企业会计核算和统计核算协调处理

随着社会经济的快速发展和企业管理制度的不断改革,企业会计核算和统计核算的协调发展显得尤为必要。本文首先概述了企业会计核算和统计核算的含义,然后简要说明了企业会计核算和统计核算协调处理的必要性,最后从运用会计分析手段搞好财务预测、运用统计方法搞好会计监督、严谨规范统计工作及加强人员分工协作四个方面提出了企业会计核算和统计核算协调处理的方法。     

跨学科视角下政府资产负债表编制研究——概念比较及协调策略

政府资产与负债核算涉及国民经济核算、政府财政统计、政府会计等不同学科领域,作为政府资产、负债记录载体的政府资产负债表也具有不同的学科属性与特征.研究分别从微观、中观与宏观三个不同层次构建了政府资产负债表跨学科协调框架,并分析了政府资产负债表跨学科协调的意义.研究还由表及里地剖析了不同学科视角下政府资产负债表的编制逻辑及概念体系,在此基础上结合国民经济核算体系、政府财政统计手册与国际公共部门会计准则等国际规范,系统地比较了不同核算体系下政府资产负债表在核算目标、核算主体、要素定义、计量方法与列报格式等核心概念上的差异.研究最后在深化国家治理体系改革的时代背景下,设计了我国政府资产负债表跨学科协调方案与策略,以期为我国国家资产负债表、政府财政统计报告及政府财务报告编制与改革提供跨学科理论与技术支持.     

建立会计与统计相协调的核算体系

建立统计和会计核算相协调的核算体系对现实工作具有重要的指导意义,本文对构建过程中要采取的一些措施作出了建议,以便于可以在短时间内建立科学有效的统计和会计相协调的核算体系.     

政府财政统计与国民经济核算之间的关系研究

政府财政统计是反映财政运行状况的重要工具和制定财政政策的重要依据;国民经济核算是反映宏观经济运行状况的重要工具和制定宏观经济政策的重要依据。两者之间既存在密切联系,也存在明显的区别。本文从基本概念、基本原则、基本分类、基本框架和基本方法等方面出发,对2014年GFS和2008年SNA、中国政府财政统计体系和中国国民经济核算体系进行比较研究,揭示两对统计体系之间的联系和区别,目的在于准确分析两对统计体系,助力我国政府财政统计体系改革和发展,加强我国政府财政统计体系与我国国民经济核算体系之间的协调,使之在我国宏观经济分析和政策制定中发挥更加重要的作用。     

金融业增加值核算问题研究

本文回顾了我国金融业增加值核算方法的演进,分析了当前金融业增加值在核算科目、核算范围、推算指标等方面存在的问题,提出进一步统一金融机构的会计核算与统计核算科目、扩大统计核算范围、改进季度的推算方法、夯实金融业发展基础等建议.     

论经济统计学如何适应新核算体系的改革

随着我国经济的不断发展,我国逐渐开始实行了国民经济核算体系,这标志着我国的统计工作将会进行全方位的改革。而随着经济统计实践改革的实现,我国相应的经济统计学应该适时的采取措施,促进自身改革的进程,以此来不断的适应我国的新核算体系的改革。本文主要是对经济统计学如何适应新核算体系的改革进行了研究探讨,并提出了相关的建议。     

论经济统计学如何适应新核算体系的改革

随着我国经济的不断发展,我国逐渐开始实行了国民经济核算体系,这标志着我国的统计工作将会进行全方位的改革.而随着经济统计实践改革的实现,我国相应的经济统计学应该适时的采取措施,促进自身改革的进程,以此来不断的适应我国的新核算体系的改革。本文主要是对经济统计学如何适应新核算体系的改革进行了研究探讨,并提出了相关的建议。     

