我国利用外商直接投资中的风险与防范

自从改革开放以来,利用外资是我国经济发展的主要动力之一。外商直接投资的比重,尤其是进入90年代以后,呈现逐年上升趋势。随着我国的外商直接投资的增多,各种利弊也逐渐的显示出来,本文将从风险的概念入手,进而引出外商直接投资的风险的定义。并指出外商直接投资的特点,以及其产生风险的根源,进而引申到我国的经济现实,提出对我国的外商直接投资风险的分析。     

The choice between greenfield investment and cross-border acquisition: A real option approach

The purpose of this study is to formalize the choice of market entry strategy for an individual multinational enterprise (MNE) from a dynamic perspective. It is argued that incorporating a suitable treatment of irreversibility, uncertainty and flexibility related to a MNEs investment decision gives further insights to the choice of cross-border acquisitions to greenfield investment as the preferred entry mode. In most cases, the initial entry strategy serves as a platform allowing the firm to make subsequent investments to exploit host-country advantages and capabilities. We allow for this by taking a two-step expansion strategy explicitly into account. The evolutionary process of the value of the foreign direct investment includes two stochastic elements as well as the timing that triggers the transition from export to foreign direct investment. The results suggest that uncertainty and future investment opportunities play an important role when it comes to transit from export to the first phase of the foreign direct investment commitment as well as have an impact on the choice of entry strategy.     

外商直接投资对我国劳动生产率影响的分析

近年来,我国利用外商直接投资的步伐不断加快,外商直接投资对我国经济发展的作用越来越明显。本文通过建立计量经济学模型,定量地分析了外商直接投资对我国劳动生产率增长的贡献。     

External Liberalization and Foreign Presence: Cross-Industry Evidence From Poland and Hungary

External liberalization—the relaxation of restrictions on cross-border trade and inbound direct investment—has played an important role in the programs of economic transition in central Europe. While liberalization is widely heralded, there has been little empirical analysis of the links between liberalization and industry structure. This analysis examines changes in foreign presence following external liberalization in Poland and Hungary. I show that the presence of proprietary and intangible assets explains much of the cross-industry variation in patterns of foreign presence and, for a given level of foreign presence, whether this will occur via trade or inbound direct investment.     

External Liberalization and Foreign Presence: Cross-Industry Evidence from Poland and Hungary

External liberalization—the relaxation of restrictions on cross-border trade and inbound direct investment—has played an important role in the programs of economic transition in central Europe. While liberalization is widely heralded, there has been little empirical analysis of the links between liberalization and industry structure. This analysis examines changes in foreign presence following external liberalization in Poland and Hungary. I show that the presence of proprietary and intangible assets explains much of the cross-industry variation in patterns of foreign presence and, for a given level of foreign presence, whether this will occur via trade or inbound direct investment.     

外商直接投资与经济增长:基于动态VAR模型的分析

外商直接投资与经济增长的关系一直是国内外学者研究的热点。本文运用向量自回归(VAR)模型、脉冲响应函数、方差分解等计量经济学方法,基于2002年至2011年的季度数据,对外商直接投资与经济增长的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明:从长期来看,外商直接投资的增加有助于促进经济增长,但是短期这种促进作用并不明显;经济增长有助于外商直接投资的增加。     

The foreign aid–foreign direct investment relationship in Africa: The mediating role of institutional quality and financial development

The interaction of foreign aid and foreign direct investment is an important issue for developing countries in Africa. I probe into the mediating role of institutional quality and financial development using a panel data set of 47 countries over the period 1996–2016. I find that the effectiveness of foreign aid in attracting foreign direct investment is greater in countries with better institutional quality and sound financial development. The implications for policy are outlined.     

Quantitative and Dynamic Analysis of the Oli Variables Determining Fdi in China

The main determinants of foreign direct investment in China are analyzed quantitatively and dynamically based on Dunning's eclectic theory and empirical models corresponding to location-specific advantages, ownership-specific advantages and internalization advantage. More specifically, the correlation between each OLI variable and FDI is tested and explained in detail. It is concluded that monopolistic advantages of technology and management experience of foreign investors along with China's low labor cost and great market potential might be important factors attracting FDI in China. In addition, using an internal market to establish a network of international production might also be an important determinant for foreigners to directly invest in China. Others might include searching for attractive yields available in equity investment, devaluation of the Chinese currency, distance, culture and global business strategies.     

CH市利用外商投资的发展战略

CH市利用外商直接投资工作优势与劣势并存,机遇与威胁同在,但二者比较,优势大于劣势,机遇大于威胁,故采取SO战略即增长型战略。本文尝试以波特的菱形理论为基础,从要素禀赋、需求情况、相关和支持产业以及企业战略、结构和竞争等方面构建CH市利用外商直接的优势,得出关于CH市利用外商直接投资的战略选择。     

外商投资和贸易自由化的碳排放效应分析

本文选取我国30个省2000～2008年的面板数据,考察了外商直接投资以及外贸进出口量对我国碳排放的影响.研究结果表明,对全国大部分省市自治区而言,当期的外商直接投资和出口贸易对碳环境影响呈恶化作用,而滞后项的碳排放效应呈现清洁作用;当期的进口贸易对低碳经济的发展有促进作用,但滞后期抑制了低碳经济的有效进行.进一步对碳排放模型进行分区域分析后发现,我国碳排放的区域性差异较为明显,且东部地区的正动态性最大而中部的正动态性最小.文章最后分析产生这些结果的原因并提出了相应对策.     

