非执行董事的公司治理效应研究——股价崩盘风险的视角北大核心CSSCI

本文选择2011-2016年中国上市公司为样本,从非执行董事的视角考察董事会独立性对公司股价崩盘风险的影响。研究发现,非执行董事能够约束管理层的负面消息管理行为,预防公司股价崩盘风险。但是当公司管理层权力更大、股权集中度更高时,非执行董事在预防公司股价崩盘风险中的积极作用会相对降低。进一步研究发现,非执行董事与其他公司治理机制存在替代效应,表现为在没有实施管理层股权激励以及分析师关注程度更低的公司中,非执行董事对股价崩盘风险的预防效应更强。     

母子公司统一审计与股价崩盘风险

本文选取2012—2016年沪深A股上市公司的相关数据资料,研究了母子公司统一审计对上市公司股价崩盘风险的影响。本文研究发现:(1)母子公司统一审计与上市公司股价崩盘风险之间呈现显著负相关;(2)母子公司关联交易越多,母子公司统一审计与上市公司股价崩盘风险之间的负向相关关系越显著;(3)在内部控制质量较低的公司,母子公司统一审计对上市公司股价崩盘风险的负向相关关系越显著;(4)进一步的检验发现,母子公司统一审计与上市公司财务重述的可能性显著负相关。     

企业CEO权力强度会加剧股价崩盘风险吗?

本文探讨了企业CEO权力强度与股价崩盘风险之间的内在关系,并考察企业的监督机制能否缓解CEO权力对股价崩盘风险的影响,研究发现:CEO权力强度对企业股价崩盘风险有显著的正向影响;相比非国有企业,国有企业CEO权力对股价崩盘风险的影响更大;企业的监事会规模会加剧CEO权力和股价崩盘之间的正相关关系,而独立董事对两者关系有着负向影响,但统计上并不显著.     

高管减持、信息压制与股价崩盘风险北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文以2007-2013年中国上市公司数据为研究对象,考察了高管减持行为对股价崩盘风险的影响方向及其作用渠道。结果显示:(1)高管减持股票的金额越大,公司股价崩盘风险越高;(2)当高管减持动机越强以及减持效用越大时,高管减持对股价崩盘风险的影响增强;(3)对作用渠道的识别显示,管理层的信息压制行为导致了"坏消息"聚集,最终引发股价崩盘风险。本文为后金融危机背景下股价崩盘风险的应对提供了一定的启示意义。     

上市公司股价崩盘预警模型研究——基于Cox回归与集成学习的经验证据

本文选取A股上市公司作为研究对象，构建Cox回归模型探讨财务指标与非财务指标对上市公司股价崩盘的影响。实证结果显示：财务指标与非财务指标对股价崩盘有一定的预警作用，在所选取的指标中，现金流比率等因素对防止公司股价崩盘的发生起到保护作用，即现金流比率越高，公司股价崩盘风险越小；而管理层持股比例等作为危险因素，会加剧公司发生股价崩盘的可能性。进一步将Cox模型与集成学习模型相结合，发现模型的预测性能显著提升。研究发现了股价崩盘在时序上的变化规律及风险预期，为企业持续经营与风险防范提供参考借鉴，有助于促进资本市场的平稳运行；风险预警模型的建立有助于利益相关者有效识别股价崩盘风险，在一定程度上保护股东和投资者的权益。     

媒体报道降低了股价崩盘风险吗?——来自创业板的证据

针对创业板公司股价的"暴涨暴跌"现象,本文运用信息不对称和投资者情绪理论,研究了媒体报道对创业板公司股价崩盘风险的影响。研究发现,在创业板中,上市公司受到媒体报道越多,其股价崩盘风险越高,而且,不同性质的媒体报道均会加大上市公司股价崩盘风险。进一步分析显示,媒体报道显著提高了公司下一年的股价崩盘风险,其中,媒体的正面或者负面报道依然会显著提高公司下一年的股价崩盘风险,而中性报道对公司下一年股价崩盘风险的影响并不显著。     

企业对外担保与股价崩盘风险——基于A股上市公司的经验证据

近年来,企业债务违约造成的"担保危机"接连爆发,而上市公司因对外担保所引发的股价崩盘事件也层出不穷,在此背景下,本文探讨企业对外担保与股价崩盘风险之间的内在关系,并对其作用机理进行了展开分析.研究发现,企业对外担保比重与股价崩盘风险呈显著正相关关系,且在信息透明度较低、公司治理较差和行业竞争程度较低的情况下,企业对外担保比重对股价崩盘风险的影响更为显著.进一步研究发现,企业对外担保引发股价崩盘风险提升的作用机制在于:(1)对外担保使得借款方的违约风险向担保方进行转移,加剧了担保企业的信用风险;(2)对外担保比例越高,管理层更倾向于通过信息披露采取机会主义行为——发布更加乐观的业绩预告隐藏公司的负面信息.本文拓展和深化了企业对外担保和股价崩盘风险等领域的研究,为监管部门、上市公司和投资者更深刻地理解企业对外担保的经济后果及其作用机制,提供了实证依据与重要启示.     

