浅谈AutoCAD软件中操作技巧方法

AutoCAD的应用广泛,但必须掌握一定的技巧,才能提高绘图的速度,本文介绍了掌握AutoCAD一些实用技巧和快捷命令的方法.以达到提高绘图速度之目的.     

常用建筑材料的取样方法探析

常用建筑材料的好坏直接影响建筑工程质量的好坏,文章对水泥、钢材机械性能、混凝土、建筑砂浆、墙体材料、防水材料、回填材料等的取样方法进行探析,以期对实际取样工作有所启发。     

建筑工程材料检验的取样方法探讨

建筑材料的质量是控制建筑工程质量的基础和决定因素,其质量的优劣直接影响到工程结构安全使用功能和使用者的人身安全。因此,如何做好材料检验取样工作,应引起工程施工质量检测人员的足够重视。     

银行外汇交易的操作技巧

随着改革开放的深入,我国对外贸易取得了巨大成功,国家的外汇储备越来越多,而巨大的外汇储备既给银行的外汇交易带来了获利的大好机会,也给银行的外汇交易增加了很大的风险。为了使银行手中的外汇发挥保值增值、投机和对冲的功效,本文将对银行外汇交易员进行外汇交易的操作技巧作一介绍。     

常用建筑材料的取样方法

见证取样和送检工作是确保工程质量的重要方法之一。就常见的七种建筑材料的取样方法进行讨论。     

火运煤皮带取样替代车皮取样的实践

介绍销售精煤装车采样时,以皮带取样替代煤车顶部取样的实践经验,并对皮带取样中存在的问题进行分析、解决,确定皮带取样能替代车皮取样,改变传统取样模式。     

面试时的握手技巧

握手是一种重要的身体语言。怎样握手？握多长时间？这些对应试者来说都必须知晓,因为握手是建立第一印象的开始。以下几种握手方法是不可取的。     

浅析木质家具甲醛释放量取样对检测结果的影响

木制家具在日常生活中的使用非常多,伴随着生活水平的提高,人们越来越重视木质家具的质量。近几年,木制家具中有害物质释放问题成为人们关注的重点,其中甲醛的释放量尤为突出,对日常生活产生了严重影响。笔者结合多年工作经验,从木制家具中甲醛的来源及危害着手,对甲醛释放量取样对检测结果的影响作了简要分析。     

浅析木质家具甲醛释放量取样对检测结果的影响

木制家具在日常生活中的使用非常多,伴随着生活水平的提高,人们越来越重视木质家具的质量。近几年,木制家具中有害物质释放问题成为人们关注的重点,其中甲醛的释放量尤为突出,对日常生活产生了严重影响。笔者结合多年工作经验,从木制家具中甲醛的来源及危害着手,对甲醛释放量取样对检测结果的影响作了简要分析。     

The conduct of the sample average when the first moment is infinite

Summary Many books about probability and statistics only mention the weak and the strong law of large numbers for samples from distributions with finite expectation. However, these laws also hold for distributions with infinite expectation and then the sample average has to go to infinity with increasing sample size. Being curious about the way in which this would happen, we simulated increasing samples (up to n= 40000) from three distributions with infinite expectation. The results were somewhat surprising at first sight, but understandable after some thought. Most statisticians, when asked, seem to expect a gradual increase of the average with the size of the sample. So did we. In general, however, this proves to be wrong and for different parent distributions different types of conduct appear from this experiment. The samples from the “absolute Cauchy”-distribution are most interesting from a practical point of view: the average takes a high jump from time to time and decreases in between. In practice it might well happen, that the observations causing the jumps would be discarded as outlying observations.     

The conduct of the sample average when the first moment is infinite

Summary  Many books about probability and statistics only mention the weak and the strong law of large numbers for samples from distributions with finite expectation. However, these laws also hold for distributions with infinite expectation and then the sample average has to go to infinity with increasing sample size.
Being curious about the way in which this would happen, we simulated increasing samples (up to n = 40000) from three distributions with infinite expectation. The results were somewhat surprising at first sight, but understandable after some thought. Most statisticians, when asked, seem to expect a gradual increase of the average with the size of the sample. So did we. In general, however, this proves to be wrong and for different parent distributions different types of conduct appear from this experiment.
The samples from the "absolute Cauchy"-distribution are most interesting from a practical point of view: the average takes a high jump from time to time and decreases in between. In practice it might well happen, that the observations causing the jumps would be discarded as outlying observations.     

