对完善我国行政ADR的一些思考

ADR是对世界各国普遍存在着的、民事诉讼制度以外的非诉讼纠纷解决程序或机制的总称。从世界范围来看,多元化的纠纷解决方式是发展趋势,行政ADR是指行政机关依职权解决特定民事纠纷或行政纠纷的活动总称。文章只讨论行政ADR在解决行政争议中的运用,并对我国行政救济领域运用多元化解决纠纷方式做了一点思考。     

澳大利亚调解制度的经验与启示

替代性纠纷解决方式(Alternative Dispute Resolution,简称ADR),也称作"非诉讼纠纷解决方式",即运用调解、仲裁等非诉讼方式解决社会纠纷,它是对传统的依靠法院诉讼解决纠纷方式的一种有益补充,其程序简捷、成本低廉、效率更高的优势已经获得普遍承认.世界上许多国家,例如美国、加拿大、挪威、荷兰、日本、新加坡、澳大利亚等都非常重视对ADR制度的研究与应用.ADR在现代世界各国解决纠纷的方式中所占的比重越来越大. 澳大利亚是一个新兴移民国家,各种文化、价值观、生活方式融合共存,和谐文明,有序发展.联邦与各州非常重视社会矛盾解决机制的创新与发展.替代性纠纷解决方式在预防和化解社会矛盾中起着非常重要的作用.在众多非诉讼纠纷解决方式之中,调解运用得最广泛,大量的纠纷都是未进入诉讼程序就通过调解解决了,取得了很好的社会效果.     

建筑工程纠纷ADR述评

建筑工程施工是一个很复杂的过程,加上合同履约时间一般很长,发生任何纠纷都是件令人不愉快的事情。而且,建筑施工纠纷,尤其是涉及较大项目的建筑施工纠纷,往往并不适于用费钱费时的诉讼方式解决。因此,在大型建筑工程中,当事人普遍不愿意将纠纷提交诉讼,而是倾向于通过在合同中规定的ADR解决纠纷。本文介绍了仲裁、工程师准仲裁、DRB、NEC裁决程序等几种主要建筑纠纷ADR,并对其优缺点的作出评价,以揭示ADR被广泛适用的原因。     

美国司法强制ADR给我们的启示

ADR即AlternativeDisputeResolution，是指美国近四十年来逐渐发展起来的诉讼之外的解决民商事纠纷的各种方式的总称。二十世纪九十年代以后，随着国际经济一体化趋势的增强，各国都把发展本国经济放在首位，与之俱来的是民商事纠纷的日益增多，而传统的诉讼解决纠纷方式由于其周期较长，诉讼成本偏高等不足，已无法满足实际的需要。因此，除调解、传统仲裁等手段受到重视和广泛运用外，其他的诉讼之外解决纠纷的方式也被不断创新和运用，司法强制ADR就是其中之一。作为一种新的纠纷解决方式，司法强制ADR主要指的是与传统的合意仲裁不…     

替代性纠纷解决(ADR)机制在行政法上的适用

ADR机制的理论原型是法社会学理论中的"调解型第三者纠纷解决模式",它是西方后工业化社会的背景下,为了回应法院系统在解纷过程中显露的种种弊端而采用的替代性方案。作为以平等、意思自治为前提的私法纠纷解决机制,其在行政法上适用之妥当性在于——其与正式司法救济程序的补充关系。ADR机制不仅适用于个案行政争议,而且经过合理改造之后也适用于行政纠纷的解决。     

司法ADR与我国法院调解制度的重构

司法ADR是近年来国际上兴起的在司法程序内迅速解决纠纷的一种新的方法和手段,是在案件进入法院之后的一种非审判的纠纷解决途径。本文在着重介绍司法ADR的益处之后,以调解制度的改革为契机,提出了一些构建我国司法ADR制度的具体构想。     

论金融消费领域中ADR机制的完善

一、金融ADR概述 ADR,即Alienlative Dispule Resolulion的简称,又称替代性或非诉浍纠纷解决机制,是民事诉讼以外的非诉讼纠纷解决方式或机制的总称,     

