生产性服务业提升制造业竞争力的作用分析——基于发达国家的计量模型的实证研究

从投入产出角度,运用计量模型分析15个发达国家的生产性服务对制造业竞争力的提升作用,旨在揭示生产性服务业提升制造业竞争力的一般经验。本文的基本发现是,生产性服务已成为提升制造业竞争力的重要的中间投入,在某些行业,它是提升其竞争力的最主要的中间投入;另一方面,生产性服务业各行业对制造业各行业竞争力的提升作用存在差异,金融保险业对纺织服装业和汽车制造业竞争力的提升作用最大,而商务服务业对计算机制造业的提升作用最大。     

Demand forecasting for new media services with consideration of competitive relationships using the competitive Bass model and the theory of the niche

New broadcasting services such as Internet protocol TV (IPTV) have been totally revolutionizing the broadcasting industry; thus, the prediction of the degree of diffusion of new media services is a major topic of interest for both governments and providers. This paper proposes a new approach towards demand forecasting for new services with no data and with consideration of competitive relationships with existing services. The underlying model of the proposed approach is the competitive Bass model, which is the most widely used competitive diffusion model. The competition coefficients of the model are estimated by introducing the theory of the niche. The theory of the niche, which originates from ecology, has often been used as a framework for examining competition patterns in the media industry. This study develops a new integrated measure, competitive superiority, by modifying and combining the two conventional measures of the theory of the niche, viz., niche overlap and niche superiority. The competition coefficients are then obtained by adjusting the values of competitive superiority to be incorporated in the model based on the relationship between competition and imitation effects. A case of Korean digital broadcasting services is presented to illustrate the proposed approach.     

国外移动服务消费者行为研究综述

移动通信产业的迅猛发展,引起了学者们广泛的研究兴趣。文章对国外关于移动服务消费者行为的文献进行梳理,结果表明,当前的研究聚焦于移动服务消费者的满意度和忠诚度、移动服务采纳理论、移动服务资费、移动服务消费者特性等对消费者行为影响的研究上。最后,提出了对移动消费者行为的未来研究及展望。     

Unlocking the promise of mobile value-added services by applying new collaborative business models

Due to the intense voice service competition and subscriber growth saturation, the average revenue per user (ARPU) of mobile communications service providers continues to decline, thereby severely affecting their total revenue and profitability. To counter this challenge, mobile communications service providers are now moving from “tariff competition” to “service competition.” As mobile communications enter the next-generation network (NGN) era, network bandwidth and transmission speed are greatly enhanced. The enhancement enables mobile communications service providers to provide content-rich, multimedia value-added services to create new service value, meet demands of customers, and increase ARPU. To understand how to construct mobile value-added services, this study uses survey forms to collect feedback from 35 industry and research institution experts and scholars and to present systematically the finding on the mobile value-added services strategy. The research employs the analytic network process (ANP) to analyze the strategy of mobile service providers in delivering mobile services in the NGN. The business strategy evaluation framework and evaluation result can be used as guides for players in the mobile communications industry to review, improve, and enhance their service and strategy.     

金融服务外包企业竞争力的动态演化模型的构建与优化

20世纪90年代以来,随着全球金融服务产业转移加速,国内金融行业的蓬勃发展,国际金融外包市场需求不断增加。面对印度的领先优势,中国金融外包企业只有明确认知自身的竞争力演化阶段,并采取相应的优化策略,才能够抓住当前发展机遇,改善竞争格局。服务外包企业竞争力动态演化模型是由坐标轴、竞争力演化曲线、竞争力演化四个阶段构成。针对不同的竞争力演进阶段,提出了竞争力演化的优化策略,并结合中国、印度、美国的金融外包实践,结果表明了该模型的正确性。     

中国和OECD国家数字服务贸易竞争力比较及其影响因素研究

基于OECD主要国家和中国2009—2021年数字服务贸易数据,在测算其国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数、显性比较优势指数等指标的基础上,深入分析了上述国家数字服务贸易总体竞争力和分行业竞争力的状况,利用双向固定效应模型剖析了数字服务贸易竞争力的影响因素。研究表明：服务业人力资本、经济发展水平、互联网发展规模、研发水平对数字服务贸易竞争力具有显著的正向影响,外商直接投资具有不显著的抑制作用。对此,我国应立足传统货物贸易优势,带动数字服务贸易“弯道超车”;加大数字科技研发投入,利用科技赋能数字服务贸易行业的效率变革;加强数字基础设施建设,夯实数字服务贸易发展的基础;加大数字服务行业人才培养,强化数字服务行业的智力支撑。     

Analysis on the growth of telecommunication services: a global comparison of diffusion patterns

With the development of the Internet, the telecommunication market has seen a rapid shift from voice-based services to data-based services. Relationships of substitutability and complementarity have emerged among communications technology services such as Internet service, mobile phone service and fixed telephone service. The article analyses the diffusion patterns of communication services in different continents. A modified logistic growth model is estimated using panel data for the years 1975–2004. The research forms a valuable framework for forecasting demand for new services based on the diffusion of incumbent services and can inform strategies for entering the communications network industry.     

