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1.
考虑能源、环境因素的中国工业效率评价——基于SBM模型的省级数据分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
如何在提高技术效率的同时,降低工业的资源环境负荷,实现经济与资源环境的多赢,是摆在全世界面前的严峻课题。本文采用SBM模型,利用线性规划技术,对1998-2008年资源环境约束下我国工业的环境效率展开实证分析。我们发现,总体上,在资源环境约束与技术进步的共同作用下,全国SBM环境效率微降;从静态观察,地区尤其是西部与东部沿海地区之间,协调性水平存在明显差距,从动态观察,沿海与中部地区工业与资源环境协调性变化不大,而东北与西部地区均出现了阶段性下降。究其原因:经济结构重型化、工业企业规模过大制约SBM环境效率的提高;生活水平提高、自主创新与技术引进、外商直接投资则有利于工业与资源环境协调发展。 相似文献
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笔者应用DEA方法,对我国15家主要银行机构的整体生产效率、纯技术效率、规模效率进行研究。研究发现,2002年以来我国银行机构通过市场化的股份制改造,提升了核心竞争力,银行机构的整体效率提高,这在一定程度上反映了我国金融改革所取得的成绩。 相似文献
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上市公司治理结构效率评估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立有效的公司治理结构无论对于所有者还是对于投资者而言都是有利的。基于诸如委托代理人理论、不对称信息理论等前沿理论成果,兼顾考虑到正在发展中的中国资本市场环境,本文运用数据包络分析(DEA)分析和研究了中国上市公司治理结构的有效性和效率。 相似文献
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应用DEA方法评测中国各地区健康生产效率 总被引:48,自引:1,他引:48
本文将地区健康系统视为健康生产决策单元,通过数据包络分析方法(DEA)对地区健康生产进行效率评测和影响因素分析。我们发现:各年份处于生产前沿面上的省份各不相同,而远离前沿面的省份基本一致,总体而言平均健康生产效率不断提高;根据效率和产出可以将全国划分为六类具有不同的效率提高路径的地区;健康生产效率在东、中、西部,东、西部和东、中部之间存在显著差异;地区人口密度与健康生产效率之间存在显著的相关关系,公共健康投入比例与健康生产效率之间呈现并不十分显著的负相关关系,这可能是公共财政支出不当偏重倾向的结果;城乡居民在支付能力与健康生产效率之间的关系上恰好相反,这可能与城乡之间截然不同的收入水平和公共服务待遇相关,因而应当采取有针对性的医疗卫生政策。 相似文献
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上海市产学研合作效率评价——基于分行业数据的DEA分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过建立产学研合作创新效率的评价指标体系,应用数据包络分析(DEA)方法对上海市13个主要制造业的产学研合作创新效率进行了实证分析。结果表明,上海市政府研发投入的力度较大,产学研合作的体制正在形成,但是尚有一些行业其研发投入的效率还有待提高。因此,在推动产学研合作的过程中要注重竞争机制的引入,同时发挥市场导向与政府引导的作用,不断探索新的产学研合作方式,并结合行业特点动态调整政府介入的方式,因地制宜地制定产学研合作创新的政策,提高产学研合作创新的效率。 相似文献
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我国地区科技投入对经济增长贡献及其影响因素——基于DEA与Tobit方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文利用数据包络方法(DEA)对我国31个地区2005年科技投入技术效率、技术与规模效率进行总体评价,并利用Tobit回归模型对影响科技投入的无效率因素予以识别。研究表明,我国地区科技投入在效率上存在显著差异,并且不少地区效率低下;科技投入对经济增长贡献总体偏低;技术与规模效率共同有效的地区较少;科技人员和科技经费相对于投入规模而言,其产出效率不高;R&D经费、技术市场成交合同金额是影响科技投入无效率的重要因素。 相似文献
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我国主要沿海港口的动态效率评价 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
本文利用数据包络分析法(DEA)对我国50家主要沿海港口1999—2002年的经营效率进行总体分析与评价,并利用Malmquist生产率指数对这些沿海港口的效率变动进行分析与评价。研究结果表明,我国沿海港口存在严重的投入拥挤与资源浪费现象;同时,各区域的沿海港口在总体效率、纯技术效率与规模效率方面存在地区差异,沿海港口的纯技术效率在下降。这些结果表明,要从根本上提高港口经营效率,一方面,必须整合港口资源,防止盲目扩大港口的基础设施;另一方面,通过港口与其他系统协调发展来消除影响港口效率提高的因素。 相似文献
8.
