生态位概念在企业管理方面的应用

本文提出了企业生态位的概念,阐述企业生态位的特性,企业生态位宽度识别以及不同企业生态位的竞争关系。阐明企业生态位在经营管理方面的应用,提出实行生态位经营的决策建议。     

生态位概念在企业管理方面的应用

本文提出了企业生态位的概念，阐述企业生态位的特性，企业生态位宽度识别以及不同企业生态位的竞争关系。阐明企业生态位在经营管理方面的应用，提出实行生态位经营的决策建议。     

“生态位”现象与零售业的错位经营

生态位现象对于所有生命现象而言是具有普遍性的一般原理。针对我国零售业布局混乱、定位雷同，过度竞争等状况，生态位现象为零售业提供了“错位经营”的启示。零售企业的错位经营可以从商品错位、空间错位、时间错位、特色错位等方面，结合自身及所处环境的特点来实施。     

基于生态位理论下的航线竞争策略思考

生态学中的物种竞争与企业在市场竞争中的表现具有相似性。基于生态位理论基础,通过引入"生态位适宜程度"和"生态位受威胁程度"量化指标,构建出航线竞争策略选择模型,为改善航班经营提供定量决策工具,并对航线竞争策略进行了实证研究。     

生态位现象与广告的定位策略

源于俄罗斯微生物学家格乌司的格乌司原理即生态位现象,揭示了物种竞争环境下的和谐共生原则,同时也适用于企业竞争的市场环境,基于“生态位”现象的广告定位策略,避免了生态位的重叠,为处于劣势的产品和处于弱势的中小企业,提供了有利的理论依据。     

生态化经营攻略:务实定位加特色品牌创造

当高等教育的改革走向深入,高校迎来了二次创业乃至三次创业的挑战和机遇,一种新的生存模式——生态化经营管理模式在教育界悄然兴起。不同层次的高校开始在相应的“生态位”上寻找自己的优势基因、创造“人无我有、人有我优、人优我新、人新我强”的品牌与特色教育,以此保持学校长期的竞争优势。     

基于生态位的企业竞争关系研究

本文借鉴生态学中生物物种的生态位理论,分析企业生态位重叠的原因、形态模型以及与企业竞争之间的关系,提出企业竞争的实质是生态位重叠并引发资源相对不足,进而阐述了共同进化是企业新型竞争关系构建的目标,探讨了新型竞争关系构建的途径:生态位的分离和新资源的扩充,并指明企业实现共同进化这一目标应具备的条件。     

生态位理论的本质及其在我国零售企业应用的战略意义

生态位理论本是生态学中关于物种关系的普遍原理，但随着人们认识的进一步深化，这一理论现已超越了生物学范畴，渗透到了许多领域。目前，在流通领域全面开放的格局下，我国本土零售企业如何理性和谨慎的发展适合自己的道路，已经成为所有流通企业所必须面对和解决的问题。本论文从企业生态位理论的角度解读苏果超市、永乐电器、北京城乡仓储大超市、深圳人人乐等我国本土零售企业的成功经验，在此基础上探索企业生态位理论在我国零售企业应用的战略意义，期待本论文对我国本土零售企业的战略定位和业态创新有启示性的作用。     

集群企业竞争与进化过程中的生态位选择

从生态位的角度出发,阐述了生态位的概念及相关指标,并分析了生态位重叠与竞争的关系,讨论了基于生态位的企业竞争策略,以及在不同情况下集群企业生态位选择.     

基于遗传基因视角的企业生态位结构分析

本文从物种遗传基因视角将企业生态位结构分为核心层与基础层,核心层主要由核心价值观与企业制度组成;基础层主要由人力资源生态位、资本生态位、技术生态位和信息生态位组成,并对各个组成部分进行了深入分析.     

