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1.
陈和平 《全球科技经济瞭望》2009,24(4):5-8
2009财年,美国政府农业部预算为970亿美元,比2008财年增长了5.1%。营养援助和农作物保险部分的增长幅度最大,自主支配部分为210亿美元,比上年增长了1.6%;自然资源保护、研究以及农村发展预算有所减少;畜牧业、植物保护和食品安全计划预算南所增加。 相似文献
2.
本文在正确认识美国联邦政府和州政府之间的关系基础上.着重对美国的地方行政区划、地方行政区划单位和地方行政区划的特点进行了论述.进而讨论了美国联邦政府—州政府—地方政府之间的相互关系以及州政府之间的关系.形成了对美国地方行政区划的一些比较正确的认识。 相似文献
3.
This article investigates the effect of remittances on U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It covers 26 countries for the period 1983–2010. The results show a positive and significant impact of remittances on U.S. FDI flows. However, this effect depends upon the level of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of the host country. On average, the results show that increasing remittances by one standard deviation increases U.S. FDI flows by 0.44 percent a year. Also, host country demand positively affects U.S. FDI flows, which supports the market size hypothesis. 相似文献
4.
Finance literature suggests the use of the Accounting Beta (BACC) as a proxy for the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) market beta to estimate the cost of equity capital when the stock price is not available. Previous researchers have aimed to achieve this objective by determining the correlation between accounting variables and the market beta. However, the magnitude of the resulting error in this correlation has remained unknown. The current study is an attempt to test the performance of the BACC as a proxy measure for the market risk and to examine the extent of the statistical error in the correlation between these two measures. Our findings indicate that BACC overestimates the market beta by between 20% and 50%. Applying some corrective measures, such as operational earnings scaled by equity, may lessen this difference to a range of 22%–25%; however, it does not eliminate the error. Our output also suggests that the BACC might be biased when used to assess the risk of small firms. 相似文献
5.
美国贸易壁垒浅析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
美波 《国际技术经济研究》2002,5(2):35-41
作为世界经济与贸易大国,美国在倡导贸易投资自由化、相对开放本国市场的同时,实施一整套严格的旨在保护本国企业利益的进口管理体制和相关贸易投资措施,涉及关税、非关税措施、技术性贸易壁垒、服务贸易、知识产权等诸多领域。对美国贸易壁垒的研究有助于我辩证地把握全球化趋势,应对加入世界贸易组织的挑战,扩大机遇。 相似文献
6.
This study considered the conservation of money in a closed economic system. In such system, the probability distribution of money is exponential, and similar to the Boltzmann-Gibbs function in a closed energy system. The theoretical concept of econophysics is compared here with empirical data. The current work analyzes the recent data with regard to personal income distribution obtained from United States Census Bureau for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008. The data was best fitted with the exponential function, which supports the theoretical assumption for the income of the majority of the population. This study also investigates this distribution for a population with high personal income. 相似文献
7.
Shatakshee Dhongde;Prasanta K. Pattanaik;Yongsheng Xu; 《Review of Income and Wealth》2024,70(3):820-839
In this paper we provide a framework to measure an individual's multidimensional well-being and discuss two approaches to measuring inequality in multidimensional well-being. The framework is used to study inequality in multidimensional well-being in the United States in the last decade. Using data from the Current Population Survey on three well-being indicators, namely, income, health, and education, we first compute a multidimensional well-being index for every individual in the sample and then study inequality of well-being thus obtained. We find that inequality in well-being increased between 2010 and 2014 and decreased between 2014 and 2019. We test the sensitivity of our results by using alternative measures of inequality and attaching alternative weights to well-being indicators. 相似文献
8.
Antoon Spithoven 《Journal of economic issues》2017,51(3):688-697
Demand is an incentive for investment. The latter is necessary to create employment. If demand lags behind supply, then unemployment and underemployment rise. Persistent unemployment and underemployment indicate a dysfunctional price mechanism. Then, only governments can stimulate demand. They may equalize ex ante saving and investment by public investment, income redistribution, or market regulation. 相似文献
9.
AbstractBackground: IVF is now a wide spread procedure globally, and currently 65 countries report annually all or part of their IVF/ICSI cycles, from which the International Committee Monitoring progress in Assisted Reproduction Technology (ICMART) published its report. There is considerable variation in the utilization (number of cycles per population) globally.Aims: The objectives of this study were to assess whether utilization is related to national wealth, presented as gross domestic product (GDP), and whether the GDP has any effect on success in IVF treatment, mainly delivery and clinical pregnancy rates.Results: The results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between utilization and GDP (CC = 0.563, p?=?0.00000194), and both utilization and GDP have strong negative correlations to successful outcome of the treatment-clinical pregnancy rate (CC: ?0.460, p?=?0.00015; CC: ?0.399, p?=?0.0012, respectively) and delivery rates (cc = ?0.396, p?=?0.00484; cc = ?0.3, p?=?0.0179, respectively).Conclusions: Poor nations have less utilization of IVF, probably due to the limited affordability of the treatment, but reassuringly do not seem to have less success in the treatment. Further research is required to fully understand the implications of these correlations and to better design national and international fertility policies. 相似文献
10.
卫之奇 《全球科技经济瞭望》2013,(8):7-11,76
2013年1月,美国能源部发布《乏燃料及高放废物管理的处置战略》。通过对新出台的核废物处置战略的系统设计和组织实施的要素及面临的挑战进行分析,得出如下结论:该战略力图解决高放废物的处置这一世界性课题,并提出了三步走目标,其实施的关键在于同意制选址机制的确立和运行、相关资金机制的改革、建立专门的新的核废物管理和处置机构、以及美国国会给予新的立法授权等。此外,公众的理解和支持也至关重要。美国处置核废物战略对我国开展核废物处置及相关选址工作有一定启迪。 相似文献
11.