政府采购中融资租赁运用的探索

融资租赁在政府采购中的运用,既有利于解决政府采购的财政短缺问题,又有利于降低政府采购项目的建设风险,因此可成为政府采购预算资金来源的有益补充。但在运用这一新型融资方式的具体实践中,首先应解决好政府采购和融资租赁领域在法律环境、行业监管、政策扶持、社会接受度、专业人才、经营模式上存在的一系列问题。为此文章提出不断完善相关法规、不断加强行业监管、加大政府支持力度、建立信息咨询平台、加大人才培养力度、创新产业经营模式等针对性的策略建议。     

GPA框架下的美国政府采购争议解决机制研究

政府采购争议解决机制是保障政府采购制度的透明度和公正性的重要程序设置。文章从WTO《政府采购协议》（GPA）有关争议解决程序的规定出发,详细解读了美国政府采购活动中给予利益相关方的各种救济权利,包括向采购机构提出异议、向政府责任办公室提出申诉、向联邦索赔法院提起诉讼等,对我国修订《政府采购法》相关规定具有借鉴价值。     

WTO《政府采购协议》争端解决机制新发展

WTO《政府采购协议》争端解决机制是依据WTO争端解决机制而产生的程序,保障了政府采购的国际规则得以公正、有效地实施,维护了参加方权利和义务最大可能的平衡。但WTO《政府采购协议》作为诸边协议,其争端解决机制在程序上有别WTO争端解决机制,是一个相对独立的程序,有其特殊或附加规则。2012年3月政府采购委员会正式采纳修订后的WTO《政府采购协议》,完成了对1994年协议的全面修订,其中对争端解决机制也进行了较大的修改和调整,确立了WTO争端解决机制在WTO《政府采购协议》中的重要作用和地位。     

The impact of ADR activity on stock market liquidity: Evidence from Latin America

This paper examines the impact of ADR activity on liquidity of four major Latin American stock markets. We construct a measure of ADR activity in U.S. markets for a sample of ADRs trading during January 2003–December 2010, which is subsequent to the financial liberalization episodes and currency crises that shocked emerging markets in the 1990s. The sample lists 164 depositary receipt programs (Levels I, II, and III): 16 from Argentina, 81 from Brazil, 19 from Chile, and 48 from Mexico. Using System GMM methods to handle the potential effects from stock market development on economic growth and ADR issuance, we find that higher ADR turnover in U.S. markets has positive effects on domestic market turnover, particularly for issuance of exchange-listed (Levels II and III) ADRs. This positive relationship is not a statistical artifact created by the global financial crisis of 2008.     

Currency depreciation effects on ADR returns: evidence from Latin America

We use seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) and multivariate regression models (MVRM) in a panel sample of 74 American depository receipts (ADR) programs from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico during the period May 1994 to May 2009 to analyze the behavior of ADR returns during the 300-day period surrounding the currency crises breakdown in the originator??s country. Controlling for the underlying stock and local and host country equity indices, we find that ADRs generate significant negative abnormal returns during currency crises, due to translation exposure. Abnormal returns remain statistically significant even in crises triggered by currency depreciations as small as 3.6%. The results persist after including exchange rate returns as a control variable and after an orthogonalization procedure of exchange rate against local country indices. In agreement with ADR literature, our results show that ADR prices are determined primarily by the underlying stock, exchange rates, and host country index, in that order. Moreover, we observe how market integration has become evident in more recent times as the coefficients for the U.S. stock market have increased its contribution to ADR price discovery.     

Mandatory and binding arbitration: Effects on employee attitudes and recruiting results

This paper reports the results of two studies undertaken in the same Fortune 500 company as it adopted an Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) program. Study 1 assessed employees' perceptions of fairness, trust, and turnover intentions regarding ADR options. Compared with other options for ADR, a program consisting of mandatory mediation followed by mandatory and binding arbitration (MMBA) resulted in significantly lower levels of procedural fairness perception, organizational trust, and intentions to stay with the firm. Contrary to previous research, no significant effects were found related to respondents' demographic characteristics and their reactions to ADR program characteristics. In Study 2, job‐applicant flow data were evaluated and compared by corporate region to determine the effects of an MMBA program installed in one region. Results revealed no significant effects related to the MMBA program on the organization's ability to recruit and ultimately fill key positions. As in Study 1, no significant effects were found in Study 2 for the demographic characteristics of applicant race/ethnicity, gender, or age on applicant recruitment decisions. Although Study 2 results indicated job candidates are unaffected by the existence of an MMBA program, given Study 1's results, practitioners should be cautious about implementing such a program for current employees. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