商业生态系统视域下的企业动态能力构建

动态能力理论认为,随着企业竞争环境动态性的加剧,企业只有不断整合、构建、重组内外部资源和能力,才能适应快速变化的环境,获取持续竞争优势。近年来,信息和网络技术的广泛应用改变了企业竞争的基础,使得企业间的竞争由个体竞争转变为商业生态系统间的竞争。可将动态能力框架扩展到商业生态系统视域,通过对信息空间的搜寻和过滤,锚定企业创新机遇,决定商业生态系统愿景和本企业战略选择。根据战略选择确定资源需求,选择合作伙伴,构建价值网络,获取互补资源,对企业内外部知识和资源进行配置与共享,并保护本企业资源优势,取得新的竞争优势。商业生态系统进入衰退期后,重新寻找新的创新机遇与合作,通过健康的商业生态系统和不断创新实现企业持续发展。传统出版企业应选择加入商业生态系统,通过互补资源、共享知识与协同效应占据网络核心,确立领导地位,通过动态能力的构建和培育来应对外来种群威胁,获取持续竞争优势。     

企业如何构建适合自身的APP营销

通过对APP营销功能与效用的分析,企业要在移动商务环境下进行有效的营销,需结合自身产品与品牌的特点,采用LBS、AR等合适技术,以SICAS模型为依据,遵从4I原则,构建相应的APP,从而提高企业的APP营销水平.     

我国客运专线公司业务外包模式探讨

本文认为,网络性、生产技术性和专业信任性是影响我国客运专线公司业务外包的三个主要因素,它们是客运专线公司进行业务外包时必须考虑的。文章指出,按照业务外包程度的不同,客运专线公司的业务外包可分为完全外包、部分外包、合包、自主经营等四种主要模式,每种模式都有其自身的经营管理特点。客运专线公司应综合考虑成立时间、规划地段、战略定位、风险控制等多种因素并在多因素综合权衡的基础上选择不同的外包模式,这是客运专线公司经营管理的关键和基础。     

Exploring the Principle of Subsidiarity in Organisational Forms

The paper starts with a case study of a medium-sized company in which a strong and successful change in the organisational form and job design took place. A bureaucratic organisation with highly-specialised jobs was converted into a new organisation in which employees became much more autonomous in managing their own work. This not only entailed new techniques and managerial systems but also a new anthropological vision. Bureaucratic rules were reduced, but not eliminated completely, and management became less authoritarian. Employees could therefore apply greater entrepreneurial spirit, developing their talents in pursuit of the company’s common goals. It is argued that this new organisational form is ethically superior to the old, and reflects the basic requirements of the principle of subsidiarity. The ethical principle of subsidiarity holds that a larger and higher-ranking body should not exercise functions which could be efficiently carried out by a smaller and lesser body; rather the former should support the latter by aiding it in the coordination of its activities with those of the greater community. While the principle has usually been applied in a political context, this paper explores the principle as a moral base for organisational forms within business organisations. Finally, the principle of subsidiarity is analysed in the context of business organisations and proposed as an ethical guideline for organisational forms. This would help to mitigate the effects of those bureaucracies in which individuals, with their dignity, freedom, diversity and capacity for undertaking business activities with entrepreneurial spirit, are often not fully appreciated.     

Ethics and the Ivory Tower: The Case of Academic Departments of Finance

This study reports the results from a survey of 1,000 finance faculty members within schools of business across the U.S. concerning their knowledge of ethical transgressions as well as their attitudes towards ethics training in the curriculum. Ethical breaches appear most frequently with the unauthorized duplication of licensed software and the misuse of university resources for private consulting activity. Yet knowledge of ethical misconduct is highly segmented, with significant differences in reporting frequency between groups based upon citizenship, academic rank and school size. Contrary to the implications of Hawley (1991), we find there is a widely held belief by finance educators that business ethics has a legitimate role in business curriculums and should be included in finance course work. Further, our respondents strongly reject the notions that ethical practices are inconsistent with the principle of shareholder wealth maximization or that finance is more susceptible to ethical transgressions than other functional areas of business. We conclude that finance faculty are able to serve as legitimate ethical mentors for students and by implication may positively influence future corporate ethical behavior.     

