THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY AND THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

In 1962 an article by Mr. Angelos Angelopoulos, professor at the Pantheios School of Political Sciences (Athens), entitled "The Third World, the European Common Market and the West", was published in the Annals . In that article the author described, with the freedom which is by tradition allowed to all contributors to the Annals , the fears and anxieties of the newly developing countries regarding the European Economic Community.
In the present article Mr. André Marchal, lecturer at the Faculty of Law and Economics of the University of Paris, discusses the same problem with the same freedom and a viewpoint radically different from that of Professor Angelopoulos.     

FOREIGN CAPITAL AND EFFICIENCY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

This paper uses stochastic frontier methodology to analyse foreign direct investment, imported capital goods and human capital as channels for increased efficiency in less‐developed countries. Empirical investigation reveals that developing countries differ with respect to the efficiency with which they use frontier technology. Foreign direct investment and human capital play a significant and quantitatively important role in explaining these differences.     

RESIDENTIAL RURAL SOLAR ELECTRICITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Are photovoltaic (PV) systems appropriate for use in developing countries now? This paper presents an empirical review of the comparative costs of gasoline portable generators and PV systems and concludes that cost reduction is necessary before PV systems will be broadly competitive. Both private sector research and university research have important roles to play.     

FACTOR MIGRATION AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN SOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

A three factor, two sector general equilibrium model is used to determine long run income distributional impacts of factor supply changes associated with international migration in developing and newly industrializing countries. Factor intensity rankings among three factors (capital, skilled and unskilled labor) between two industries (agriculture and manufacturing-services) play a critical role in determining which factors are natural friends with respect to migration. A result common to all countries is observed friendship between capital and unskilled labor: reducing (increasing) the supply of one will lower (raise) payments to the other.     

21世纪发展中国家城市化的深层次发展

21世纪发展中国家的城市化必然向深层次发展。文章分析了21世纪发展中国家城市化的必然趋势,指出城市的区域化发展和个性化发展是城市化深层次发展的两条主要途径,重点论述了这两种发展形式的意义、基础和主要策略。在城市数目、规模、地域扩展的基础上,深层次发展的群体形态——区域化发展,应以城市体系调控为主要策略;深层次发展的个体形态——个性化发展,应以城市更新为主要策略。文章还以河南省城市体系、深圳市、上海市、吉隆坡市等为案例,对区域化发展和个性化发展进行了实证分析。     

世界经济发达国家出口问题初探

本文深入研究了世界经济发达国家出口商品经济活动的原因机制。并且认为经济发达国家出口工农矿初级产品、技术密集型产品行为构成了其出口商品活动的重要特征即经济双维贸易性特征。而且这是经济发达国家出口商品活动中极力追求的目标。     

DOLLARIZATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: RATIONAL REMEDY OR DOMESTIC DILEMMA?

This paper reviews the policy implications of dollarization in developing economies. It outlines channels of U.S. currency access abroad and illustrates progressing stages of dollarization for various country examples. It analyzes the costs of large seigniorage losses facing domestic governments vis-a-vis the U.S. issuer. Finally, it provides three explanations for the observed inertia in dedollarization following domestic stabilization policies: (i) high transactions costs of switching monies, (ii) dollar revenues related to illegal commercial activities, and (iii) network externalities associated with foreign currency usage.     

NOTES ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND THEIR STATISTICS

Statistics for developing countries often are misunderstood and misinterpreted because the published data do not distinguish between the economically modern and the traditional sectors. The purpose of economic development is to move a nation from the traditional, or largely non-monetary, subsistence agriculture type of life, to the modern or money oriented and technologically developed type. Statistics of national accounts, the economically active (the working force), and other topics often fail to be useful for economic development purposes because they are presented for the totality of the country and do not show the modern-traditional sectors separately.
In addition, data are often misinterpreted and used incorrectly because the development economists do not understand the nature of the data—how they were collected and what they really signify. This point is illustrated with the economically active statistics. Finally, a plea is made for more statistics and information about families.     

经济全球化与非洲国家类型

依据经济全球化的内容、特征以及非洲的现实处境，选择含经济增长、国际贸易、国际资本流动、人力资源、信息化水平5项因素的15个指标，构建了非洲国家类型划分的指标体系。运用以世界发展中国家平均水平为基数的综合评分法，将53个非洲独立国家划分为非边缘化、弱边缘化、强边缘化与极端边缘化4种类型。     

新疆市县经济发展梯度研究

本文采用区域经济分析中常用的主成分分析方法(PCA),来研究新疆87个市县的经济发展梯度及经济差异.通过计算各市县的经济发展梯度值,总结出新疆经济发展水平的空间地域分异规律,划出经济发展的梯度分区,为制定区域经济持续发展战略提供依据.     

PRICE-COST MARGINS AND INDUSTRY STRUCTURE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF KOREA*

The structure-conduct-performance paradigm is tested using 4-digit SIC Korean industry data for 1981 and 1986. The study investigates whether the observed institutional differences between developed and developing countries affects the performance hypothesis. The results suggest that structure and conduct variables influence price-cost margins in much the same way as they do in developed countries. Nevertheless, the Korean government's credit rationing policies, by creating entry barriers, have the most important effects on industry performance.     

全球化背景下发展中国家大都市区空间发展的比较研究

在过去的20年间,发展中国家大都市区空间发展经历了增长与挫折;文章选取了几个典型的发展中国家大都市区,从空间的扩展与重构、社会空间分异等方面进行了深入的剖析;总结出具有一般性的发展中国家大都市区空间发展的解析模式,并提出了解决空间发展症结的关键举措。最后,针对我国经济发展和大都市区的实际情况,进行了若干思考。     

NON-CORPORATE SECTOR FINANCE AND FINANCING OF SMALL INDUSTRIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE

This paper attempts to report the author's findings regarding the role of the non-corporate sector in providing investment finance for small-scale industries in Nigeria, through co-operative efforts. It specially underlines the role of indigenous social organizations and group relations in solving the economic problems of a developing economy which places emphasis on industrial development. Though these sources provide short-term consumption finance, they certainly constitute an inadequate source of long-term finance for industry in a situation where the importance of small-scale industry development is officially greatly emphasized, and existing financial institutions are designed to serve only the financial needs of large industrial enterprises. The role of government in the context of the dilemma of the small-scale entrepreneur is examined and suggestions made for improvements. The paper reflects what is probably the experience of many developing countries trying to industrialize.     

从"泛珠三角"经济合作的基础与特点看西北区域经济合作调整

"泛珠三角"区域经济合作构想为我国东、中、西部的区域经济合作提出了新的形式,对我国西北地区的区域经济合作极具启发性。在分析和总结"泛珠三角"区域合作的基础和特点上,根据西北区域经济发展水平和区域合作现状,分析了合作发展的时空特征并提出调整重点。