年报语调与股价崩盘风险——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

本文将年报语调的积极程度视作投资者接收的公开信息,将年报语调的真实程度视作管理层持有的私有信息,在信息经济学的理论框架中同时分析信息供求双方对年报语调的传递和处理行为,深入探讨年报语调对股价崩盘风险的影响机理与相关关系。整体而言,年报语调的积极程度对年报披露后的崩盘风险没有显著影响。然而在考虑了语调的真实程度之后,当真实程度低时,语调越积极,年报公布后的崩盘风险越大,这说明过于积极的语调可能是管理层进行印象管理的结果,并非是对公司前景的看好。另一方面,当语调真实程度较高时,语调与崩盘风险之间的正相关关系会受到明显抑制。     

共同机构所有权与公司股价崩盘风险：促进还是抑制

防范化解股价崩盘风险是学术界持续关注的热点,针对共同机构所有权这一股权结构特征,以2007—2020年A股上市公司为样本,实证检验了共同机构所有权对股价崩盘风险的影响。研究发现具有共同机构所有权的公司能够有效抑制股价崩盘风险,支持了“协同治理假说”。在使用Heckman二阶段、PSM-DID方法控制内生性问题进行稳健性检验后,以上结论依然成立。机制检验发现,信息透明度与公司治理水平在共同机构所有权与股价崩盘风险之间具有部分中介效应,且共同机构大股东抑制股价崩盘风险的效果在国企及集中度高的企业中更显著,更能发挥其治理作用。     

信息披露考核降低了股价崩盘风险吗？

深交所自2001年起对于上市公司的信息披露工作进行考核。本文从信息透明度的 角度,利用深交所上市公司信息披露考核数据,考察信息披露质量对股价崩盘风险的影响。研 究发现：（1）深圳证券交易所的信息披露考核对于股价崩盘风险有显著影响,整体来看上市 公司的信息披露质量与股价崩盘风险存在显著的负向关系;（2）对于经营业绩较差的公司而 言,信息披露质量与股价崩盘风险的负向关系更加显著;（3）相对于非主板公司而言,信息披 露质量对主板公司的股价崩盘风险的抑制作用更加显著。     

Directors' and officers' liability insurance and stock price crash risk

We investigate the impact of directors' and officers' insurance (D&O insurance) on stock price crash risk. We find that D&O insurance in China is negatively associated with stock price crash risk. This association is robust to a series of robustness checks including the use of alternative sample, Heckman two-step sample selection model, propensity score matching procedure, fixed effects model, the inclusion of some possibly omitted variables, and bootstrap method. Further analyses show that the impact of D&O insurance on crash risk is more pronounced in firms with lower board independence, non-Big 4 auditors, lower institutional shareholdings, and weaker investor protection; and the negative relationship between D&O insurance and crash risk is not driven by the eyeball effect. Moreover, we find that D&O insurance purchase is associated with less financial restatements and more disclosure of corporate social responsibility reports. Our findings provide support to the notion that D&O insurance appears to improve corporate governance.     

Trust and stock price crash risk: Evidence from China

This paper examines the impact of social trust on stock price crash risk. Social trust measures the level of mutual trust among the members of a society. Using a large sample of Chinese listed firms for the 2001–2015 period, we find that firms headquartered in regions of high social trust tend to have smaller crash risks. This result is robust to a battery of sensitivity tests and is more prominent for State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), for firms with weak monitoring, and for firms with higher risk-taking. Moreover, we observe that firms in regions of high social trust are associated with higher accounting conservatism and fewer financial restatements. Our study suggests that social trust is an important variable that is omitted in the literature investigating the predictors of stock price crashes.     

Do geographically nearby major customers mitigate suppliers’ stock price crash risk?

This study examines the impact of geographically nearby major customers on suppliers' stock price crash risk. Using a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms and their top five (major) customers during the period 2008–2019, we find a significantly negative association. This association is robust in a series of robustness checks, including the use of instrumental variables estimations, propensity score matching procedure, and Heckman two-step sample selection model. The mitigating effect of supplier?customer proximity on crash risk is more pronounced for suppliers with lower corporate transparency and greater operational uncertainty. Finally, we identify two possible mechanisms through which geographically nearby major customers reduce suppliers’ crash risk: fewer financial restatements and higher accounting conservatism of suppliers. The findings of this study indicate that listed firms may choose geographically nearby customers to reduce crash risk.     

