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我国农村低保对象的科学界定 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
最低生活保障制度覆盖的范围应是一个国家的全体公民,合理科学地界定农村居民最低生活保障制度的保障对象是建立和完善农村低保制度的基础。就此,本文通过对我国农村最低生活保障制度的现状和低保对象条件的分析,提出了低保对象的6种具体范围,并揭示了这一领域还需解决的一些问题。 相似文献
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赵卓 《中国农业资源与区划》2017,38(4):85-89
[目的]通过总结现状及取得的成果,挖掘农村低保制度实施过程中存在问题并提出解决问题的政策性建议,以期为农村地区社会保障体系的建设、完善提供理论支持。[方法]文章基于统计年鉴与文献分析法,采取问卷、座谈、入户走访等方法,以低保享受家庭、低保管理人员及其他群众为调研对象,随机抽样了解最低生活保障制度在管理执行中存在的问题;并基于各省的统计年鉴,统计分析各省的最低生活保障标准和人均医疗的差异性;由此提出设置低保准入强制性条件、推行低保时限及渐退制度、开展低保专项治理工作等对策。[结果]北京、上海等发达城市的农村低保标准明显高于中西部欠发达地区,而同属于发达省份的广东省低保标准远低于北京、上海,主要原因是由广东省内部各地区贫富差距所引起的区域差异。各省市农村医疗标准差距不大,主要原因是物价指数、医价指数在全国范围内基本无差距。[结论]目前我国农村低保人数逐渐增加,农村低保补贴标准有了较大提高;与此同时,我国最低生活保障制度也存在着农村贫困线较低、各省(市)低保标准差异较大、低保对象确定程序缺乏公开、公正性。 相似文献
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日本最低生活保障制度对我国农村低保建设的启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
日本最低生活保障制度建设的基本经验主要表现为具有中西文化结合的制度基础、完善的立法体系、基本原则和法律特征。我国建立农村低保具有必要性和可行性,构建我国农村低保的法律对策应包括加强农村低保法律制度建设,明确被保障者的权利与义务,增进农村低保实施程序规范化,落实农村低保相关责任制度。 相似文献
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我国农村最低生活保障资金是用于保障收入难以维持最基本生活的农村贫困人口的社会救济性资金,它是按照农村最低生活保障制度设置的.其主要目的在于使农村中的贫困弱势群体有衣穿、有饭吃.农村最低生活保障制度与农村社会养老保险制度、农村医疗保险制度不同,其资金来源主要依靠各级财政拨款和社会捐赠.政府有责任、有义务在建立完善农村最低生活保障制度的同时,建立相应管理制度,以保障农村最低生活保障制度的落实.农村最低生活保障资金会计核算则是这个监督管理制度的重要组成部分. 相似文献
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农村最低生活保障制度是国家和社会为保障收入难以维持最基本生活的农村贫困人口而建立的一种社会救济制度。建立农村最低生活保障制度不仅能及时有效地保障农民群众的基本生活权益,促进农村社会经济稳定协调发展,而且也是能否尽快建立与完善农村保障制度的关键。目前这一制度在大部分地区仍未真正建立起来。因此,尽快建立农村最低生活保障制度已成为人们关注的热点。 相似文献
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长期以来,最低生活保障制度考虑的对象范围主要限于城市居民,广大农村除少数有条件的地方自行实施了局部的、有限的最低生活保障外,全国统筹城乡的低保制度供给基本付诸阙如.在城乡差距迅速拉大的背景下,建立农村最低生活保障制度已刻不容缓. 相似文献
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国土资源与可持续发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
周永康 《国土资源科技管理》2000,17(1):1-10
今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳… 相似文献
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王文 《国土资源科技管理》2000,17(3):52-55,44
本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。 相似文献
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江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。 相似文献
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The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects. 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment. 相似文献