Entry and Innovation in Maturing Markets: Virtual Operators in Mobile Telecommunications

In the last few years the mobile telecommunications industry has witnessed the entry of a large number of new service providers. Traditionally, mobile users get their mobile services from the service providers owned by vertically integrated mobile network operators (MNOs). The new entrants do not own a network of their own however, because they use the existing mobile infrastructure, i.e. they are 'mobile virtual network operators' (MVNOs). By granting these virtual operators access to their networks, MNOs actually facilitate the entry of potential competitors for their own downstream service providers. These new entrants might attract additional users by offering competitive services and create extra value with their well-known brand names and other complementary assets. This study focuses on the mobile market of the Netherlands, where competition is intense and MVNOs proliferate. The aim of this research is to improve our understanding of the entry of virtual operators in general, and specifically by explaining why and how virtual operators enter the mobile market and the impact they have on competition in the mobile market.     

集聚、研发要素流动与产业竞争力——以高端服务业为例

利用新经济地理学理论构建了高端服务业集聚、研发要素流动影响高端服务业竞争力的理论模型。理论分析表明,高端服务业竞争力与高端服务业集聚度、研发要素流动、劳动力数量、工业品支出份额正相关,与产品间替代弹性负相关。继而,利用中国31个省市自治区（因数据缺失,不包含港澳台地区）2003—2018年数据,空间探索性分析发现中国省域间高端服务业竞争力存在明显空间正自相关性。空间面板计量模型检验结果也很好地支持了理论模型的结论。表明高端服务业聚集度、R&D人员流动量和R&D资本流动量的提升正向促进高端服务业竞争力,但三者的总效应主要是由直接溢出效应决定的。本文结论为我国进一步促进高端服务业集聚,统筹区际间研发要素流动,进而提升中国高端服务业竞争力提供政策启示。     

制造业服务化转型模式与路径研究

造业服务化转型是以客户为导向的服务增值过程,企业客户不仅包括最终消费者,还包括上中下游企业等供应链节点环节,因而企业服务化转型就面临两种选择:一种是面向终端消费者,以产品为基础的服务化转型,一种是面向生产企业,以流程为基础的服务化转型.根据这一导向,提出以制造服务为核心的自营性服务、协作性服务、生产性服务的概念,分析了基于产业价值链分布和产品服务系统的服务化转型模式,探讨了服务化转型的技术支持体系,在此基础上建立了一个由“企业类型-转型模式-服务类型-产品服务系统”组成的制造业服务化转型体系结构.认为企业价值链和产品服务系统的差异导致了不同的服务化转型路径,并应在核心能力和竞争优势的基础上实现服务化转型.     

我国金融服务贸易竞争力和开放度的关系研究

随着改革开放的不断深入,服务行业的国际化正成为我国改革和开放的重点,金融服务业也在开放的同时面临着竞争和挑战。本文通过对金融服务贸易竞争力的计算、金融服务贸易开放度的计算以及二者之间关系进行实证分析的基础上,研究在开放环境下我国金融服务贸易的竞争力状况,以及金融服务贸易的开放对我国金融服务业竞争力的影响。     

Moderating effect of personal innovativeness on mobile-RFID services: Based on Warshaw's purchase intention model

As telecommunication market becomes more competitive and the customers' expectations regarding services or products increases, understanding customer or market needs is at the center of successful telecommunication business.In this study, we attempt to explore the intention of using mobile services based on the Warshaw's purchase intention model. We also focus on a personal innovativeness in the domain of IT (PIIT) because we assumed that as characteristics of telecommunication services become increasingly sophisticated, personal innovativeness could be a key factor of telecommunication services usage. In this study, we examine whether PIIT has the moderating effect on purchasing mobile-RFID services.The result shows that both purchasability and perceived need collectively explain purchase intention of mobile-RFID services, as well as PIIT serves to moderate the relationship between perceived need and purchase intention of mobile-RFID services. The study findings also indicate that IT knowledge, responsiveness to IT news and ability to use mobile phone of customers are positively related with PIIT.     

