论知识产权的刑事司法保护——兼论北部湾经济区的开放开发

提高北部湾经济区的自主创新能力,加快科技成果引进消化吸收再创新,必须以知识产权得到充分保护为前提.刑法通过剥夺或限制犯罪人权利来保护知识产权,是知识产权保护的最后防线.加强合作,严格执法,确保知识产权保护功能得到充分发挥,对于激发经济区的创新精神和创造激情,提高竞争力具有重要的理论和现实意义.     

论知识经济条件下知识产权的涵义

世界经济正在从工业经济向知识经济转变,知识经济的源泉是创新,创新产生了对知识产权保护的需求,形成了当今社会日趋完备的知识产权保护制度,知识产权已成为知识经济的基础制度条件和发展战略.     

论完善我国知识产权刑法保护的对策

目前知识产权作为产权的一种特殊形式,作为一种宝贵的财富在世界范围内得到了承认和保护。我国现行的知识产权刑法保护手段存在着一定的缺陷和不足,应重视和完善我国知识产权刑法保护的立法,研究知识产权刑事司法保护的有效对策,以适应当前打击知识产权犯罪的需要。     

知识产权保护对企业创新效率的影响——基于知识溢出视角

本文以知识溢出、知识产权保护与企业创新效率的机制分析为基础,采用我国2005～2019年企业经济活动省级面板数据,运用超越对数生产函数随机前沿模型就知识溢出、知识产权保护对企业创新效率的影响进行分析,反复检验得出,知识溢出和知识产权保护均有益于促进企业创新效率的提升。基于此,分别以知识溢出与知识产权保护作为门槛变量进一步探讨二者对企业创新效率的影响机制与作用效果,研究发现：知识溢出越多,知识产权保护对企业创新效率的激励作用越大,知识产权保护机制越完善,知识溢出对企业创新效率的正向激励越大。因此,当我国知识溢出越多、知识产权保护越严格,越有益于提高我国企业创新效率。本文从知识溢出与知识产权保护两个不同的角度说明了知识产权制度是一种能把知识资源转化为创新效率的有效制度。     

论高新技术产业发展的知识产权

高新技术产业,是以高新技术为基础的知识密集、人才密集、资金密集的现代产业。在21世纪“知识经济”时代,知识经济是以产权化的知识为基础的经济,高新技术产业对经济发展将起着重要的作用。知识产权保护程度与知识创新带来的系统利益是正相关的,知识产权保护程度越高．创新的垄断利益就越大,创新倾向就越强,从而提高了技术知识被开发创造出来的可能性．增加技术知识的供给数量。这对整个产业群落是有益的,即增加了整个群落的系统利益。设Z 表示知识创新带来的系统利益,X表示知识产权保护程度,Z 与X之间构成函数关系,即知识创新效益函数,见图。     

浅析知识产权保护对互联网企业创新的促进作用

在当今世界,随着互联网的日益兴旺,传统的知识产权保护收到前所未有的冲击,知识产权保护的客体得到拓展,保护范围不断扩大,保护的类型也呈现出了多样化的特点。因此,必须全面分析现行互联网络环境下知识产权保护的现状,分析和揭示其存在的问题,了解知识产权的紧迫性和重要性,这样,才能充分发挥知识产权保护对互联网企业的创新的促进作用。     

企业风险管理控制体系下企业知识产权创新保护制度建设

本文依据国家标准标准化管理委员会频布的《企业法律风险管理指南》,结合企业经营管理实际情况,从强化企业经营管理主体意识观念入手,细化企业经营管理流程,建立相应的企业知识产权创新保护流程制度、企业内部信息交流制度、保密制度等,特别是企业内部知识产权创新保护风险评价制度和职业培训制度,从而建立和完善企业知识产权创新保护机制,提高企业知识产权创新保护水平,提高企业的市场竞争力。     