药品不良反应损害补偿制度相关理论探讨

目的:探讨我国建立药品不良反应(ADR)补偿制度的理论基础。方法:根据我国国情分析我国ADR补偿制度的理论依据。结论:运用公平原则和企业社会责任建立适合我国国情的ADR补偿制度势在必行。     

The genesis of private dispute resolution in Irish industrial relations

This article examines the genesis of private dispute resolution arrangements introduced by employers and unions in Ireland. These forms of collective alternative dispute resolution (ADR) comprise three‐person panels or sole adjudicators, who mediate and issue findings on collective disputes. Findings may be non‐binding or binding. Using data and interviews covering 11 private dispute resolution arrangements in 10 organisations, the paper identifies the circumstances in which they have emerged and a series of influences that lead employers and unions make path‐breaking changes in dispute resolution procedures.     

论我国医疗纠纷的ADR解决机制的发展与完善

我国现存的医疗纠纷ADR解决机制缺乏人财保障性、统一性、公平性和规范性,建议大力推广中立专业的人民调解机制,逐步完善合理规范的行政调解机制,规范发展公平正义的协商机制,有限发展"选择终局型"仲裁机制。     

Towards Employee Wellness: Rethinking Bullying Paradoxes and Masks

“Wellness in organizations” should focus on the well being of individual workers. At a time when the wellness of individuals is increasingly being threatened in our workplaces, I argue that one way wellness can be sought is through careful examination of routine organizational practices. To make this point, I look to the problem of bullying in organizations and, in particular, traditional organizational responses to bullying. The paradoxes of protective legislation and protective workplace policies are explored, before numerous organizational masks that serve to bolster these paradoxes are discussed: the mask of stereotypes; the mask of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR); the mask of counseling; and the mask of training. The way towards wellness in organizations lies with the recognition of unintended distortions and limitations on existing legislation, policy and process, and the critical assessment of traditional remedies.

Book Reviews

The Contentious Alliance: Trade Unions and the Labour Party Lewis Minkin Trade Unions in British Politics–the first 200 years Ben Pimlott and Chris Cook (eds.) The Permanent Revolution? Conservative Law and the Trade Unions John McIlroy Taming the Trade Unions: a Guide to the Thatcher Government's Employment Reforms, 1980–1990 , Charles G. Hanson Industrial Sociology and Economic Crisis John Eldridge, Peter Cressey and John MacInnes Making their Way, Education, Training and the Labour Market in Canada and Britain D. Ashton and G. Lowe (eds.) Training and its Alternatives D. Gleeson (ed.) Working Together: Labour-management cooperation in training and in technological and other changes Alan Gladstone and Muneto Ozaki, (eds.) Training for Older People: A Handbook Peter C. Plett and Brenda T. Lester Vulnerable Workers: psychosocial and legal issues , Marilyn J. Davidson and Jill Earnshaw (eds.) Business and Politics: A Comparative Introduction , (2nd. edn.) Graham K. Wilson Industrial Relations at Work: The Australian Workplace Industrial Relations Survey Callus R., Morehead A., Cully M and Buchanan J. Comparative Industrial Relations: Contemporary Research and Theory Roy J. Adams (ed.) A Handbook of Dispute Resolution–ADR in Action Karl J. Mackie Negotiation from Theory to Practice Jacques Rojot The Mediator Revisited: Profile of a Profession 1960s and 1985 Ruth F. Necheles-Jansyn Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations in Industrialised Market Economies Roger Blanpain (General Editor)     

山东省农产品物流运作模式构建

文中从山东农产品物流的现状和基础进行分析。、提出了构建山东省农产品物流集约化运作的框架。该框架主要体现在以下几个方面：基于邮政系统的农产品物流运作框架,基于新华书店系统的农产品物流运作框架,基于农村供销合作社系统的农产品物流运作框架和基于农村经纪人整合资源的农产品物流运作框架。     

做好气象后勤保安工作 为职工提供安全的人居环境——做好气象后勤保安工作的几点体会

为了进一步做好新时期保安工作,更好地服务气象事业的可持续发展,为一线职工提供一个安全的生活环境,笔者结合自己十多年的门卫工作经验,就如何做好气象后勤保安工作谈几点体会。