Consistent estimation when the left-hand variable is exogenous over part of the sample period

This paper proposes a consistent estimation method for regression equations with a left-hand variable that is endogenous for some observations, and exogenous for others. This method is applied to the estimation of a demand-for-money function for Switzerland over a time interval which includes periods of monetary control; that is periods when the quantity of money can best be viewed as exogenous.     

工程量清单计价的运用现状及对策分析

文章阐述了实行工程量清单计价的概念及优点,分析当前工程量清单计价运用现状及其存在的主要问题,并针对性地提出了应采取的对策,从而加大工程量清单计价推行力度,充分发挥工程量清单计价的作用和优点。     

完全信息下供应链数量折扣设计

文章讨论了供应链数量折扣存在的可能性和必要性,并表明:供应链各方的独立决策不是最优决策,联合决策可以提高系统的利润、降低交易成本,数量折扣是能够实现联合决策的一种有效供应链契约。     

A general procedure of estimating the population variance when coefficient of variation of an auxiliary variable is known in sample surveys

This paper deals with the problem of estimating population variance ${{S}_{\rm y}^2}$ of the study variable y. We have suggested a family of estimators of population variance ${{S}_{\rm y}^2}$ using the transformations on both the study variable and the auxiliary variable when coefficient of variation of an auxiliary variable x is known. The suggested family of estimators is very wide from which we can generate many estimators by putting the suitable values of scalars. The bias and mean squared error have been obtained upto the first order of approximation. The empirical study is carried out to the support of the suggested family of estimators.     

On the construction of multivariate permutation tests in the two–sample case

This paper is concerned with multivariate generalizations of two–sample rank tests, the bivariate Wilcoxon test in particular.     

Determination of uniformly most powerful tests in discrete sample spaces

Uniformly most powerful (UMP) tests are known to exist in one-parameter exponential families when the hypothesis H ₀ and the alternative hypothesis H ₁ are given by (i) H ₀ : θ≤θ₀, H ₁ : θ>θ₀, and (ii) H ₀ : θ≤θ₁ or θ≥θ₂, H ₁ : θ₁<θ<θ₂, where θ₁<θ₂.  Likewise, uniformly most powerful unbiased (UMPU) tests do exist when the hypotheses H ₀ and H ₁ take the form (iii) H ₀ : θ₁≤θ≤θ₂, H ₁ : θ<θ₁ or θ>θ₂, where θ₁<θ₂, and (iv) H ₀ : θ=θ₀, H ₁:θ≠θ₀.  To determine tests in case (i), only one critical value c and one randomization constant γ have to be computed. In cases (ii) through (iv) tests are determined by two critical values c ₁, c ₂ and two randomization constants γ₁, γ₂. Unlike determination of tests in case (i), computation of critical values and randomization constants in the remaining cases is rather difficult, unless distributions are symmetric. No straightforward method to determine two-sided UMP tests in discrete sample spaces seems to be known. The purpose of this note is to disclose a distribution independent principle for the determination of UMP tests in cases (ii) through (iv). Received: March 1999     

A survey technique for estimating the proportion and sensitivity in a dichotomous finite population

In this paper, a simple survey technique to measure the sensitivity of survey issues is presented. It can be applied to estimate the population proportion as well as the probability that a respondent truthfully states that he or she bears a sensitive character when experienced in a direct response survey. An unbiased estimator of mean square error for direct response survey is obtainable so as to be able to judge the effect on the accuracy in estimation. It is also found that the proposed technique is more efficient than some traditional techniques. A simple extension for polychotomous situations can be developed as well.     

Forecast-error-based estimation of forecast uncertainty when the horizon is increased

Past forecast errors are employed frequently in the estimation of the unconditional forecast uncertainty, and several institutions have increased their forecast horizons in recent times. This work addresses the question of how forecast-error-based estimation can be performed if there are very few errors available for the new forecast horizons. It extends the results of Knüppel (2014) in order to relax the condition on the data structure that is required for the SUR estimator to be independent of unknown quantities. It turns out that the SUR estimator of the forecast uncertainty, which estimates the forecast uncertainty for all horizons jointly, tends to deliver large efficiency gains relative to the OLS estimator (i.e., the sample mean of the squared forecast errors for each individual horizon) in the case of increased forecast horizons. The SUR estimator is applied to the forecast errors of the Bank of England, the US Survey of Professional Forecasters, and the FOMC.