The Stability of Global Market Segmented by Usage Rates of Agricultural Products

Abstract

An important question for international marketing managers is whether the international market segments, identified through usage rates of some agricultural products, remain similar over a short time period. The results of this study have revealed that the size of the usage-rate segments usually remains similar over a short time period, but some members (countries) of the segments (light users and heavy users) could shift cluster, which may relatively change the size of the segments. Also the characteristics of each segment remain almost similar over a short time period.     

Market and Welfare Effects of Second-Generation, Consumer-Oriented GM Products

We examine the economic effects of the introduction of consumer-oriented genetically modified (GM) products into the food system by developing a model of heterogeneous consumers and producers that allows for vertical and horizontal differentiation between the products available to consumers. The model facilitates the estimation of consumer and producer surpluses in the product/utility and product/net returns spaces. Results show that the introduction of consumer-oriented GM products can change the relationship between GM and conventional and organic products from one of vertical to one of horizontal product differentiation and can enhance both economic welfare and the market acceptance and growth of agricultural biotechnology.     

劳动力市场分割、要素配置效率与农产品流通产业增长——一个有调节的中介效应检验

本文通过建立有调节的中介效应模型,探讨了劳动力市场分割影响农产品流通产业增长的路径.研究表明,产业间劳动力市场分割和城乡间劳动力市场分割都显著地抑制了农产品流通产业增长,并通过有调节的中介路径产生影响;产业间劳动力市场分割比城乡间的劳动力市场分割在更大程度上维护了农产品流通产业较低的要素配置效率;规模效率对要素配置效率...     

近代太原地区的粮价动向与粮食市场--以《退想斋日记》为中心

本文通过利用《退想斋日记》中所记录的近代山西太原地区粮食价格数据，分析了近代太原粮价的长期变动趋势，并在此基础上考察了该地区的粮食流通市场状况。本文认为：清代太原地区的粮食流通体系已经形成，并有一定程度的发展，它所具有的两级粮食流通体系——外部省际与内部县际流通渠道，使太原地区的粮价能够保持一种长期相对稳定的局面。     

青藏高原史前农业起源与发展研究

辽阔的青藏高原作为一个独特的地理单元,对远古时期这一地区的人类活动产生了深远的影响,是藏民族的发祥地和主要聚居区。史前考古遗址表明,早在四五千年前,青藏高原的先民们已经逐渐脱离了渔猎采集活动,从事作物种植、家畜饲养和渔业活动。畜牧业是青藏高原地区最古老的农业生产部门,家畜以牦牛和猪为主;这一地区的种植业与北方黄土高原相似,是以旱地作物为主,作物主要有青稞、小麦、粟、豌豆等,起初可能受到起源于中原的粟作农业文化的影响,随后也可能受到西亚麦作文化的影响。     

Inserting GM Products into the Food Chain: The Market and Welfare Effects of Different Labeling and Regulatory Regimes

The purpose of this article is to examine the system-wide effects of the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products with and without labeling and to compare these two regimes to a third regime where GM products are not present either because they have not yet been developed or because they have been banned. For each regime, the decisions and welfare of consumers, producers, and life science companies are examined. The article explicitly incorporates the consumer response to the introduction of GM technology and considers different market structures of the life science sector.     

城乡建设用地市场一体化视角下农地发展权价格研究

在国内外农地发展权已有的研究基础上,从机会成本及资源环境经济学角度对农地发展权价格进行阐述,指出农地发展权价格是农用地变更为建设用地后价值增值的货币表现,是一种增值收益的价格,其源于不同利用方式下土地产出率的差别。采用相应的评估方法,对农地发展权价格进行了量化,并以长沙大河西先导区为例,测算出研究区农地发展权价格为187.61元/m~2。     

超市与供应链上游主体农产品质量控制行为的博弈分析

超市在与农贸市场的竞争中必须立足于“以质取胜”。超市要即时、高效地获得质量可靠的农产品供应，选择最合适的供应链方式并对其实施有效管理是根本的前提和基础。本文通过完全信息条件下重复博弈模型的分析，结果表明：超市和供应链上游主体形成稳定的合作关系，可以减少各主体的“以次充好”等质量投机行为，有利于超市获得高质量的农产品供给；进一步使用完全信息和不完全信息条件下的委托-代理模型分析，其结果则表明：在与上游主体形成稳定的合作关系后。超市还应设计包含有效的激励和约束等内容的供应链契约，以确保供应链上游主体的行为不偏离于超市的农产品质量控制目标。     