“Watch that Space! The County Hierarchy in Firm Births and Deaths in the UK, 1980–1999”

The paper investigates the relationships between registrations, de-registrations and population density at county level in the UK using VAT data for 20 years over the period 1980–1999. The rationale for this is based on the need to understand how the extent to which, in different parts of the UK, differences in the relationship between birth rates and death rates combine to produce an interpretable pattern in net birth rates. The analysis of the net birth rate shows that a strategy aimed at the net birth rate might, in principle, just as well aim at reducing business failure, rather than raising the birth rate. Indeed this might be more efficient, since it implies that less start-ups are “wasted^” as it would avoid the necessity, if targets are to be reached, of encouraging those individuals who are patently unsuited to running their own business into business ownership.     

我国投资银行业务的现状、风险防范及业务创新

我国投资银行业务的现状及存在的问题 :传统型业务 ,存在承销业务雷同 ,经纪业务品种单一 ,业务趋同和业间合作趋同化 ;创新型业务———并购业务 ,存在诸多非市场因素及投资银行自身障碍导致了并购后企业的低效率 ;业务多元化是投资银行的发展趋势 ,但多元化带来的利益冲突日益突显。政府在政策上就必须逐步解除人为垄断 ,引导投资银行走特色经营之路 ,完善相关法规 ,继续实施产权制度改革 ,推动并购业务的创新发展。券商要不断地进行业务创新 ,开拓业务的多元化和国际化 ,以实现投资银行的可持续发展。     

Ethical Perceptions of Business Students: Differences Between East Asia and the USA and Among “Confucian” Cultures

This paper reports the results of a survey of 842 undergraduate business students in four nations – the United States of America (the USA), the Peoples’ Republic of China (the PRC), Japan, and the Republic of Korea (the ROK). This survey asked students to respond to four scenarios with potentially unethical business behavior and a string of questions related to the importance of ethics in business strategy and in personal behaviors. Based on arguments related to differences in recent historical experiences, the authors suggest that student responses may be as different within the East Asian (Confucian) environment as they are between this environment as a whole and the USA. Survey results indicate a greater perception of ethical problems and more importance placed on ethics per se in business practices, as well as less of an emphasis on social harmony (a key distinguishing characteristic of Confucian values identified in prior research) on the part of USA students. At the same time, substantial national differences in response are also witnessed within the set of East Asian students. A priori expectations as to the manner in which these East Asian responses should vary based on differences in recent historical experiences are partially, but not fully, supported. The authors argue that the key value of the reported research rests on a demonstration that national differences within a common cultural (e.g., East Asian or Confucian) area can be as great as differences across cultural (East vs. West) areas and that practitioners of global business must fine-tune their expectations as to acceptable business and personal actions to accommodate specific national historical experiences to be effective. Professors Chung and Eichenseher are professor of accounting at their respective universities. Professor Taniguchi's primary field of study is economics.     

我国商业银行中间业务发展分析——以12家上市商业银行为例

基于12家上市商业银行2011年半年报数据,运用统计性描述法深入比较分析我国主要商业银行中间业务当前发展状况并给出未来发展建议。研究表明,我国上市商业银行的中间业务收入及其在营业收入中的比重均有较大幅度的提高,并呈现中间业务收入与其规模正相关,具体构成共性业务与个性业务并存,传统中间业务的主导地位下降等特点。商业银行进一步发展中间业务,应在确定战略目标的前提下,加强产品研发力度,大力发展新兴中间业务,积极培育和引用相关人才,同时四大国有控股的商业银行与中型股份制商业银行应实行差异化发展策略。     

Of Fallacies and Curricula: A Case of Business Ethics

One of the main objectives of the undergraduate business school curriculum is to develop the students' critical thinking and decisionmaking skills. Official documents such as the school's objectives usually state this as part of its social contract. However, university processes sometimes break the most elementary rules of logical reasoning which, in turn, may lead to questionable decisions. This paper discusses the specific case of the mandatory stand-alone business ethics course as an instance of flawed reasoning in curricular processes. Educational institutions model the students' decision making patterns, not only by formal courses but by the example their own decision making processes set. Academicians should be aware of these processes' underlying values and vices. This should lead to better decisions and set a proper example for our students.