我国绿色国民经济核算体系的构建探讨

目前,我国的国民经济核算体系仍然以GDP核算作为衡量经济的重要标准,但是这种传统的GDP核算只能单纯的看到经济发展的状况,对于经济发展带来的环境以及生态的破坏却没有明确的表示出来,人们在关注的经济发展的同时忽视了环境的保护。随着可持续发展观念的出现以及发展,我国在对国民经济进行核算时,应加入环境以及生态资源的投入力度,构建新型的国民经济核算体系,即绿色国民经济核算体系。本文就绿色国民经济核算的含义、存在的问题进行分析,探究我国绿色国民经济核算体系的构建。     

会计网络化对银行会计内部控制的影响

近年来,我国经济金融和网络信息技术高速发展,进一步整合各类系统资源,实现业务处理自动化、信息传输网络化和数据资源共享,成为会计应用软件开发建设的主导方向。为适应经济金融的改革和发展,银行会计不断变革与创新,从手工核算、计算机单机版核算过渡到网络化时代,逐步提高了账务核算、资金结算及信息反映的质量和效率。     

国有企业会计核算与统计核算的关系与协调探究

在经济核算中,两个分支就是会计核算与统计核算。会计核算与统计核算在国有企业的整个经济核算中,都起到了非常重要的作用,两者在同样的经济核算中发挥着不同的作用,同时两者也是有着非常重要的联系。本文笔者着重对国有企业会计核算与统计核算的关系进行详密的剖析,对两者的相互关系和作用进行了新的探究和解析。会计核算与统计核算存在的联系为国有企业进行经济核算奠定了至关重要的基础。     

论我国会计准则和会计制度的关系

本文就我国会计界普遍关注的问题-有关会计准则和会计制度的关系问题进行了简要的分析论证。从两者各自的涵义和特点入手，继而分析了评价会计规范的标准，指出在我国现实情况下，既要致力于会计规范的国际协调，又要注重会计的中国特色。最后文章得出结论：在现阶段，我国应保持会计准则和会计制度并存并协调发展；但是，我国会计规范的远期目标则是建立单一的会计准则。     

财务会计目标之透视

财务会计目标是会计准则的基石,用来指引整个财务会计概念框架和会计准则体系的构建,在会计准则制定工作中起重要的导航作用。本文在对财务会计目标综述的基础上,分析了我国会计环境对财务会计目标的影响;进一步明确了在我国目前的会计环境下,财务会计目标应定位于"决策有用观+受托责任观"。     

The HM ‘Treasure's Island’: The Application of Accruals-based Accounting Standards in the UK Government

Since the 1990s, UK has been progressively adopting a governmental accounting reform purporting to interpret and mimic accounting standards and practices from the private sector. Since 2009, the UK set of accounting standards applicable to the whole of governmental entities is based upon the HM Treasury's official interpretation of the international accounting standards initially designed for commercial enterprises, the latter standards having extensively inspired the International Public Sector Accounting Standards. This article analyses some representational concerns raised by its application of a balance sheet accounting approach to the public administration, pointing to consolidation perimeter, current value measurement of assets and liabilities and the case of public–private partnerships. This theoretical analysis develops relevant implications for representation and control of public spending and borrowing in UK and in general.     

Australian – USA Federal Government Accounting: Convergence or Divergence?

Despite moves toward international harmonisation of accounting standards, there is evidence that standards regulating government accounting in various countries are diverging. This paper argues that, despite their similar federal systems and ostensibly similar objectives for federal government reporting, the accounting standards of the USA and Australia differ significantly in detail. A comparison of their objectives and standards reveals that the standards particularly differ in relation to accounting for assets, and in determining the performance of a reporting entity. Although these divergences emanate from differing philosophies underlying the standards of the two countries, they have implications for international harmonisation of accounting standards, and for reciprocity agreements.     

Political Influence and Coexistence of a Uniform Accounting System and Accounting Standards: Recent Developments in China

This article investigates the role of political influence, as well as accounting tradition and the equity market, in China's recent changes in accounting regulation. We find that the Chinese government, in part self-motivated and in part under external pressure, has been active in developing accounting standards in harmony with international accounting standards. However, it has retained a uniform accounting system in the Enterprise Accounting System issued in 2000 to accommodate the special circumstances of a transforming government, strong state-ownership, a weak accounting profession, a weak and imperfect equity market, and the inertial effect of accounting tradition and cultural factors. This article also contributes to existing models of accounting system classification by illustrating the need for considering political influence as a factor that affects the rate of transition towards full implementation of international accounting standards.     