Institutional investor information network,analyst forecasting and stock price crash risk

In this paper, we construct the information network of fund investors based on the theory of social relationship networks and examine its impact of fund information sharing with analysts on stock price crash risk. Our results show that private information sharing among institutional investors reduces crash risk. Further results show that fund information sharing can alleviate analyst optimism bias and improve analyst forecast accuracy, which further reduces stock price crash risk. Moreover, these identified effects are more pronounced in a bull market than a bear market. Our study contributes to the research on private information transmission in fund information networks, and provides a new perspective for recognizing the relationships among institutional investor behavior, analyst forecasting, and stock price crash risk.     

投资者理性预期、流动性约束与股价崩盘传染研究

“传染性”是股价崩盘三大基本特征之一,会加剧股价崩盘负面影响,甚至引发系统性金融风险,因此,本文重点关注股价崩盘传染机制研究。首先,本文基于两阶段理性预期均衡模型,提出股价崩盘传染两大假设,即投资者理性预期与流动性约束导致传染;其次,基于2000-2016年全球28个国家或地区资本市场数据,实证检验股价崩盘传染机制和传染渠道。研究显示:(1)投资者理性预期、流动性约束会导致股价崩盘发生传染;(2)股价崩盘事件会在资本市场关联国家或地区传染;(3)提高资本市场信息透明度、加强金融管制有助于降低受关联国家或地区股价崩盘传染。     

Stock price crash risk and CEO power: Firm-level analysis

This study examines the impact of stock price crash risk on future CEO power. Using a large panel sample with 17,816 firm-year observations, we posit and find a significant negative impact of stock price crash risk on CEO power, suggesting that CEO power becomes smaller after stock price crashes. We also find that our results are stronger for firms with female CEOs and are largely driven by firms with shorter-tenure CEOs. In addition, we find that the significant negative impact of stock price crash risk on CEO power is diminished for firms with strong corporate governance. Our study responds to the call in Habib, Hasan, and Jiang (2018) by providing more empirical evidence on the consequences of stock price crash risk.     

Powerful CEOs and stock price crash risk

We find that powerful chief executive officers (CEOs) are associated with higher crash risk. The positive association between CEO power and crash risk holds when controlling for earnings management, tax avoidance, chief executive officer's option incentives, and CEO overconfidence. Firms with powerful CEOs have higher probability of financial restatements, lower proportion of negative to positive earnings guidance, and lower ratio of negative to positive words in their financial statements. The association between powerful CEOs and higher crash risk is mostly evident among firms with higher sensitivity of CEO wealth to stock prices and when CEOs have lower general skills. External monitoring mechanisms weaken but do not eliminate the association between powerful founder CEOs and higher crash risk.     

Zero-leverage policy and stock price crash risk: Evidence from Korea

This study examines the difference in stock price crash risk between zero-leverage and non-zero-leverage firms. We find that zero-leverage firms have a significantly higher future stock price crash risk than non-zero-leverage firms. Next, we find that the positive relation between zero-leverage policy and future stock price crash risk is more pronounced when firms have higher controlling shareholders' ownership and foreign ownership. We also find that the positive relation is more pronounced for firms with low cash holdings than for those with high cash holdings. Further, we find that the positive relation is stronger for dividend-paying firms than non-dividend-paying firms. Our results are robust to alternative estimation specifications and endogeneity concerns. Overall, our findings shed light on the extent to which extreme corporate financial policy has an impact on future stock price crash risk. Our empirical evidence also provides meaningful implications for how stakeholders (especially investors) predict stock price crash risk in the context of extremely conservative capital structure.     

金融同业活动与实体企业经营风险——来自地区层面同业存单业务的证据

本文研究了地区层面金融同业活动对实体企业经营风险的影响。基于各省份金融机构开启同业存单业务的研究表明,地区层面金融同业活动显著提升了当地上市企业股价大幅下跌的风险。进一步研究表明,随着同业存单业务的发展,当地上市企业债务融资成本和风险水平有所上升,而业绩表现和市场价值有所下降。上述发现表明,企业融资链条变长后,信贷市场道德风险上升,部分企业因风险偏好增强导致经营风险上升,更容易突然出现负面事件而导致股价大幅下跌。本文的发现揭示了金融同业活动存在监管规避的可能性及其影响实体企业的潜在路径,凸显了完善金融监管以更好服务实体经济发展的重要现实意义。     

金融同业活动与实体企业经营风险——来自地区层面同业存单业务的证据

本文研究了地区层面金融同业活动对实体企业经营风险的影响。基于各省份金融机构开启同业存单业务的研究表明,地区层面金融同业活动显著提升了当地上市企业股价大幅下跌的风险。进一步研究表明,随着同业存单业务的发展,当地上市企业债务融资成本和风险水平有所上升,而业绩表现和市场价值有所下降。上述发现表明,企业融资链条变长后,信贷市场道德风险上升,部分企业因风险偏好增强导致经营风险上升,更容易突然出现负面事件而导致股价大幅下跌。本文的发现揭示了金融同业活动存在监管规避的可能性及其影响实体企业的潜在路径,凸显了完善金融监管以更好服务实体经济发展的重要现实意义。