林业产权结构变革的制度效率分析

林业资源的利用具有经济效益和生态效益两种效用特征,这导致了单纯的市场机制和私有化产权改革无法有效缓解林业部门面临的林业企业发展困境和生态环境持续恶化的双重压力。本文从新制度经济学的角度分析了不同林业产权安排的交易费用及其适用的范围,林业生产的外差效应以及政府对生态林业进行补贴的必要性,在林业产权制度改革中公平与效率的均衡问题,在林业产权结构变革的问题上提出一些供进一步讨论的观点。     

集体林权制度改革的产权设定与林权流转市场的构建

重点分析集体林权制度改革产权设定和林权流转市场构造中的理论问题,阐明了集体林权制度改革的产权设定,提出了林权流转市场体系的建设目标、构建原则和内容框架,从而为推进集体林权制度改革,完善相应的政策措施提供参考。     

林业资本运营中的产权交易

本文主要探讨林业资本运营的核心———购并 ,分析林业企业的购并动机与购并行为、购并应遵循的基本原则 ,探索林业企业购并交易的具体操作 ,并论述林业企业购并市场进一步发展的政策及战略选择以及政府对林业企业购并的监管等相关问题。     

Farmland Prices in the Presence of Transaction Costs: A Cautionary Note

Explicit consideration of transaction costs is highly relevant for modeling farmland price behavior in a realistic manner. Unfortunately, there are numerous theoretical and empirical difficulties associated with doing so. From a research standpoint, such difficulties greatly increase the likelihood of mistakes in the theoretical derivations and/or in the design and application of empirical methods, thereby undermining the validity of the ensuing findings. This article highlights these issues by discussing the theoretical and empirical pitfalls of two seminal recent articles analyzing farmland prices in the presence of transaction costs.     

Transaction Costs and Cattle Marketing: The Information Content of Seller-Provided Presale Data at Bull Auctions

At sales of breeding bulls, prospective buyers have strong incentives to undertake presale measurement activities. To reduce these transaction costs, sellers often provide information on sale bulls. We examine the information content of two measures of the expected performance of the bulls and find that within a given herd, older, simpler measures of performance contain more information about prices (from buyers' perspectives) than newer, more sophisticated measures known as expected progeny differences, or EPDs. We also find, however, that buyers appear to pay considerable attention to annual changes in herd-average EPD values when comparing animals from different sellers.     

河北省林权制度安排的政策效果比较

通过对河北省实行的不同林权制度安排的政策效果进行量化比较,造林业绩、林业投资总额、林业投资结构以及林业总产值等几个方面的结果都显示,私有化的林权制度安排会推动林业的建设;而集体化的林权制度安排可能会成为林业发展的制约。     

林权交易市场中交易行为的博弈分析

各级林权交易市场在全国各地已经逐渐建立起来,但是林权交易市场中林权交易的发生量依然没有明显的上升。为了促进林权交易市场的良性发展,吸引更多的林权供给者和需求者进入市场进行林权交易,本研究通过构建林权交易市场中林权的供给方和需求方两个群体的博弈模型,推导了两群体在多次重复博弈后所得到的是否进行交易的进化稳定策略,剖析了影响供求双方进入林权交易市场进行交易的因素。指出林权交易中交易成本高,林权转出后林权供给方的非林业就业收入不稳定,林权需求方对林地投资的期望收益低和林地经营难以获得规模经营收益等是交易不旺的主要原因,并在此基础上提出了健全我国林权交易市场运行机制的政策建议。     

Market Emergence and Transition: Arbitrage, Transaction Costs, and Autarky in China's Grain Markets

Using trimonthly Chinese provincial grain prices from 1988 to 1995, we estimate a parity-bounds model of interregional trade for four subperiods to characterize how multiple aspects of market performance change during the process of economic transition. For each period, we estimate the extent to which arbitrage opportunities are realized by traders, the transaction costs between location pairs, and the likelihood that regions do not trade. Trade restrictions cannot explain the pattern of uneven market development over time. Infrastructure bottlenecks, managerial incentive reforms, and production specialization policies, all were likely important factors affecting market performance.     

Modeling Farm Households' Price Responses in the Presence of Transaction Costs and Heterogeneity in Labor Markets

We develop a farm household model to analyze price responses of farm households. This model incorporates various types of transaction costs as well as labor heterogeneity. Nonproportional variable transaction costs or labor heterogeneity imply that production and consumption decisions become nonseparable, even when the household buys or sells labor. An empirical model is estimated using data from Midwest Poland. The results show that nonproportional variable transaction costs and labor heterogeneity significantly influence household behavior. Not all price elasticities, however, change significantly if these are neglected.     

关于辽宁省林权抵押贷款的调查报告

介绍了辽宁省林权抵押贷款业务的开展情况,规定了林权抵押贷款的定义,介绍了抵押物的范围、评估办法以及贷款的用途、比率、期限和利率。认为林权抵押贷款目前尚存在缺乏政策指导,农村金融机构网点较少,贷款利率过高,融资成本高,贷款范围过窄等问题。提出了应规范操作,制定适宜林业生产特点的信贷政策,建立多机构参与和多渠道融资模式,建立风险防范机制等建议。