大股东控制权、现金流权与公司绩效——基于中国家族上市公司的实证研究

以2009年沪市发行A股且采用金字塔控股的137家家族上市公司为样本,用托宾Q衡量公司绩效,对现金流权、控制权、两权分离度对公司绩效的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明:我国家族上市公司最终控制股东现金流权与托宾Q正相关,表现出利益汇聚和激励效应;最终控制股东控制权与托宾Q负相关,存在大股东利用控制权攫取控制权私利现象,并且两权分离度与托宾Q负相关。     

宏观经济周期对企业外部融资的影响研究

本文认为,经济周期会通过影响融资-托宾Q、融资-现金流敏感度来影响企业的外部融资行为。实证发现,托宾Q与外部融资正相关,现金流与外部融资负相关。随着经济周期的变化,托宾Q和现金流对外部融资的影响系数也会发生变化。在经济扩张时期,托宾Q对债权融资的正向影响会增强,现金流对债权融资的负向影响会减弱;而托宾Q对股权融资的正向影响会减弱,现金流对股权融资的负向影响会增强。因此,企业债权融资和资产负债率是顺周期的,而股权融资是逆周期的。此外,经济周期对不同规模、产权、行业的企业外部融资影响也存在差异。     

股权结构与资本结构对上市企业绩效的影响分析

公司绩效是指在一定经营期内公司利用资源进行经营活动的成果,其也是一个公司得以生存的根本。在公司内部治理过程中,股权结构是非常关键的内容,影响着公司的经营、投资与治理,进而影响公司绩效。而资本结构则是外部治理中的重要机制,影响着公司的融资成本、税收和风险等,进而影响公司绩效。本文在概述股权结构、资本结构与公司绩效,分析股权结构与资本结构对公司绩效影响的理论研究的基础上,通过实证分析了股权结构与资本结构对上市企业绩效的影响,以期为优化结构,提高上市企业绩效提供参考。     

资产价格扭曲是否形成了企业投资约束--基于托宾Q值的理论与实证分析

通过构建含有企业在不同资本市场上市比例作为利率权重的托宾Q模型,解释说明同时在多地资本市场上市的企业因股票价格具有差异而产生的价格扭曲使托宾Q值的有效性降低。企业整体估值受到多个资本市场的影响,当企业股价产生较大程度的价格扭曲时,管理层会重新审视托宾Q值的可信性,从而对投资产生约束。实证中以中国境内A股市场和中国香港H股市场同时上市企业的年度数据为例,检验理论模型的相关推论,结果发现:价格扭曲现象削弱了企业价值的真实性,使投资—Q敏感度降低,形成企业投资约束;股权上市比例较高的资本市场利率对企业投资影响较大,且股权上市比例越高的市场估值对投资—Q敏感度影响越大;基于不同方法计算的托宾Q值对企业投资的影响具有差异。最后,从促进企业价值回归、提升企业投资效率的角度提出相关建议。     

资本市场对云南省经济发展的影响

资本结构与企业绩效的关系受到诸多因素的影响。本文主要利用云南省上市企业基本数据对资本结构和企业绩效的关系进行实证分析,得出,在其他因素一定的前提下,资产负债率与净资产收益率呈负相关的关系,资产负债率与托宾Q值之间也呈负相关关系。说明,云南省上市企业的债务融资不能起到提高企业绩效的作用,债务比例的增加而公司的绩效会下降。     

全流通市场下的估值中枢为何呈现下移趋势

本文根据托宾Q比率理论,从投资收益的角度分析了尚未完全流通情况下托宾Q比率对投资的引导作用,分析了在托宾Q比率指导下的投资策略以及这些策略对资本市场估值中枢的理论影响.文章还通过对所有A股公司的托宾Q值刲行测算,分别检验了托宾Q值对"大小非"减持和实物资产投资的引导关系,并通过Granger因果检验证明了"大小非"减持数量对市场的估值中枢产生了影响的结论,认为由于托宾Q值的仍旧较高而导致股票市场估值中枢可能会较之历史高水平现下移趋势.     

全流通市场下的估值中枢为何呈现下移趋势

本文根据托宾Q比率理论,从投资收益的角度分析了尚未完全流通情况下托宾Q比率对投资的引导作用,分析了在托宾Q比率指导下的投资策略以及这些策略对资本市场估值中枢的理论影响。文章还通过对所有A股公司的托宾Q值进行测算,分别检验了托宾Q值对"大小非"减持和实物资产投资的引导关系,并通过Granger因果检验证明了"大小非"减持数量对市场的估值中枢产生了影响的结论,认为由于托宾Q值的仍旧较高而导致股票市场估值中枢可能会较之历史高水平呈现下移趋势。     

某高新环保企业股权结构及资本结构对其正在筹划上市的影响

对于即将上市的公司来说,公司绩效是根本,而在公司内部管理中股权结构通过影响公司的生产经营过程而影响着公司的绩效和在外部治理中资本结构因为融资、税收等方面的原因而影响着公司绩效,因此本文从股权结构和资本结构的角度出发来阐述其对高新环保企业绩效和企业上市的影响,以期对高新环保企业上市提供一定的理论依据.     

浅析我国上市公司股权结构存在的问题及完善措施

股权结构是公司治理结构的重要组成部分，大量的实证研究及理论研究的结果表明，不同的股权结构对于公司的经营激励，收购兼并，代理权竞争以及监督等方面均有较大影响，而我国上市公司目前的股权结构不利于公司绩效的提高，因此需要进行调整，本对这些问题进行了探讨。     

国有控制权转移、终极控制人变更与公司业绩

本文研究了国有控制权转移对公司业绩的影响,以及终极控制人变更对国有控制权转移绩效影响的问题。研究结果表明,国有控制权转移总体上并没有改善公司业绩,终极控制人变更能够改善国有控制权转移的绩效;控制权转移之后收购的资产在短期内提高了公司业绩,但没有发现这种正向作用在终极控制人是否变更两类公司之间存在显著差异。本文的研究结论为我国国有企业改革提供了重要依据。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government’s debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction

China’s slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China’s provinc...     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.