创业学习对创业企业成长的影响机制研究——基于山西非资源型创业企业的多案例分析

在山西经济转型时期,非资源型创业企业对当地经济发展的作用日益凸显.本文从创业学习视角出发,通过对山西非资源型创业企业的多案例分析,探究创业企业的成长机理.研究结果表明,创业学习通过创业战略推动创业企业成长;并发现创业企业处于不同的发展阶段,选择的创业学习方式也存在一定的差异;在企业创建阶段,主要表现为知识导向的创业学习;在企业成长阶段、发展瓶颈阶段和转型升级阶段,主要表现为问题导向的创业学习和目标导向的创业学习.     

Drivers of entrepreneurial aspirations at the country level: the role of start-up motivations and social security

This paper investigates whether various start-up motivations and a country’s level of social security can explain the prevalence of entrepreneurial aspirations. For entrepreneurial aspirations and motivations we use country-level data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) for the year 2005. We distinguish between the necessity motive, independence motive and increase wealth motive and between aspirations in terms of innovativeness, job growth and export orientation. Our findings indicate that social security negatively affects a country’s supply of ambitious entrepreneurship. Our results also suggest that entrepreneurial aspirations in terms of job growth and export relate positively to the increase wealth motive.     

Measuring entrepreneurial quality in southern Europe

The main objective of this paper is working out an empirical methodology to measure the quality of the entrepreneur’s booster function, so that policy makers have an appropriate diagnosis of the qualities of entrepreneurs in their area. In this sense, two essential elements are the construction of an explanatory model, and the establishment of an entrepreneurial typology with respect to quality levels. This methodology is then applied to determine the quality level of entrepreneurs in Seville province (southern Spain), using Partial Least Squares estimation technique on a survey of 278 entrepreneurs from various activity sectors and with firms of different sizes.     

组织模式变迁的一个新研究框架——基于信息技术革命与高素质组织参与者对组织与环境关系的介入

组织与环境的关系,是组织动态性、开放性和能动性的综合体现。组织与环境关系的发展促使了组织模式的转变。信息技术革命和高素质组织参与者对组织与环境的关系具有重要的影响,弄清楚它们对组织与环境关系的具体影响过程,是了解组织模式演变的基础。因此,一个基于信息技术革命和高素质组织参与者的行为给组织与环境之间的动态性、开放性和能动性带来的影响的全面分析框架,是研究组织模式变化与组织与环境关系之间联系的合适选择。     

水平组织：以顾客为导向的组织结构

组织结构自上而下的垂向形态开始受到一种组织结构水平化思想的挑战。本文针对这种水平组织的面向流程、以顾客为导向的特点和优势作了深入的分析,并对其实现问题进行一些探讨。     

Developing an entrepreneurial typology: the roles of entrepreneurial alertness and attributional style

This study develops an entrepreneurial typology employing two dimensions, high versus low entrepreneurial alertness and internal versus external attributional styles that helps illustrate why entrepreneurs start new businesses. The resulting 2 × 2 typology of entrepreneurs identifies four entrepreneur types based on these two dimensions: the true believer, clueless, practical, and reluctant. Using a representative sample of 315 nascent entrepreneurs from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, we found that some types differed across three key entrepreneurial characteristics, need for achievement, risk-taking propensity, and commitment, thereby providing some preliminary empirical support for the typology’s validity. We conclude by discussing future research avenues.     

试论运用指标体系进行可持续性环境评价

可持续发展是保证人类永续地生存于地球上的唯一道路。可持续性环境影响评价针对政策、规划和计划方案进行评价,同时包括对计划和规划本身的评价。本文结合建设项目环境影响评价的经验与不足,提出可持续性环境影响评价的必要性、基本概念、思路和评价技术方法的基本构想,针对如何建立可持续性环境影响评价的指标体系及其运用综合指标评价系统的可持续性等方面内容进行了初步探讨。     

创业者胜任力模型构建及综合测评研究

创业者胜任力对创业企业有着至关重要的作用.文章在以往创业者和创业者胜任素质理论的基础上,构建创业者胜任力模型,并在其基础上确定相应的测评指标体系,利用层次分析法确定各个指标权重,建立创业者胜任力测评规范指标体系,通过对创业者胜任力的综合测评并利用spss17.0对测评结果进行分析,为创业者以及创业者胜任力的开发与培养提供相应参考.     

Role model influences on entrepreneurial intentions: A comparison between USA and Mexico

Most research and popular writing includes entrepreneurial role models as an important factor in the decision to start a business. Few, if any, studies compare the influence of business owner role models between two different countries. Further, studies cite the importance of role models for potential entrepreneurs but ignore how the role model process actually works. This study looks at activities that role models might engage in and compares their influence on respondents in the US and Mexico. This is the first study that examines differences in role model influence between two countries. Ten of the variables are significantly different between respondents in the two countries. Nine of the differences were rated as being significantly more influential among Mexican students than US students while only one variable was rated as being significantly less influential. Results of the study, especially as related to the specific influence of role models on career intentions, may be relevant in designing entrepreneurship programs. The results may also be appropriate in courses that discuss entrepreneurship in different countries (e.g., international entrepreneurship). The results may also be relevant in family businesses where eventual continuity of family ownership through succession is desired.     

国际新创企业海外创业机会识别与开发

国际新创企业作为一种新型的创业形式和国际企业组织类型,对传统的国际化理论提出了挑战。本文基于国际创业的视角,从创业机会的角度来探讨国际新创企业创立与成长问题,揭示了国际新创企业创业机会的来源以及企业家机会识别与开发过程及其影响因素。     

企业家学习研究方法现状评述与展望

企业家能力的成长和学习型组织的兴起使企业家学习成为企业管理领域的一个研究重点。通过搜索相关数据库对国内外企业家学习的相关文献与书籍的分析,本研究总结归纳了国内外研究企业家学习的研究方法。国外对于企业家学习的研究已经逐步趋向成熟,研究的方法多种多样而且非常规范,包括规范研究和实证研究;相对而言,国内的研究方法比较单一而且不够规范。国外对于企业家学习的研究定性分析居多．而国内则定量研究较定性研究多。因此,对于企业家学习的研究方法,除了多样性与规范性之外,定量研究和多学科交叉方法都为未来的研究提供了借鉴。