合同的精神损害赔偿制度 杨晓红 社区参与旅游发展的立法探讨 彭慧玲 旅游法应体现对海南国际旅游岛建设的支持     

基于“一带一路”构建全球旅游治理新秩序

“一带一路”倡议是新时期我国主导的对外开放战略,是实现大国崛起梦想的重要依托.随着“一带一路”经济带与“一带一路”旅游带的形成,双带叠加效应将显现力量,我国通过旅游潜移默化传递东方文明、实现利益共享的渠道更加通畅.当然,“一带一路”旅游发展目前还处在构想阶段,要形成国际共识,实现战略落地,各方必须从国家利益和民众内心出发,与沿线国家一道形成息息相关的旅游命运共同体.大国旅游地位决定了我国在“一带一路”全球旅游治理中的主导性,未来要遵循旅游产业演进规律基础上,尽快构建起治理主体-治理机制-治理评价的完整全球旅游治理体系,以常态化制度设计为基础,搭建起我国主导的合作机制,在签证便利化、跨境旅游合作区和边境旅游试验区创新等层面率先突破,用好旅游投资和出境旅游供需两方面市场力量,构建起我国主导的“一带一路”全球旅游治理体系.     

The consequences of forty years of tourism growth

Leisure travel has become a major lifestyle in the United States since World War II. This paper describes the social, economic, and technological changes that have been adopted by the industry and society during three eras of travel evolution. A synoptic view of the development of travel is provided by a review of five travel industry components: transportation, attractions, facilities and services, information, and the consumer. Emphasis is placed on the consequences of the adoption of major social and technological innovations that have impacted this vibrant industry and will continue to do so in the future. The paper concludes with eight observations on the present and future status of leisure travel in the United States.     

Liberation wars and tourism development in Africa : The case of Zambia

Development of Africa's immense tourism potential is severely limited for reasons including lack of capital, distance from the large North American and European markets, the cost of travel to Africa, and Africa's poor image abroad. A key factor contributing to this image problem is political instability. Since World War II, almost all African countries have achieved independence. In several countries, this decolonization process has taken the form of long and often bloody liberation wars. This paper examines the impact of Zimbabwe's protracted liberation war on tourism development in Zambia and suggests that a detailed examination of major internal and external political events associated with the decolonization process in Zimbabwe could provide important perspectives on the obstacles to tourism development in other African countries.     

Towards a geography of tourism

This paper traces the development of geographical interest in tourism during the past half century and examines the range and scope of the geography of tourism. The available literature is reviewed and suggestions are made regarding possible research aveneus and theoretical developments. Six major areas of interest are identified: spatial aspects of supply, spatial aspects of demand, the geography of resorts, patterns of movements and flows, the impact of tourism, and models of tourist space. Through an emphasis on spatial interaction an attempt is made to provide some cohesion and synthesis for this body of knowledge which constitutes the basis of the geography of tourism.     

The rediscovery of America: Elite automobile touring

The automobile has radically changed tourist habits this century. In the first decade it was enthusiastically embraced by a small, wealthy elite. In America this elite “rediscovered” the romantic northeastern scenery painted by the Hudson Valley School of artists. This process is documented both in the general elite tourist literature of the period and in a specific case study from an elite summer colony. In the second decade “mass followed class.” Cheaper automobiles allowed the middle classes to follow the elite tourists of the first decade. The elite began to lose interest in the automobile as something exclusive to them, and turned their attention to the possibilities for touring of aviation.     