回归理性,促进房地产市场平稳健康发展

房地产市场是经济市场和金融市场的重要组成部分,由于房地产产业特征决定房地产市场在国民经济中的地位和作用,是构建和谐社会的重要内容。目前因整个房地产市场已融入经济市场和金融市场,投资性和投机性需求是抬高房价的重要原因,应回归市场理性,采取多种方式促进房地产市场平稳健康发展,达到人人都有房住的目的。     

福建省矿权市场建设存在的问题与对策

本文以福建省的情况为例,分析了矿权市场建设中存在的挂牌出让的矿权数量少、有实力的矿山企业不足、政府部门之间不协调、中介机构薄弱、二级市场发展缓慢等问题,并从思想观念、法律法规等六个方面分析了产生上述问题的原因,并提出了完善矿权市场建设的六项对策建议。     

Replacement of Agricultural Price Supports by Area Payments in the European Union and the Effects on Pesticide Use

This article determines the contribution of recent European Union agricultural policy reforms on the use of pesticides. Our theoretical model extends the multioutput generalization of the Lichtenberg–Zilberman damage control technology model developed by Chambers and Lichtenberg . Our empirical analysis uses farm-level data for a sample of French farms. Results suggest that price effects on the use of pesticides are always more elastic than area payment effects. This indicates that policy reforms consisting of a reduction in price supports in favor of area payments, may reduce application of crop protection inputs. Such policy changes, which represent a certain degree of decoupling, took place under the 1992 Common Agricultural Policy reforms.     

英国农业革命及其对工业化的影响

农业革命是英国由农业社会迈向工业化的纽带，它涵盖了技术性和制度性两大因素，历时300年左右，使排他性的个人土地产权最终得以确立，使农业劳动生产效率得以大幅度提高，并从中孕育出了工业文明。     

Advertising Functional Foods: The Effects of Physical Body Size and Appeal Type on Ad Credibility and Purchase Intentions

When advertising functional foods, whether these are in solid or liquid form, marketers can choose different appeal types in combination with different endorser characteristics. In this research study, the authors examine how the credibility of such an ad and purchase intentions for the advertised product are influenced by the physical body size of the endorser and the appeal type used. Based on a 2 × 2 full factorial design, they find that in an ad for an energy drink, endorser body size has an effect on both of these dependent variables, while no differences are found between a functional and an emotional appeal.     

民国时期商检新政的推行与贸易危机应对--以出口蛋品为考察中心

商品检验是国际贸易中不可或缺的重要环节。20世纪初,我国蛋品出口数量迅速增长,由此引发的商品纠纷也愈加频繁,而检验环节几乎缺失。1928年南京国民政府颁布《商品出口检验暂行规则》,次年成立官方机构,开始实施自主检验。其中包括对蛋品建立出口标准,科学严格地执行检验;深入蛋品生产加工环节进行改良指导;主导实施蛋业救济等。这一过程不仅有效地提高了蛋品质量,减少贸易失利因素,而且对新旧变革期的蛋业及相关行业发展,增加我国对外贸易中的话语权都有重要作用。但由于战争和检验本身的不足,南京国民政府的检政实践最终未能完全化解蛋业危机。     

农民对农地保障功能的主观认知差异及影响因素分析——基于浙、赣、桂三省506份农户调查

研究目的:实证分析农民对农地保障功能的主观认知及区域差异,应用排序选择模型研究农地保障功能主观认知差异的影响因素,并提出相关政策建议。研究方法:描述统计分析,排序选择模型。研究结果:浙、赣、桂三省506份农户问卷中,64.2%的农户认为承包地对他们生活的总体作用并不大,但94.7%的农户同时认为种田虽然不赚钱,但可以为基本生活提供最后保障;浙、赣、桂三省农民在"承包地对他们生活总体作用"这一问题的主观认知上存在显著区域差异;影响农民对农地保障功能主观认知的因素主要有人均耕地面积、农地收入占家庭总收入比重、村庄离县城(城市)的交通距离以及区域宏观区位特征等。研究结论:要大力提高农户农业收入,切实保障农民土地权益;要推进农地流转与使用制度改革,实现土地要素的有效流转和适度集中;应充分认识农地保障功能存在区域差异这一现实背景,考虑不同农户主体自身禀赋和区域资源、经济和社会发展条件的差异性,因地制宜进行农地产权制度创新。