供应链企业间机会主义行为对合作绩效的影响——交互能力和信任的中介作用

网络经济时代,加强供应链管理,有效控制机会主义行为,实现供应链企业间协同作用已成为提升企业绩效水平的关键。文章通过文献梳理,构建了机会主义行为、交互能力、信任与合作绩效的关系模型,利用156家企业的样本数据,运用结构方程模型,对上述关系模型进行了实证分析。研究结果显示:供应链企业间机会主义行为对交互能力、信任与合作绩效有显著的负向影响;供应链企业间信任对交互能力与合作绩效有显著的正向影响;供应链企业间交互能力对合作绩效有显著的正向影响;在机会主义行为与合作绩效之间的关系研究中,交互能力和信任起中介作用。     

从制度化信任看日本供应链企业间的合作关系

日本供应链企业之间的紧密合作和高度信任一直是现代企业管理研究的热点之一。本文试图应用制度化信任的观点,考察供应链企业之间的合作关系。基于对企业声誉的威慑,这些企业不得不放弃机会主义的动机和行为,从而降低了企业交易成本,为日本大型制造业企业的及时生产方式和敏捷生产奠定了基础。     

供应链背景下企业环境管理与技术创新绩效的关系及其作用机理

本文基于资源基础理论,从供应链背景下的企业层面探究了环境管理实践与技术创新绩效之间的关系和作用机理,并通过来自110个制造企业的调研数据,对研究模型进行了假设检验。结果显示:企业环境管理实践对技术创新绩效有积极影响,供应链整合、供应链知识共享在二者关系中分别具有调节和部分中介作用。研究结论有助于企业正确认识并有效开展环境管理实践;同时,企业在实施环境管理过程中,既可以通过与供应商、客户等供应链伙伴来共享知识和信息,提升技术创新绩效,也可以通过供应链整合来创造一个协同的供应链环境,以此加强环境管理实践对技术创新的积极影响。     

供应链中信息风险规避的探讨

在经济全球化的条件下,企业之间的合作加强,信息共享对供应链各方之间的合作、资源的有效利用起着十分重要的作用。然而。在供应链管理环境下,除信息失真以外,企业间信息的不对称和信息的不完全都会产生信息风险．这是无法避免的。因而研究如何规避供应链中由信息共享而引起的信息风险就显得更为重要。本文首先解释了信息风险的含义：其次阐述了供应链中信息风险规避的研究现状以及新的研究方向;然后深入地分析了引起信息风险的原因：最后针对不同的原因寻找相应的规避措施,提出供应链中上下游企业可以从充分利用信息技术,实现信息共享。实行VMI库存控制,建立新型客户关系。改变传统的单向信息传递模式,实行信息风险防范机制,简化供应链。以达到规避信息风险的目的。     

信息共享对供应链成本优化的价值分析

从国内外成功实施供应链管理的企业来看,完整的供应链信息共享系统不但可以帮助供应链进行纵向的上下信息传递,把不同层次的经济行为协调起来,而且可以帮助供应链进行横向的信息传递,把各节点企业、各部门、各岗位的经济行为协调起来,并通过信息技术处理人财物和供产销之间的复     

供应商特征、多维度信任与绩效之间关系的研究

本文构建了供应商特征、多维信任与绩效之间关系的理论模型,并采用江苏镇江及其周边的208家有过供应链合作历史的制造企业为样本,运用结构方程模型对假设进行了实证研究。结果表明,供应商声誉、交往经验对认知信任有积极影响,而对情感信任的影响不显著;文化差异与认知信任呈显著负相关关系,而与情感信任的关系不显著;信息共享对认知信任、情感信任都有积极影响。上述研究结论,为企业管理者建立信任关系、提高企业合作绩效提供了理论借鉴。     

不对称合作关系的契约设计原理分析

不对称合作关系在企业合作中广泛存在。从合作产出、绩效衡量以及报酬补偿等方面分析不对称合作契约设计的原理;在构建不对称合作契约模型基础上,与完全信息下最优契约比较,说明不对称信息条件下双边道德风险对合作收益的影响;讨论不对称合作中不同绩效衡量和风险态度的契约激励效果;并据此阐释企业经济人的契约行为。     

基于信任机理的信息共享式供应链系统模型

合作伙伴间信任关系的博弈分析说明长期合作带来的收益会诱使双方继续合作．从而建立相互信任的关系。信任、合作与信息共享之间是相互促进的作用，基于信任机理的信息共享型供应链管理模型，解决了合作各成顶间信息不对称的问题，同时供应链信任关系的长久性需要合理的利益分配机制与具有法律效应的合同约束机制来保证。     

京东区块链应用对营运资金管理绩效的影响

区块链技术能保证信息数字化并实时共享,从而提高成员间的合作效果、降低沟通成本,有利于解决信息传递不畅以及信任难题,优化供应链管理,进而提升营运资金管理绩效.本文以京东为例,从采购环节、库存和配送环节以及销售环节详细分析了区块链应用对营运资金管理绩效的影响机理,通过对其财务数据进行分析发现,区块链的应用可以提高营运资金的流动性和盈利能力.电商企业应广泛应用区块链技术,实现供应链成员间的信息共享以及多方互信,巩固供应商关系,提升消费体验,提高营运资金管理绩效.     