利用政府行为实现知识产权的分等级保护

探讨了知识产权保护强度与国家自主创新能力和社会福利之间的关系,提出了一个新的思路:将知识产权保护分为两个等级,即创新过程的知识产权保护和扩散过程的知识产权保护;并且指出,可以利用政府行为来实现知识产权的分等级保护,以得到最优的组合解使国家利益最优化。同时,对政府行为力度控制问题提出了自己的见解。     

知识产权示范城市、知识产权保护与企业创新——基于中国工业企业的微观证据

知识产权示范城市作为深化知识产权领域改革的先行示范区,是知识产权保护和运用的聚集地。借助知识产权示范城市试点这一准自然实验,基于2007—2015年中国工业企业数据库和中国专利数据库的微观企业数据,使用渐进双重差分方法检验知识产权示范城市试点政策对企业创新的影响,并识别知识产权保护作用机制。结果表明：知识产权示范城市试点政策显著提升了企业创新水平。机制检验发现,知识产权示范城市试点政策通过增加知识产权制度供给,提高知识产权司法保护强度,最终促进企业创新水平的提升。异质性分析表明,知识产权示范城市试点政策对国有企业创新的提升效应显著高于非国有企业,对高科技行业企业创新的提升效应显著高于传统行业企业,对西部地区企业创新的提升效应显著高于东部和中部地区。     

煤矿企业知识产权优势培育工作的探索

文章介绍了永城煤电控股集团有限公司在健全知识产权管理制度、加强知识产权管理创新、宣传知识产权开发保护工作的相关知识、完善激励知识产权开发机制等方面的一些做法和经验,该公司知识产权开发保护工作进行得比较到位,专利申请数量和转化程度逐年提高,被省列为“知识产权优势企业”。     

论刑法的私权保障及其社会价值

刑法作为公法,首先保障的是公权,也不排除保障私权。问题是刑法在保障私权方面,该做的还远远没有做到。我们应该对受害人的诉讼权利和诉讼地位明确给以法律保障,重视刑法和刑事诉讼法的人性化。在刑事诉讼中推行私法的"自愿、调解"等原则,并以此完善私权的保障。明确公法、公权与私法、私权的关系及其社会价值。     

论单位犯罪中追诉时效制度的适用

根据刑法原理,单位犯罪应适用追诉时效制度。在现行刑法规定下,单位犯罪中单位的追诉时效期限应以单位责任人员中最长的追诉时效期限来确定;单位责任人员的追诉时效期限应以自然人的追诉时效期限来确定。从立法的角度来看,单位犯罪的追诉时效制度还有待通过刑法的修订来进一步完善。     

Effects of intellectual property rights and patented knowledge in innovation and industry value added: A multinational empirical analysis of different industries

Technological innovation drives long-term economic growth, so most countries attempt to provide an innovation-friendly environment that includes tightening protection of intellectual property rights (IPR). However, debate continues on whether strengthened IPR lead to technological development and economic growth: patents promote innovation by protecting appropriation from invention and disclosing knowledge to the public, but they also create excessive monopoly power that may impede further innovation.Using simultaneous equations with cross-country panel data from 12 countries and 3 industries (chemical, electronic, machinery), we estimated the direct effect of IPR on industry value added and the indirect effect of it through enhanced research and development (R&D). The bilateral role of IPR, as measured by patented knowledge, was used to distinguish different characteristics of industries as well as the positive and negative effects of IPR on innovation.Results suggest that IPR generally enhance industry value added, but the positive effect is mitigated with increased enforcement of IPR. Also, IPR enhanced R&D but showed a negative relationship with patented knowledge, suggesting that excessive propertization of knowledge may hinder sequential innovation. The positive role of IPR on R&D predominated in the chemical (discrete) industry and exerted negative effects in the electronic and machinery (complex) industries.     