Richard E. Mueller 《Applied economics》2013,45(22):3197-3210
Considerable media attention had been directed towards the flow of highly talented Canadians to the United States in the 1990s. There are firm theoretical reasons, however, to believe that qualitative differences in migration began as early as the 1980s, owing to the widening distribution of earnings and the related increased returns to education in the United States relative to Canada, both of which could result in qualitative improvements in the migration flow. US immigration policy remained essentially unchanged during the 1980s, but changed markedly in the 1990s owing to the implementation of the Canada–US Free Trade Agreement (CUFTA) and its successor, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). We use a flexible empirical approach to document these changes in immigrant quality using 1980, 1990 and 2000 US census data. Our results suggest that improvements in Canadian immigrant quality occurred during the 1990s, but these also happened earlier, casting doubt on the hypothesis of improving Canadian immigrant quality in the 1990s. Quantile regressions also show that improvement in the entry quality of immigrants was not limited to the upper tail of the earnings distribution. 相似文献
12.
2014年5月,美国发布《第三次气候变化国家评估报告》,报告内容包括美国的气候变化事实,气候变化对水资源、农业、林业、能源、交通等主要经济部门的影响,气候变化对美国十大区域的影响,以及美国应对气候变化的战略等四大部分。该报告是美国迄今最全面、权威和透明的气候变化评估报告。通过对报告的内容、发布背景及特点进行介绍和分析,从我国国内气候变化科学研究、基于风险的气候变化决策、加强气候变化科普宣传以及中美气候变化合作等方面,提出了相关政策建议。 相似文献
13.
从20世纪90年代开始,物流受到中国政府的高度重视,尤其是进入21世纪以来,中国政府出台了一系列的政策法规来促进中国物流的发展,对物流产业起到了积极的推动作用。但是,学习和借鉴美国政府在物流发展中的经验可使我们取长补短,实现跨越式发展。 相似文献
14.
The empirical evidence presented in this study indicates that political contributions and corruption are complements, rather than substitutes. Based on panel data for seven election cycles, regression results show that in the United States, political contributions and federal corruption convictions are positively correlated. Accordingly, we propose an alternative explanation for the relationship between political contributions and corruption: two components of a comprehensive strategy for rent-seeking. As long-term investments, political contributions influence legislators to change the rules of the game; as short-term investments, corruption influences public officials to sidestep the existing rules, in order to maximize the rent collected. 相似文献
15.
Dennis C. Mueller 《Empirica》1996,23(3):229-253
This paper reviews the history of US antimerger policy. This history is divided into three periods: a period in which there was almost no effective antimerger policy at all from 1890 up to 1959, a period of vigorous antimerger policy from 1950 up through 1973, and a period of lax enforcement from 1974 to the present. The paper accounts for these shifts in antimerger policy and discusses their effects. After reviewing the logic and consequences of US antimerger policy, a critique of its permises is offered, particularly as these premises apply to the recent era of lax enforcement. The paper closes with suggestions for an alternative approach to antimerger policy that is consistent with the empirical evidence on why mergers occur and their effects. 相似文献
16.
张于喆 《全球科技经济瞭望》2014,(5):26-31
虽然各国国情和科技发展水平存在着种种差异,推动创新的发展模式也不尽相同,但是,美国在促进自主创新方面积累了大量的经验和实践,并取得了一系列良好成效,值得我们学习借鉴。美国自主创新的特点和基本经验,主要体现在:突出科技的战略地位,私营部门是自主创新的主体,不断加强产学研等创新行为主体间的联系与合作,政府在促进自主创新过程中发挥重要作用,注重创新环境的构建等。美国的繁荣永远不会依靠低工资或低价格,而是依靠开发新产品和生成新行业,在科学发展和技术创新中充当世界引擎。 相似文献
17.
美国是世界上消费者权益保护思想萌发最早、消费者权益保护措施及实践最为完备的国家,对美国消费者权益保护机构、消费者权益保护立法、物价控制、消费争议解决方式、消费者权益保护特色进行探析,对我国消费者权益保护的进一步完善将具有重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
18.
赵向东 《全球科技经济瞭望》2009,24(5):21-23
本文分析了美国能源部近年来汽车领域的研发动态,指出充电式混合动力汽车已成为未来汽车业的发展方向。美国政府通过与企业建立合作伙伴关系,形成创新激励机制,推动企业解决PHEV产业化的瓶颈技术。本文探讨了这些瓶颈技术及其主要研发企业,随着这些问题的解决,PHEV有望在2016年实现产业化。 相似文献
19.
张健 《全球科技经济瞭望》2013,(5):1-6
近年来,美国风电发展迅速,截至到2012年8月,美国风电装机总量已突破50GW。简要介绍和分析了美国风电发展现状、政府扶持政策、研发重点和产业发展趋势。美国风电的快速发展,一方面,得益于全球可再生能源兴起;另一方面,离不开美国政府风电扶持政策和风电技术进步。我国应借鉴美国的经验,完善风电扶持政策,支持共性技术研发;发挥体制优势,加快风电建设;开放风电市场,加强国际合作,抢占风电技术和产业制高点。 相似文献
20.
陈霖豪 《全球科技经济瞭望》2009,24(5):17-20
伴随着全球能源与环境以及气候变化的问题日益突出,空间太阳能重新引起美国等国家的兴趣。本文简要分析了空间太阳能的意义和可行性、美国空间太阳能的预研情况以及空间太阳能的前景。 相似文献