国内投资与外商直接投资就业效应的差异性研究——基于江苏省的数据分析

以江苏省1990～2007年的相关数据为研究对象,运用多元回归分析的方法,对国内投资、外商直接投资以及经济增长带来的就业效应进行估计,并对实证研究结果进行分析,发现国内投资与外商直接投资的就业效应有着明显的差异性,根据这一结论进一步探讨江苏省合理安排投资,促进就业的相应对策。     

Foreign direct investment and global sourcing choices of firms in the US

This paper investigates factors affecting the global sourcing choices of firms in the US: (1) US investment abroad; (2) foreign direct investment in the US; (3) wage–productivity ratio; and (4) transaction cost. I found that there is a statistically significant association between the country of sourcing choices and foreign direct investment. Both the wage–productivity ratios and transaction costs are not statistically significant at the conventional significance level, but their regression coefficients show proper signs. The paper also examines the patterns of foreign direct investment among countries and compares transaction costs by income group. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Efficiency externalities of trade and alternative forms of foreign investment in OECD countries

The literature on the spillover effects of trade and inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) has concentrated on technological externalities. Little effort has been directed towards identifying their efficiency externalities. This paper measures the efficiency externalities of trade and various forms of foreign investment for a sample of 20 OECD countries between 1982 and 2000 using a stochastic frontier approach. Trade and all foreign investment inflows are found to enhance efficiency, whereas outflows of FDI are found to exacerbate inefficiency. The efficiency externalities from foreign investment are contingent on the absorptive capacity of the host economies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FDI对我国出口贸易的影响分析

改革开放以来,随着我国利用FD(IForeign Direct Investment,外商直接投资)的规模不断扩大,我国的对外贸易规模和对外贸易结构得到了极大地改善。本文着重从规模和结构两方面分析外国对华直接投资的发展对我国出口贸易产生的影响。从有关分析可知,就出口量而言,外资在我国出口中的作用不可低估,但就出口结构而言,外资促进我国比较优势变革的作用则相对有限。这种现象的产生与外商投资的结构有关,更与我国的投资环境、外贸与外资政策体制的矛盾有关。我国急需调整引进外资的目标和政策,增加贸易体制的透明度,从而进一步优化产业结构,提高产业档次,改善产品质量,增加产品的国际竞争力,保持我国对外贸易持续、健康、快速发展,把我国塑造成贸易强国。     

当前我国对外直接投资的战略选择

自我国实行对外开放,尤其是加入世界贸易组织以来,国民经济快速增长,经济实力不断增强,外汇储备急剧增长,这为我国企业对外直接投资提供了强大的物质基础。国际收支顺差持续增加,人民币呈升值趋势以及国际贸易摩擦加剧,将促使国内企业加快对外直接投资的步伐。本文重点探讨对外直接投资的思路及其路径,提出重点发展优势驱动型和优势创造型对外直接投资及其对策与措施。     

外国直接投资的环保技术溢出途径研究--基于2004年中国工业企业普查数据的实证研究

减排技术的国际传播可以通过外国直接投资水平溢出和垂直溢出来实现。本文通过tobit模型实证研究,发现外国直接投资对减少污染排放的水平溢出比较有效,而垂直溢出方面总体较差,企业规模和所有制形式都是影响环保技术垂直溢出的主要因素。扩大外资的环保技术扩散效应,需要在全国执行更加严格的环保标准。     

我国钢铁工业利用外商直接投资的现状和对策

本文对我国钢铁工业利用外商直接投资的现状和存在的问题进行了剖析，提出了利于钢铁工业利用外商直接投资健康有序发展的几点思考和建议。     

中国对外直接投资和技术进步的关系研究

传统的外商直接投资带来的都是标准化的陈旧的技术,以市场换技术已不再适应中国发展的需要。中国企业通过对外直接投资,去接近技术源,获得技术外溢,能否促进技术进步?文中通过格兰杰检验,对1985～2009年中国对外直接投资和技术进步间的关系进行研究,发现中国对外直接投资是技术进步的原因,即对外直接投资促进了国内技术进步。     

The determinants of capital inflows: Does opacity of recipient country explain the flows?

This paper examines the relationship between international capital flows and the opacity of recipient countries. We use the Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC) [Price Waterhouse Coopers, 2001. The Opacity Index: A Project of the Price Waterhouse Coopers Endowment for the Study of Transparency and Sustainability] opacity index for the year 2000 and investigate its influence on three types of net international capital flows: foreign direct investment, portfolio capital and international bank lending. We find support for higher opacity leading to a reduction in capital inflows, in general. More interestingly, however, in some cases we find counterintuitive results of more capital flows when opacity relating to specific business climate increases—accounting and regulations for foreign direct investment flows, corruption and regulation for portfolio flows, and corruption and economic opacities for international lending flows. This may be because of potentially higher profit opportunities that may be present due to the greater role unofficial channels of investment practices play as these opacity indices rise. Also, we find international bank lending, in general, responded very differently from foreign direct investment and portfolio flows.     

Foreign direct investment and its impact on the Thai economy: the role of financial development

This paper examines the roles of foreign direct investment and financial development in the process of economic development using Thailand as the case study. We argue that better developed financial systems allow an economy to exploit the benefits of foreign direct investment more efficiently. The estimation draws upon an unrestricted error-correction model to avoid omitted lagged variable bias, and an instrumental variable estimator to correct for endogeneity bias. Using annual time series data from 1970 to 2004, the results show that financial development stimulates economic development whereas foreign direct investment impacts negatively on output expansion in the long run. However, an increased level of financial development enables Thailand to gain more from foreign direct investment, suggesting that the impact of foreign direct investment on output growth can be enhanced through financial development. The results are robust to different measures of financial development.