Towards Strategic Intent: Perceptions of disability service provision amongst hotel accommodation managers

The tourism sector globally has become increasingly mindful of how an ageing population is reshaping service provision forms and offerings. This being particularly true of accommodation operations where there is a now a growing recognition of the commercial value for providing market groups with exceptional service. With this in mind, this study sought to ascertain the perceptions of managers in the accommodation sector towards disability service provision with a view to identifying any current service gaps or failings. An inductive, qualitative approach was used with the data collection phase incorporating a series of one on one interviews and a focus group. The in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 managers of hotels deemed to have accessible rooms that complied with the relevant building codes and standards. A focus group comprised 22 managers of hotels located in the Sydney central business district, Australia. Study findings revealed five key themes that had not been previously discussed in the literature. They were: inclusive attitudinal approach; safety; the responsibility of people with a disability to communicate their needs to the hotel; perceptions of accessible rooms by the general public; and operational processes. Related themes that emerged from the data analysis that had previously been aligned with the literature included: legislative responsibility, policy and building codes; disability as a market segment; staff awareness/training; and language, marketing, and promotion information. Implications with respect to management of accessible rooms in the accommodation sector are outlined and further areas of research are proposed.     

The failure of ‘control’ in the hospitality industry

This paper explores the relationship between the literature on the issue of control and the realities of the hospitality industry. Management control is related to the unsanctioned entrepreneurial activities of operatives (illustrated by the ‘taxi scam’), the failure of computer systems used to control operatives, and the failure of the hospitality industry to exploit the potential of the new technology. The paper suggests that management's (and a significant part of the literature in this area) failure within hospitality is linked to the perception of the role of the hospitality manager as one of policing the industry.     

A tourist space-time budget in the Shetland Islands

This paper addresses the need to better understand tourist pressure in selected regions of the Shetland Islands, United Kingdom, using measures of space, time, perception, region, and core-periphery. Normally an economic theory, core-periphery was applied in the context of this study as a locational and mental construct in examining tourism group movement (behavior). Respondents were placed into two groups on the basis of their activitybased motivations for visiting Shetland and asked to complete a daily space-time budget regarding their use of attractions, facilities, accommodation, and transportation. It was discovered that both groups differed marginally in their space-time use of the aforementioned variables within the various regions of Shetland.     

The geography of tourism: An introduction

The geography of tourism is limited by a dearth of published research in geographic journals, the relatively few individuals who actively participate in the sub-discipline, and the lack of prestige the subject matter specialty has in geography. Despite these imperfections geographers make important contributions to the study of tourism because of their unique point-of-view. This characteristic perspective is seen in the context of a conceptual frame-of-reference which consists of a matrix based on two trichotomies. An analysis and interpretation of this framework and its application to the nine substantive articles included in the special issue constitute a majority of the article.     

The promise of creative/participatory mapping practices for sport and leisure research

This paper provides an introduction to the concept of creative participatory mapping of human–environment relations. It is identified that within human geography, artistic practice and urban design, biomapping and similar community mapping tools and methodologies are increasingly being embraced. However, within sports and leisure research the concept has yet to gain academic attention. Consequently, this paper provides a basis for thinking about how researchers and research participants in the fields of sport and leisure research might benefit if mapping human–environment relations was to be embraced and integrated into research design practices. Referencing recent turns to studying space and affect within sport and leisure studies, mapping is argued to offer innovative methodological opportunities for studying how people relate to and understand the urban environments in which they practice physical activity and leisure forms of embodiment. The paper concludes by arguing that, along with offering up new avenues for conceptual research, mapping human–environment relations, if readily embraced, can go a long way to fostering community engagement in: the identification of (un)safe urban routes for sport/leisure practice (e.g. running, cycling), the development and site identification of health/physical activity initiatives and the design of urban landscapes of sport/leisure.     

Organized Youth Sport and Parenting in Public and Private Spaces

This article examines the connection of organized youth sport to cultural beliefs, values and practices of contemporary parenting ideologies, specifically the idealization of intensive mothering and involved fathering. It explores how parenting ideologies are constructed by the discourses expressed by individuals in their everyday lives through their children's sport participation. Moreover, the analysis of the parental discourse illustrates how parenting goes beyond the home environment and becomes a public act that is observed by other parents, with these observations creating the basis of what is deemed to be a good parent. Emphasis is also placed on the gendered dimensions of meeting the expectations for being a good parent.