控股股东股权质押与上市公司会计稳健性

本文以2011～2017年我国沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,实证研究了控股股东股权质押对上市公司会计稳健性的影响,研究发现:控股股东的股权质押行为促进了上市公司会计稳健性的提升,且质押比例越高,会计稳健性的提升越明显;在财务风险较低的上市公司中,控股股东股权质押对会计稳健性的正向影响更加明显。进一步研究发现,由于债权人对会计稳健性有更高的要求,在长期债权比例较高的上市公司中,控股股东股权质押对会计稳健性的影响较小。本文从债权人视角考察了控股股东股权质押的经济后果,对深入认识股权质押和上市公司会计政策选择具有一定的参考价值。     

会计准则与会计制度的兼容与协同——基于对利益相关者调查基础上的讨论

本文以上市公司、上市公司控股股东、债权人、个人投资者、中介机构、政府会计管理（监管）部门等6类会计信息的利益相关者问卷调查的统计资料为依据．对受访者就我国会计准则与会计制度之间关系的态度及其理由进行了总体和分类的分析，在此基础上得出了会计准则与会计制度应相互兼容与协同的基本观点。     

公司治理对实证会计理论的影响

会计信息能够影响公司价值创造和分配的进程,完善公司治理体系能降低资本提供者（股东与债权人）与管理层之间的代理成本,创造公司价值。公司治理应从维护股东利益向维护公司各利益相关者的利益转变,实证会计理论受到实证代理理论的很大影响：在会计实务的研究中也反映了公司利益相关者价值最大化的观点。     

股权流动性与债权人利益保护

本文研究股权流动性对股东-债权人冲突引起的投资不足的影响,并以此为出发点讨论债权人利益保护问题.经实证研究表明,由于流通股股东与非流通股股东目标的差异,股权流动性越低的企业越容易发生股东-债权人冲突引起的投资不足行为,也就是说,股东对债权人利益的侵害越严重.相对于上市公司,非上市公司的股权流动性较差,这就使得非上市公司债权人利益更容易受到侵害.     

中国上市公司股利政策的效应分析

股利政策作为企业的核心财务问题之一，一直受到各方的关注。因为股利的发放既关系到公司股东和债权人的利益，又关系到公司的未来发展。如果支付较高的股利，一方面可使股东获得可观的投资收益，另一方面还会引起公司股票市价上升。但是过高的股利，将使公司留存利润减少，或者影响公司未来发展，或者因举债、增发新股而增加资本成本，最终影响公司未来收益。而较低的股利，虽然使公司有较多的发展资金，但与公司股东的愿望相违背。致使股票价格下降，公司形象受损。因此对股利政策的各方面分析是十分重要的。本文拟就上市公司股利政策的效应作以分析。     

大股东对上市公司掏空与支持的经济学分析

在公司的所有权安排中,大股东拥有公司的控制权,有能力为获取控制权的私人利益而侵占上市公司的资源。但是,当上市公司陷入经营困境时,大股东可能通过减少自己的侵占行为而使公司具有偿债能力,甚至会用自己的资源进行支持以防止公司破产。如果上市公司的投资回报率低于大股东的预期水平,或者预期上市公司无法继续生存下去时,大股东会以公司外部股东和债权人的利益为代价而对上市公司进行掠夺。     

民营上市公司终极控制权与公司绩效关系的实证分析

本文基于所有权集中或相对集中，存在终极控制股东的现实情况，选取了2007－2009年在沪深两市上市交易的1069家民营上市公司作为样本，从终极控制股东与其他股东的利益分歧角度，分析了终极控股股东控制权与现金流权的偏离对公司绩效的影响，并在此基础上考察了民营上市公司在不同的上市方式下，在实际控制人同时担任董事长或总经理时，对公司绩效的影响，这对于改善我国民营上市公司的治理结构有着重要的现实意义。     

上市公司会计信息披露中企业经营者行为剖析

1．上市公司会计信息质量的重要性 从宏观的角度看,上市公司提供的会计信息是一种“社会公共产品”。会计信息与投资者的投资决策、债权人的信贷决策、对企业经济价值和社会价值的评价、政府对微观企业的控制、企业经营管理者的廉政建设等,都密切相关。因此,上市公司会计信息的质量,不仅影响到与企业有利益关系的投资者、债权人等群体的经济利益,而且影响到整个国家的经济秩序和社会秩序。     

股权约束、债权约束与市场约束--我国上市公司约束机制分析

上市公司约束机制是针对公司经营者或经理人而设计的一套控制、监督制度,目的在于防止或减轻经营者的机会主义行为对公司股东、债权人及其他治理相关者的利益损害.上市公司治理体系中主要有三种约束机制:股权约束、债权约束和市场约束.本文拟对上述三种约束机制的特点等作一比较分析,并针对我国上市公司约束机制中存在的问题提出有关政策建议.     

历史亏损企业债权人利益保护研究 ——基于所有者权益结构视角的检验

历史亏损企业所有者权益结构具有高股本、高资本公积、低盈余公积与高负向未分配利润并存的失衡特征。合理设计历史亏损企业所有者权益内在结构，既有利于协调股东、债权人、管理层之间的契约关系，又有利于提高债权人利益保护程度。本文以我国A股上市公司2007—2016年数据进行实证研究发现，对历史亏损企业而言，历史亏损越高，债权人利益保护程度越差；股本越大，债权人利益保护程度越好；资本公积（特别是股本溢价）越大，债权人利益保护程度越差；盈余公积占比较小，对债权人利益保护没有显著影响。本文研究聚焦历史亏损企业，首次从所有者权益结构视角探讨债权人利益保护问题，旨在为国家政策制定提供经验证据。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。