中国财产保险业效率实证分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
据中国财产保险公司1999年-2003年相关数据统计,通过运用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对各家公司的技术效率的测度和实证分析,表明我国财产保险公司5年内综合技术效率呈锯齿形渡动,极不稳定。在对技术效率进行分解后发现,投入要素用拥挤测度和纯技术效率值比较接近生产前沿面,且规模效率值的变化是造成综合技术效益波动的主要因素。 相似文献
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基于不同经济区域与行业的并购效率比较 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
上市公司所处的经济区域及行业会显著影响并购效率,目前这方面的研究还非常不够。本文利用改进的DEA(数据包络分析)模型进行分析,实证结果发现:总体上看,随着资本市场制度的不断完善及市场监管的强化,自2001年以来,并购市场的效率在稳步提高,2005年以后更为显著;并购集中于信息产业、生物医药、房地产、社会服务、能源电力、商业类等行业,成为目前并购市场的热点领域,且不同行业的并购效率存在显著差异;不同经济区域的上市公司并购效率存在明显区域差别。究其原因,主要在于各经济区域所拥有的自然条件及资源禀赋状况不同、市场化程度及政府干预程度不同所致。 相似文献
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中国保险机构资金运用效率研究:基于资源型两阶段DEA模型 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
本文采用中国保险机构1999—2006年共246个样本数据,通过建立资源型两阶段DEA的效率评估模型,测算了保险机构资金运用过程的两阶段效率水平和变化轨迹。研究发现,中国保险业无论是资金筹集阶段和资金收益阶段的子效率,还是资金运用全过程的整体效率,得分都不高,全行业仍有大量的资源因管理不善而被浪费掉。与外资机构相比,中资保险机构在资金运用上的整体效率优势表现出V型趋势,具体表现为中资保险机构在资金筹集阶段的效率优势不再显著,在资金收益阶段则被外资机构反超并表现出一定效率差距。进一步的分析发现,虽然中资寿险机构在资金筹集阶段的效率占有一定优势,但在收益阶段的效率亟待提高,而中资财险机构在资金筹集阶段和收益阶段均面临着相当严峻的考验。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTLatin America is one of the most ethnically diverse regions in the world, and is also characterized by high levels of poverty. As a poverty alleviation tool, microfinance emerged in the region and has significantly evolved over the years. However, the implications of the region’s high diversity on the performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs) are however not known. We attempt to fill this gap by providing evidence on the association between MFI performance and indices of ethnic and linguistic fractionalization. Our findings suggest that fractionalization promotes MFI financial performance but is detrimental to outreach depth. These results are robust to various sensitivity tests. 相似文献
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A DEA model for resource allocation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abdollah Hadi-Vencheh Ali Asghar Foroughi Majid Soleimani-damaneh 《Economic Modelling》2008,25(5):983-993
This paper concerns inverse DEA. The aim is to estimate input/output levels of a given Decision Making Unit (DMU) when some or all of its input/output levels are changed, under preserving the efficiency index. We show that in the case of estimating increased required input vector when the output vector is increased, the current method which uses weakly efficient solution of the relevant multiple objective optimization problem may fail. We propose some sufficient conditions for input estimation. 相似文献
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从微观角度收集了2002-2009年6 718家上市公司的数据,首先采用DEA方法进行分析,发现进行国有资产管理体制改革后,中央、地方国有企业和民营企业在技术效率、规模效率上不存在差异,但在纯技术效率上存在差异,且中央>民营>地方;然后以技术效率为因变量,以公司内部治理的激励和约束机制各因素为自变量,建立Tobit回归模型进行分析,发现影响这3种类型企业效率的因素均有高管和普通职工收入差距、高管货币薪酬、高管在职消费、第一大股东持股比例和规模,而独立董事比例和职工监事比例对它们的效率均无影响。 相似文献
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以2012-2016年中国东部地区9个省市高技术行业为样本,运用两阶段DEA模型和交叉DEA模型相结合的方法对其高技术产业创新运营效率进行评价,并结合自评效率和他评效率进行地区间效率、行业间效率比较。结果表明,中国东部地区高技术产业整体效率仍然偏低,但高技术产业区位优势明显,技术开发阶段和经济转化阶段效率表现出差异化特征;通过定性比较分析提出两类触发高技术产业效率的前因构型。通过融合两阶段数据包络分析、交叉数据包络分析和定性分析,以山东省为例提出进一步提升高技术产业效率的建议,为高技术产业管理实践提供参考。 相似文献
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By using Data Envelopment Analysis approach, we treat the health production system in a certain province as a Decision Making
Unit (DMU), identify its inputs and outputs, evaluate its technical efficiency in 1982, 1990 and 2000 respectively, and further
analyze the relationship between efficiency scores and social-environmental variables. This paper has found several interesting
findings. Firstly, provinces on frontier in different year are different, but provinces far from the frontier keep unchanged.