知识产权保护对我国进口贸易的影响研究——来自中国省区的面板数据分析

站在发展中国家的角度来研究知识产权(IPR)保护水平如何影响其进口,在现有文献的基础上进一步改进"执法力度"衡量指标,以更好地衡量知识产权实际保护水平;基于中国省区1997年-2008年期间的高新技术产品和非高新技术产品进口的面板数据,实证研究IPR保护水平等因素如何影响我国进口。结果发现,中国省区进口与IPR保护之间的关系成正U型,从保护国内消费者和总体福利及促进国内创新的角度而言,我们应该继续加强知识产权保护,这样有利于贸易结构平衡。     

Fearlessly Swimming Upstream to Risky Waters: The Role of Geographic Entry in Innovation

We examine the puzzling geographic pattern that shows firms entering countries with weak intellectual property rights (IPR) protection with their research and development (R&D) activities. Geographic entry into weak IPR protection countries is at odds with conventional wisdom as such an environment erodes a firm's ability to appropriate from its innovations. We offer that while the well‐established practice of spreading out a firm's value chain activities across a region has important implications for value creation, what remains unaddressed is the value appropriation aspect of such activities. We introduce a multilevel theory and maintain that operating regionally through commercialization activities (downstream activities) provides complementary assets to the upstream activities – specifically R&D activities in a country within that region – with which focal firms can appropriate more from their innovations. We find that regional downstream commercialization activities can substitute for weak IPR regimes, thereby providing firms with an alternative mechanism for protecting their intellectual property in weak IPR countries.     

非法拘禁罪的立案标准

非法拘禁罪是近些年来多发的一种犯罪,但刑法关于非法拘禁罪的立案标准却不甚明了。     

Optimal law enforcement when victims are rational players

The economic analysis of crime usually views a victim as a passive party whose role is limited to suffering harm. In this paper, we extend the economic theory of law enforcement by modeling victims as an active party in criminal deterrence. First, they may take some precautions to avoid victimization. Second, they may or may not report their victimization. The lack of reporting weakens law enforcement and criminal deterrence by reducing detection rates. This suggests that victims could be encouraged to report by being paid a compensation. Nevertheless, compensating victims certainly reduces precaution. We argue that such effect never offsets the gains obtained in terms of criminal detection and apprehension. Received: December 1998 / Accepted: January 2000     

The new challenges of organizing intellectual property in complex industries: A discussion based on the case of Thales

The defense industries in France and elsewhere have, in recent years, undergone important technological, organizational and institutional changes that have profoundly altered their architectures. These changes have introduced a new division of labor bringing new opportunities for interaction leading to the creation of additional assets. In this context, the issue of protecting innovations and their exploitation has become central. Managing intellectual property rights (IPR) requires industrial groups to draw on additional capabilities. This article analyzes these evolutions and focuses in particular on the new organizational arrangements that have accompanied them. Using the case of Thales, which in 2005 outsourced its Intellectual Property (IP), we answer questions such as: why should IP be outsourced; how should the outsourcing of IP activities be organized; and, how should capabilities involved in this new organizational arrangement be managed. These issues lie at the center of this research and illustrate new challenges inherent to in-house and outsourced IPR management strategies.     

司法场域中的会计功能与应用

司法会计是通过特定人员运用会计技术来实现会计监督功能,从而为案件性质的确认以及刑事责任的划分提供技术保障。司法会计的主要应用方式体现为司法会计检查活动和司法会计鉴定活动两种类型,包括侦查阶段、审查起诉阶段及审判阶段的司法会计等层面。本文认为,应严格规范司法会计专业人员资格,加强司法会计工作管理和监督,制定司法会计的诉讼活动准则,以保障司法会计活动依法进行。     

浅谈网上追逃的法律困惑及前瞻

网上追逃措施在打击刑事犯罪、抓获犯罪嫌疑人、保证犯罪嫌疑人迅速及时到案发挥了越来越重要的作用,但是由于法律对"网上追逃"缺乏具体明确的规范,实践中犯罪嫌疑人的羁押、移交程序随意、混乱,容易侵害犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益。本人认为应当尽快将其纳入刑事诉讼法进行规范,细化网上追逃程序,保护犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益。