试论环境会计与企业发展

进入80年代,环境问题由地区性问题上升为全球性问题,会计与环境破坏有重大牵连,对会计责任的要求已经超出了人际和契约关系的范围,拓展到了社会关系的层面。会计工作是企业存在和发展的基础和前提,而建立并实行环境会计制度是企业实现可持续发展的必要保证。环境会计的实质是要将企业在生产过程中所造成的牺牲环境质量的代价。随着社会经济的发展,会计与环境的联系会越来越强,用会计处理一些环境问题必然会成为当代和未来会计学发展的一大趋势。     

Effective controls for research in international accounting

Numerous studies have examined the value relevance and other characteristics of international and country-specific accounting standards. This paper evaluates the experimental designs of selected studies with respect to the controls essential for effective research. Both cross-country and within-country research designs share a common need for controls. Perhaps the most distinctive element of effective design in these studies is the control for institutional, cultural, and structural differences between countries. Previous research shows that the key outputs of various country-specific accounting standards are functions of a variety of factors including accounting-related issues, legal origin, shareholder protection, the information environment, financial markets, and enforcement of these standards. In addition, effective studies of country-specific or international accounting principles require control for firm and industry-specific effects and for self-selection bias, as in conventional within-country examinations. When controls are not sufficient, observed differences in the outputs of alternative accounting standards may result from differences between countries or firms rather than from different accounting principles. We review a sample of recent research with attention to these control considerations.     

我国企业环境管理会计实施现状及其对策——基于企业中高层管理人员的问卷调查

通过问卷调查,从企业环境管理决策的主体出发,对我国企业环境管理会计的关注度进行了描述性统计分析和因子分析,得出结论:(1)我国企业对于可持续发展和科学的环境管理方法等方面的认识还较薄弱;(2)大部分企业实施环境管理是一种策略性行为;(3)目前我国企业财会人员还未能真正参与到企业的环境管理决策工作当中来。     

New Light on Accrual, Aggregation and Allocation, Using an Axiomatic Analysis of Accounting Numbers' Fundamental and Statistical Character

The general nature of basic accounting measurement procedures is analysed from the perspective of their representational faithfulness rather than, as is normally nowadays done, from the perspective of relevance to user decision models. The character of accounting numbers is examined using an axiomatic framework based in statistical theory to demonstrate that statistical properties of the numbers are created by the process of preparing, constructing, the numbers. These properties, deriving from the process of constructing the numbers, are there regardless of the uses to which the numbers may be put, and therefore knowledge of them informs not only preparers of the numbers but also those who decide whether and how to disclose them to others, and those who make use of them for any purpose.
The article argues, with axiomatic analysis and examples, that accounting numbers are statistics having properties such as distribution and variance that affect their usefulness in general and that may be examined separately from any use. Such an examination is helpful partly because it then avoids confounding the understanding of accounting measures' technical nature with issues of disclosure choice and use. The necessary axiomatic framework is presented briefly to establish its perspective on measurement questions, then the value of the framework for examining vexing accounting issues is illustrated with examinations of accrual accounting and matching, cross-sectional and time-series allocation, and accounting-relevant market values.     

银行监管规则与会计准则协调面临的挑战

强化会计准则与银行监管规则的相互协调不仅有助于提高会计准则的科学性,而且有利于维护全球金融稳定。针对当前两者在协调方面仍然存在的现实困难,该文建议,应继续推进国际会计准则理事会（IASB）的治理结构改革;会计准则制定机构应加快准则趋同步伐,完善准则制定程序;银行监管机构应积极参与概念框架和会计准则的研究制定,并增强与会计准则协调的主动性。