绿色供应链协调问题研究综述

绿色供应链管理是企业在资源的研发、制造、销售、使用及回收到废弃物利用等一系列生存活动中实现环境友好的重要工具,为了绿色供应链能更好的运作需要供应链成员之间的协调合作关系。绿色供应链协调的对象比较广泛,包括制造商与供应商等供应链上下游的企业之间和消费者,政府等绿色供应链的参与者。绿色供应链的有效协调时能够提高整条供应链的效率,因此本文对绿色供应链的协调问题的研究进行了相关的评述。     

Sustainable development in small and medium enterprises: The role of entrepreneurial orientation in supply chain management

Organizations are under increased pressure to improve their sustainable performance through the adoption of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have lagged behind larger corporations due to a number of factors. Chief among these factors is the lack of resources and capabilities. In this study, we investigate whether entrepreneurial orientation as a distinctive firm-level resource contributes to the successful implementation of GSCM practices within SMEs. We use primary data obtained from 316 manufacturing SMEs and analyze the data by using a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Our findings show four equifinal configurations of GSCM practices and the components of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) that lead to high environmental performance. Two practices, “eco-design” and “internal environmental management”, are present in all configurations, with the latter being the single core condition. The components of EO are present in all the configurations. Three distinct configurations lead to the simultaneous achievement of high environmental performance and high economic performance. Some noticeable differences appear in these configurations: “internal environmental management” is no longer a core condition, instead external practices (“green purchasing,” “cooperation with customers including environmental requirements,” and “investment recovery”) and “risk-taking” become core conditions. We exptrapolate our findings into a set of propositions that expand theory on the link between entrepreneurial orientation and sustainable performance. Our study provides insights for managers who seek to infuse entrepreneurial thoughts and actions into their green supply chain initiatives.     

Green supply chains and the missing link between environmental information and practice

Within the field of green supply chain management (GSCM), an interest in supply chain cooperation to create sustainable competitive advantage, i.e. the collaborative paradigm, has made researchers turn their attention to information related aspects of the supply chain. This study contributes to an understanding of a suboptimal use of environmental information, which is critical for all collaborative efforts aiming at sustainable competitive advantage. The aim of this article is to describe the use of environmental information at different stages of the Swedish food supply chain. The results from this case study of the Swedish food supply chain indicate that environmental information is perceived and used differently by purchasers in the supply chain depending on where (in the supply chain) they are situated in relation to other chain actors. The main contribution of this study is the suggestion of a stage‐dependent connection between perceived environmental cost and perceived environmentally informed consumer demand, which are barriers to GSCM practice discussed in recent GSCM literature. The missing link between information sharing and (environmental) performance of supply chains is explained as distance to end‐consumer in terms of supply chain stages. Implications for GSCM practice and theory are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Institutional-based antecedents and performance outcomes of internal and external green supply chain management practices

Green supply chain management (GSCM) has been a developing topic for at least a couple of decades. Over this time, significant complexities have been observed in its management. Helping to simplify and understand these complexities is necessary from both a practical and research perspective. Given this situation and to further enhance understanding of the topic and even supply chain management in general, this paper develops and empirically tests a theoretical model on the different types of institutional pressures motivating manufacturing enterprises to pursue green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and commensurate performance outcomes. Using a sample of 396 Chinese manufacturers, path analysis is used to evaluate the many structural links. The statistic results show that institutional pressures have driven the manufacturer adoption of internal GSCM practices which in turn relate to their external GSCM practices adoption. The statistic results also suggest that GSCM practices do not directly affect economic performance, but can improve it indirectly. This research contributes to the literature on institutional theory in corporate environmental practices. The research findings provide useful insights for managers seeking to adopt GSCM practices. The results also provide policy insights for professional organizations, regulators, and legislators to further promote GSCM.     