The average efficiency of health production has made a significant progress from 1982 to 2000. Secondly, all provinces in
China can be divided into six categories in terms of health production outcome and efficiency, and each category has specific
approach of improving health production efficiency. Thirdly, significant differences in health production efficiencies have
been found among the eastern, middle and western regions in China, and among the eastern and middle regions. At last, there
is significant positive relationship between population density and health production efficiency but negative relationship
(not very significant) between the proportions of public health expenditure in total expense and efficiency. Maybe it is the
result of inappropriate tendency of public expenditure. The relationship between abilities to pay for health care services
and efficiency in urban areas is opposite to that in rural areas. One possible reason is the totally different income and
public services treatments between rural and urban residents. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust health policies and service
provisions which are specifically designed to different population groups.
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Translated from Jingji Yanjiu 经济研究 (Economic Research Journal), 2006, (7): 92–105 相似文献
19.
Roger Carrington Tim Coelli D. S. Prasada Rao 《Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy》2005,24(2):145-163
Universities in Australia have undergone profound changes over the past fifteen years, primarily as a result of changes in Federal Government policies and the growth in overseas student enrolments. Debate has ensued regarding the effects of these changes upon the productive efficiency of universities, and upon the quality of their outcomes. However, given the non‐priced nature of many university outputs, traditional measures of productivity growth (involving revenue weighted outputs) have been unavailable. In this study we obtain measures of productivity growth by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods to annual data relating to thirty‐five universities over the 1996 to 2000 period. Discussion in the paper focuses on the conceptual challenges involved in developing measures of university performance that account for both the quantity and quality of the services provided. The empirical results suggest that the sector is relatively efficient and that productivity growth was superior to most sectors of the economy. However, concerns with data quality and availability are noted, and the need for further empirical work is emphasised. 相似文献
20.
Georg Westermanna 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(1):23-44
In this paper we put forward a model that explains a firm's employment growth with the degree of technological efficiency and labour costs. To measure efficiency, we use a non-parametric linear programming method. DEA. The results of empirical analysis of 450 firms in 12 manufacturing sectors confirm that innovative firms experience stronger employment growth. Because the demand growth effect of technological leadership outweighs the factor saving effect, firms which m technological leaders are in most cases the creators of jobs. Technologically backward firms, on the other hand, have few options to compensate their demand loss probably caused by deteriorating competitiveness. Consequently, their employment growth is relatively weak. The employment growth additionally depends on the type of factor combination, i.e. the technological trajectory chosen by an individual firm. The trajectory's effects vary significantly across industries. The effect of labour costs is generally negative. However, technologically leading industries are. less sensitive to increases in labour costs than nature industries. 相似文献