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失业保险既是社会保障体系的一个基本组成部分,又是建立市场导向就业机制和实施积极就业政策的一项重要内容。从理论研究和实践两方面看,失业保险除具有保障失业人员基本生活和促进失业人员再就业功能外,同时还具有鼓励和引导参保单位保持职工队伍稳定和预防失业、减少失业的功能。因此,科学确定失业保险覆盖范围关系到失业保险制度的可持续发展和失业保险功能的最大发挥。 相似文献
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失业保险基金,是保障失业保险制度正常运转,保证失业人员在失业期间基本生活的重要物质基础。然而,随着经济体制改革的不断深入以及产业结构的不断调整,下岗人员和失业人员的数量不断增大,有限的失业保险基金面临着越来越严峻的挑战。研究防范和化解失业保险基金的支付风险问题,已是当务之急。 一、失业保险基金支付风险产生的原因 对失业保险基金的审计结果表明,失业保险基金的支付风险主要来自以下几个方面: (一)瞒报、漏报、漏核失业保险缴费工资基数,是形成失业保险支付风险的重要原因。当前一些参 相似文献
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失业是工业化、城市化的产物,是市场经济不可避免的现象。失业问题既是一个经济问题,也是一个社会问题。失业保险作为社会保险第二大险种在社会保障体系中具有特殊的地位和功能。它不仅是经济和社会发展的“安全阀”、“稳压器”,还是企业改革的“减震器”,也是为下岗职工和失业人员实现再就业的“推动器”。建立完善的失业保险制度,直接关系到改革发展、构建和谐社会和“三个代表”重要思想的贯彻落实。本文通过简单描述失业保险制度运行状况,对当前我国失业保险扩面征缴困难的成因进行分析,对完善失业保险制度提出若干建议。 相似文献
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借鉴国际经验发挥失业保险制度的主要功能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
孟卫军 《财会研究(甘肃)》2008,(2):74-76
本文分析了中国当前失业保险制度中存在的问题,以及西方国家调整失业保险制度以促进再就业的实践和制度创新,提出中国应进一步发挥失业保险制度的主要功能。无论是中国当前经济取得的成就还是考虑到失业保险基金的积累规模,适度加大失业保险制度的资金投入都是完全可行的;同时,我们应该借鉴国际经验,加大失业保险制度促进再就业的力度。 相似文献
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编织失业保险稳定就业、调控失业的“安全网” 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
失业保险作为社会保险的重要组成部分,一方面具有保障参保对象基本生活的社会保险共同功能,另一方面由于失业保险与就业的紧密联系,又同时具有稳定就业、调控失业的就业促进功能。从目前的失业保险体制来看,我国失业保险在功能发挥上仍然还是重基本生活保障,轻稳定就业、调控失业,其就业促进作用没有完全发挥。现行制度已实施11年,制度出台时所面临的经济和社会环境都发生了巨大变化,借鉴西方发达国家失业保险的成功经验和我国近年来失业保险促进就业方面好的做法,需要从以下几个方面进行完善: 相似文献
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随着国企改革与并购重组的推进,下岗分流、减员增效不可避免。建立健全失业保险制度、实施再就业工程,对于我国经济体制改革和国民经济跨世纪发展具有十分重要的战略意义。发达市场经济国家已基本建立起包括失业保险、失业救济和再就业体系的完整的失业保障制度,他们的一些做法无疑值得我们借鉴。一、建立失业保障基金,并加强失业保障基全的归集与发放管理发达国家的失业保险制度作为社会保障制度的重要构成部分,一般都是由国家通过。立法强制实行的。失业保险基金由雇主和职工交纳的失业保险费和政府的财政拨款构成;失业救济基金由财… 相似文献
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失业保险对失业人员的基本生活有一定的保障作用,对社会维稳也有积极的意义。随着企业员工对失业保险的重视程度越来越高,研究分析失业保险的价值和促进就业的功能作用,对企业及其员工很有必要。本文梳理了我国失业保险预防失业和促进就业的现状,分析了失业保险在预防失业和促进就业中的作用,提出了进一步完善失业保险的措施,以供参考。 相似文献
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Michael Beenstock 《Economic Affairs》1994,14(5):27-30
The introduction of social insurance in Britain stemmed ultimately from Beveridge's and others' desire to abolish poverty. Beveridge failed to understand that social insurance is incompatible with private insurance markets, and especially unemployment insurance. 相似文献
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Knut Red 《Journal of economic surveys》1997,11(4):389-418
After two decades of ratcheting unemployment in Europe, most economists agree that structural changes associated with higher equilibrium rates of unemployment have occurred. But the direction of causality is a matter of controversy: Have the structural changes caused the long-lasting increases in actual unemployment? Or have the increases in actual unemployment caused the structural changes? The latter possibility is often referred to as hysteresis. During the past decade, a distinct research program has evolved around the idea that equilibrium employment tracks actual unemployment. This survey reviews the various hysteretic explanations offered in the literature and evaluates their empirical standing. 相似文献
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We present a dynamic framework for the interaction between borrowing (liquidity) constraints and deviations of actual hours from desired hours, both measured by discrete‐valued indicators, and estimate it as a system of dynamic binary and ordered probit models with panel data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We analyze a household's propensity to be liquidity constrained by means of a dynamic binary probit model. We analyze qualitative aspects of the conditions of employment, namely whether the household head is involuntarily overemployed, voluntarily employed, or involuntarily underemployed or unemployed, by means of a dynamic ordered probit model. We focus on the possible interaction between the two types of constraints. We estimate these models jointly using maximum simulated likelihood, where we allow for individual random effects along with an autoregressive process for the general error term in each equation. A novel feature of our method is that it allows for the random effects to be correlated with regressors in a time‐invariant fashion. Our results provide strong support for the basic theory of constrained behavior and the interaction between liquidity constraints and exogenous constraints on labor supply. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Paul Ashton 《Economic Affairs》1988,8(4):6-11
Paul Ashton of Liverpool University describes the effects on the unemployed of the social security system and concludes that radical reform is necessary to increase work incentives. 相似文献
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Building on non‐stationary search theory ( Mortensen, 1977 ; Van den Berg, 1990 ), this article estimates the effects of UB on unemployment durations and future earnings using unique administrative data in Germany. We apply censored Box–Cox quantile regression. Our results imply that the length of entitlement shows only a weak effect on unemployment duration for entitlement lengths up to 12 months and no effect on post unemployment earnings. There are noticeable effects on exits from unemployment for entitlement lengths above 12 months. A high wage replacement rate for low‐wage earners is associated with a longer duration of unemployment and higher post unemployment earnings. 相似文献