竞争性技术创新扩散模型及其应用

基于竞争性技术创新扩散系统的定义及假设,提出了多项竞争性技术创新扩散系统的动力学模型,并将多智能体的建模理论与方法应用到竞争性技术创新扩散的分析中。通过大量仿真实验,将动力学模型、多智能体模型的预测结果和实际数据进行了对比分析,对未来的手机用户扩散数量进行了预测。分析结果认为,一项创新技术只有借助扩散,其潜在经济效益才能被最大限度地发挥。同时,分析结果也验证了该模型在实践中的可行性和有效性。     

我国农化行业升级之路：打造一流农化服务供应链

目前,我国衣化行业内外部竞争已经十分激烈。通过对我国衣化行业现状的分析,我们发现中国农化行业存在竞争程度高、农化企业经营管理方式落后、研发水平低下等问题,提出了农化行业必须进行升级,创造新型的经营模式,以实现服务化进而提高我国农化行业的竞争力。在农化服务供应链的概念基础上,构建了我国农化服务供应链平台。最后,以我国农化行业整合先行者广州易合通农化供应链有限公司为例,介绍了其如何打造一流的农化服务供应链。     

Technology diffusion theory revisited: a regulation,environment, strategy,technology model for technology activation analysis of mobile ICT

Theory on the diffusion of mobile information and communication technology (ICT) is mainly focused on technology diffusion, while prerequisites to such diffusion are largely disregarded or taken for granted. Moreover, few constructs for the assessment of technology diffusion take into account the inherent link between technology and strategy analysis. This study proposes that analysing what comes prior to diffusion and use of technology – here defined as ‘technology activation’ – is equally important, so as to identify external, not user-related determinants that enable or hinder a value proposition based on the new technology. To fill the existing gap and extend technology diffusion theory upstream, the limitations of the technology–organisation–environment model and of other technology diffusion models are reviewed, together with external strategy analysis models, and an original model is proposed to address four macro-determinants that affect technology activation: Regulation, environment, strategy, technology (REST). The REST model is then applied to the Italian mobile location-based services market, to qualitatively validate its comprehensiveness. Conclusions are drawn on the opportunities to extend the mobile technology diffusion analysis process upstream, and to integrate technology analysis with existing research on strategy analysis, thus providing new momentum to mainstream research on innovation diffusion.     

The reference model of competitiveness factors for SME medical sector

The paper presents the issue of SME competitiveness in terms of determining their competitive position on the market. The proposed reference model, focused on the evaluation of the competitiveness of a selected group of SMEs on the market of medical services, was developed to support strategic decision-making. The usefulness of the model is verified in the process of determining the competitive position of a selected group of participants, applying research methods of strategic analysis. Relationships, observed during the study, occurring between the competitiveness factors and the competitive position taken by a company, provide knowledge, whose utilization directs the company's business to improving its market performance, organizational and economic conditions.     

服务业：现状、国际比较、对策及展望

在全球,服务业正成为国家经济增长的重要引擎,是现代经济持续快速发展的主要源动力,加快服务业发展,提高服务业在国民经济中的比例,是我国经济政策的重要导向之一。正确认识我国服务业的国际竞争能力,这对我国服务业的成长与发展,乃至整个国民经济的发展都有着深远的意义,因此需要首先了解我国服务业发展的现状,得出评估结果并分析国际竞争力变化原因,结合我国实际情况,提出促进我国服务业国际竞争力的操作性建议与对策措施,并在一定层面上对我国服务业的发展趋势进行展望。     

Analysing Comparative Advantage and Competitiveness: An Application to Australia's Textile and Clothing Industries

Australia's comparative advantage and competitiveness in textile and clothing (TAC) industries are analysed, using Balassa's revealed comparative advantage index and Vollrath's measures of competitiveness. The analysis based on Balassa's indices shows that Australia has a strong comparative disadvantage in textiles and clothing as aggregate commodity groups, but there is comparative advantage in sub–categories of 'special textile products', 'floor coverage, tapestry etc', and 'fur clothing'. The analysis based on Vollrath's indices shows that Australia is not competitive in the world market with respect to aggregate commodity groups of textiles and clothing. Grubel–Loyd index of intra–industry trade was calculated for seven categories of textiles and two categories of clothing. The results show a rising trend in intra–industry trade in some of these categories of TAC products, implying that Australia increasingly exports and imports differentiated TAC products. Australian TAC industries may look to further promote exports of their products in the global market through increased product differentiation and improved quality and design.     

网络金融创新产品扩散的曲线簇模型研究

随着网络技术在金融领域应用的加深,网络金融创新在金融创新中所占的比重日趋提高。文章旨在研究网络金融产品扩散的基本规律,将生物种群理论中的逻辑斯谛模型引入了网络金融创新产品扩散的基本模型研究中,并在此基础上提出了曲线簇模型,用不同市场不同金融创新产品的数据对此模型进行了计量检验,该模型的研究可以为金融机构的战略决策和管理当局的政策制订提供理论参考。     

服务业跨国公司投资动因理论前沿研究

服务业以其区别于制造业的行业特性和资产组合决定了它特有的跨国投资模式,本文主要针对服务业跨国投资动因问题进行分析,在梳理最新研究成果的基础上提炼服务业投资动因理论的新趋势,即基于市场寻求、竞争优势、效率寻求和距离论动因,进一步探讨国别和行业差异的影响作用。