突出农业特色培育竞争优势

WTO后经济全球化进程的加快,国内外农产品的市场竞争越来越激烈,要想求得生存和发展,河北省就必须面对内部基础和外部环境,审时度势,突出特色,找准优势,提高农业内在质量,积极参与国内外市场竞争。河北省拥有优越的区位优势和丰富的自然资源,特色农业发展具有天然的比较优势,特色农产品由于口感、风味等方面与其他同类产品存在明显差异,能够以鲜明的特色开辟市场空间,不仅在国际市场上具有竞争优势,在国内市场上也很畅销。河北要充分发挥比较优势,大力培育特色农业,以提高农产品的市场竞争力。发展特色农业有利于发挥区域优势,调整优化农…     

调整结构是农业提高经济效益的重要环节

传统农业的低效益同农业结构不合理有很大关系。因此，在调整结构时必须坚持以市场为导向，实行农产品以销定产；走特色农业之路，走品牌、效益农业之路；大力发展农产品深加工，提高农产品市场容量和产品附加值；改变农民消费理念，为创新农产品市场创造条件。     

积极推进哈尔滨市郊区农业国际化步伐

随着WTO的加入及全球经济一体化进程的加快，大力发展外向型农业已成为哈尔滨市农业发展的必然选择。哈尔滨市拥有得天独厚的区位优势，一些农产品具有独特的自然条件和较明显的比较优势，“平房牌”大白菜，2003年5月通过了国家农业部质量安全中心无公害农产品认证。一批传统名优农产品如创汇蔬菜、特色农产品等具有较好的出口基础。南岗英霞仙人掌、“绿山川”、道里嘉蜂食用菌等系列产品和呼兰乳蛋白肽、动力生物兽药、香坊巴西菇等名牌产品已率先打入国际市场，在激烈的市场竞争中备受青睐。此外，通过哈洽会、冰洽会、绿色食品博览会等平台，哈尔滨市农业开发部门加大了招商引资力度，发展外向型农业，进一步拓展了哈尔滨市郊区农业的发展空间，使哈尔滨市郊区农业逐步融入了世界农业这一大舞台。     

安徽农产品国际竞争力研究

安徽省是我国农业大省,但是其农产品出口竞争力却相对不强,在这种形势下,增强安徽农产品的国际竞争力,对促进安徽农业经济和农产品贸易的发展具有十分重要的意义。文章以安徽省农产品为研究对象,运用国际市场占有率、贸易竞争指数和显示性比较优势指数对我省农产品竞争力作实证分析。在此基础上,结合安徽实际情况,提出了增强安徽农产品国际竞争力的对策建议,如大力发展特色农产品、实施东向发展战略,积极融入长三角地区、提高农业进出口企业国际竞争力途径等。     

论四川省特色新型工业化道路的实现途径

四川省走特色新型工业化道路有其必要性，应从优先发展高新技术产业，实施科教兴川；提升传统产业，振兴装备制造业；大力发展以旅游业为重点的现代服务业；发展农产品深加工，实行农业产业化经营；加快城镇化进程；走可持续发展之路；充分发展人力资源优势等方面来实现。     

比较优势理论与农业区域专业化发展——以福建省为例

应用比较优势理论探讨农业区域专业化发展问题。理论推导得出,按照区域农产品生产优势来选建农业专业化部门能够实现农业增效,提高农业生产整体水平。以福建省为例,采用区位商和平均值法分析了主要农产品生产比较优势。结果表明,福建省多数县份的一种或几种农产品具有显著比较优势,农业生产的区域专业化已现端倪。但目前大多数县份主导产品不显著,专业化生产与农业资源禀赋不相协调。按照县域农产品的比较优势创建农业专业化部门,将是福建省解决"三农"问题和协调县域之间经济发展的有效途径。     

四川省特色农产品互联网+营销发展探讨

互联网及其技术的发展,改变了人们的消费心理和行为,我国农业在此条件下将实现农业的深刻变革,农业信息化的实现还存在一系列问题.本文从四川农产品互联网+政策支持、平台健全、生产集聚等的优势,又关注了四川产品低质、知识局限、成本过高、发展缺陷等的不足,在此基础上提出具体的解决办法,以四川安岳为佐证,为四川省发展特色农产品互联网+营销提供有力支撑.     

农产品区域分工创新研究及对策——以山东地区为例

文章以山东地区为例,运用区域农产品比较优势指标：效率优势指数、规模优势指数、综合优势指数等指标,对山东省1999-2006年主要农产品比较优势进行分析,指出各地区生产各自具有比较优势的农产品,能够提高各自的生产率和竞争力,并据此提出了山东地区农业发展的几点政策建议,试图为山东地区农业的发展提供理论依据。     

黄河流域九省区特色农业高质量发展评价及路径选择

黄河流域特色农业高质量发展是促进农业供给侧结构性改革、满足城乡居民多样化农产品消费需求、协调生态保护的重要途径。对2003—2020年黄河流域9省份特色农业高质量发展进行评价，分析讨论黄河流域特色农业高质量发展时空特征、短板弱项与路径选择。结果表明，黄河流域特色农业高质量发展随时间变动呈逐步提高的特征，内蒙古自治区、四川省、山东省特色农业高质量发展水平和发展速度均具有优势，但是甘肃省、宁夏回族自治区、山西省特色农业高质量发展水平和发展速度均较低，即各省份发展水平与发展速度差异较大，在发展过程中各有优势与弱项。鉴于此，需要补齐短板弱项，促进各地区特色农业全面均衡发展，加强政策支持引领，夯实特色农业发展的制度基础，培育多元市场主体，增强特色农业内生发展动力。     

特色农业产业化发展水平评价体系构建及应用

通过构建新疆特色农业产业化发展水平综合评价指标体系,基于 2010—2017 年间新疆各城市特色农业发展情况的有 关面板数据,进行多层次因子分析,探究新疆特色农业产业化发展现状以及存在的问题,为新疆形成特色农产品优势特区域、 实现特色农产品产业化生产提供理论参考。研究结果表明,2010—2017 年间,新疆区域特色农业产业化水平整体上呈上升趋 势,其中生产基础条件水平不断上升,人均规模化水平发展平稳,市场化水平明显下降,产出绩效水平波动较大。本文的政策 启示是,充分考虑新疆的实际情况,加大农业生产科研投入,稳定特色农作物的产量,同时根据市场需求积极推动供给侧改革, 从而将独特农业资源转化为竞争优势。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.