基于信任的供应链中断风险研究综述

文中通过信任在供应链中断风险现状中的理论和实证两方面的综述,发现信任能够降低企业间的交易成本、促进信息共享和长远合作。同时,信任与风险正相关关系,合理地防御信任带来的供应链风险,能够为核心企业和供应商创造大量商业价值和提高供应链企业共同防御风险的能力。文中指出了进一步的研究方向：①信任维护成本的问题;②供应链联盟的信任机制问题;③供应链中断风险的实证研究问题。     

Sustainable Production: Practices and Determinant Factors of Green Supply Chain Management of Chinese Companies

This paper explores the green supply chain management (GSCM) of companies based in the Yangtze River Delta, China. The companies' overall GSCM practice level (L_GSCM) is measured by using the data from 165 valid respondents in a questionnaire survey conducted during April and May 2009. The relationships between L_GSCM and the classified determinant factors are analyzed. It is indicated that Chinese companies are still at a preliminary stage of GSCM practices. Their environmental management in cooperation with external members of the supply chain is very marginal. A company's L_GSCM is significantly and positively associated with the external pressures from regulatory, domestic clients and business competitors. As an internal factor, a company's learning capacity greatly determines L_GSCM. We also confirm that the internal factors function as intermediate variables of external pressures in influencing a company's GSCM. A company's environmental management capacities will be strongly enhanced by frequent internal training of employees to increase its involvement in GSCM practices. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Green supply chain management – food for thought?

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices on the performance of UK food retail small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). A quantitative approach using a non-probability sampling of 84 participants was employed. Based on the literature review, five hypotheses were developed and tested using the partial least square-structural equation modeling (SEM-Smart PLS 2.03) approach. The reviewed literature revealed that key internal drivers (ID) and external pressures (EP) stimulate organizations to initiate GSCM practices in UK food retail SMEs. Though empirical findings strongly supported the statement that ID influence GSCM practices, they did not show a significant relationship between EP and GSCM practices. Literature also suggests that practicing GSCM can help improve the efficiency, brand image (BI) and profitability, and thus improve the overall firm performance which is also empirically proved. This study helps enrich existing theories on SCM and organizational performance. As to practical impact, this study should facilitate SMEs in GSCM practices and thus help green the economy. While the findings of this study have limited generalisability as the data were collected from UK SMEs only and the sample size was comparatively small, this research establishes a foundation for further study in this domain.     

合作、信任与社会制度

在对供应链企业间信任进行博弈分析的基础上,提出法律体系与社会制度对于培养企业间信任、促进合作具有重要作用,并给出了在社会制度 背景下企业间信任博弈的一般模型。     

An empirical analysis: Did green supply chain management alleviate the effects of COVID-19?

Supply chain management played a central role during the COVID-19 crisis, as the outbreak of the pandemic disrupted the majority of all global supply chains. This paper tests whether companies that use green supply chain management (GSCM) practices benefited from a buffer effect in the context of COVID-19. Our empirical analysis, conducted on a sample of U.S. companies, shows that GSCM companies experienced less negative abnormal stock returns during the crisis. This result contributes to the literature on financial impact of GSCM, finding that GSCM is perceived as an effective risk management tool and can serve as an effective drug against COVID-19 crisis. Our paper also contributes to the business debate on the role of green supply chains in the post-COVID19 world.     

A Comparison of Regulatory Awareness and Green Supply Chain Management Practices Among Chinese and Japanese Manufacturers

Leading manufacturers in developed countries generally have high environmental awareness and implement proactive environmental management practices such as green supply chain management (GSCM). However, it is uncertain if smaller manufacturers in developed countries are more proactive than all manufacturers in developing countries. To understand this situation, we carried out surveys among small and medium‐sized Japanese manufacturers, leading Chinese manufacturers and traditional Chinese manufacturers. Statistical results show that leading Chinese manufacturers have the highest awareness of both domestic and international environmental regulations/policies, and implement all GSCM practices at the highest level. Leading Chinese manufacturers and Japanese manufacturers are aware of international environmental regulations/policies, but such awareness only motivates them to implement eco‐design practices. Traditional Chinese manufacturers have limited awareness of international environmental regulations/policies, but such awareness brings all types of GSCM practice. Such results can be helpful for different manufacturers in both developed and developing countries to develop suitable environmental strategies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Evaluation and Selection of Sustainable Strategy for Green Supply Chain Management Implementation

The aim of this study is to explore the implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) strategies and to select the best GSCM strategy using fuzzy analytical network process (ANP) methodology. The ANP helps in analyzing the interdependence and interrelations among the various determinants and dimensions of GSCM strategy selection. Fuzzy set theory is applied to avoid the vagueness and uncertainty in human preference judgement. This study uses an empirical case study of an Indian automobile organization to validate the applicability of the proposed model. The results show that the resource based strategy is in first position, having the maximum impact on each determinant. The case organization should improve the green management system with the assistance of a suitable GSCM strategy, i.e. the resource based strategy. This study may help managers to make decisions, and to analyze and standardize their environmental advantages dynamically. The robustness of the projected model is checked by conducting a sensitivity analysis. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment