基于法律规制视角的价格违法行为分析

价格是市场最活跃的因素,也是政府重点监管的市场要素.不同的社会经济条件下所反映出的价格问题有所不同.近年来,我国市场上的价格违法行为日益突出并呈现出几个较为明显的特点:一是价格违法的行为主体较多是在市场上具有较强优势地位的大型企业,具有较大的市场支配力;二是价格违法行为大多系市场上早巳存在,且已经为法律明确禁止的一般性不正当价格行为,并未产生新的违法形式;三是违法行为产生的市场影响较大,严重扰乱了市场秩序,社会反响强烈.从法律规制的视角看,价格违法事件的存在,既有法律规制本身存在的强制力不足的原因,也有市场监管中监管交叉与监管真空造成监管不得力的原因.为进一步完善市场价格法制环境,应在不断完善我国现有价格法律法规体系的同时,重视市场监管机制建设,实现监管主体的多元化与监管手段的多样化,完善信息披露制度等市场监管制度建设.     

The Dynamics of Guanxi and Ethics for Chinese Executives

This study empirically examines how Chinese executives perceive the role of guanxi and ethics played in their business operations. By factor-analyzing 850 valid replies collected from a comprehensive survey, the present study identifies three distinct ethics-related attitudes and two distinct guanxi-related attitudes for Chinese executives. The cluster analysis of the composite scores of these five attitudinal factors further indicates the existence of three distinct groups of Chinese executives that vary in their ethics and guanxi orientations. The three groups are unethical profit seeker (UPS), anti-governance, guanxi-cultivator (AGGC), and apathetic executive (AE). The three groups are also found to be significantly different in such demographic characteristics as age and the ownership structure of the serving organization. Specifically, the inter-group comparison suggests that younger Chinese executives, and those working for privately-owned firms and joint ventures are more inclined to engage in unethical activities for profits. These findings provide useful insights for international investors to formulate their human resource and negotiation strategies in China.     

俄罗斯食品安全法规体系研究

本文对俄罗斯食品安全相关的法规体系进行了简要分析,并陈述了俄罗斯的食品安全监管机构以及对进口食品的相关要求,为对俄食品出口提供借鉴,促进对俄贸易的正常发展。     

浅谈我国安全生产的法律法规建设

安全生产在我国的宪法、劳动法以及关于安全生产的法律和行政法规中都做出了规定。但我国安全生产的法律法规建设还需要进一步完善。加强安全生产法律法规体系建设,应采取提高安全生产立法质量、推进安全生产法律制度创新、完善煤矿安全行政执法等措施,以保证我国真正实现安全生产。     

食品安全问题的政治经济学解读

食品安全问题的基本原因是经营者受经济利益驱动而实施的机会主义行为,这与食品使用价值的生产被异化、食品的价值表现被扭曲、资本逐利的本性被放大密切关联。为此,必须完善市场体系,建立有利于食品安全评价的标准体系和认证体系;完善市场准入制度,建立有利于实现优质优价的政策环境;完善食品安全责任体系,建立有利于来源可追溯、去向可查证、责任可追究的安全责任链。     

《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》对大豆贸易的影响

我国农业部公布的《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》及其《实施细则》已经开始实施。我国是世界上最大的转基因大豆进口国,它们的实施必然会对我国的大豆贸易产生影响。     

食品安全法律法规在食品安全实施中的现状及解决措施

食品安全法律法规的实施需要各个部门的联合执行,对保证食品安全具有重要作用。食品安全问题的不断出现,对人民群众的身体健康和生命安全构成了严重威胁。如何做好食品安全法律法规在食品安全管理中的实施也是当前食品管理中的重要环节。基于此,对食品安全法律法规在食品安全实施的现状和问题进行分析,并根据当前存在的问题采取相应的解决对策。     

The Case for Ethical Non-compete Agreements: Executives Versus Sandwich-Makers

Journal of Business Ethics - Human capital, the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees, can be a powerful driver of firm performance, yet the mobility of human capital raises questions over...     

The WTO,the Environment and Health and Safety Standards

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a product of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The WTO was created in the last round of negotiations (Uruguay Round, 1986‐94) to provide a stronger set of institutions to administer the various agreements negotiated under the GATT framework. Because the WTO is more powerful than its predecessors, critics claim that it poses a threat to national sovereignty. Concerns about the ability of nations to set their own environmental and health and safety agendas have figured prominently in these critiques. In addition, critics suggest that the WTO prioritises trade objectives at the expense of environmental and health and safety objectives. The article explores the extent to which the WTO has been able to reconcile trade, environmental and health and safety objectives by analysing its rulings on these matters. Overall, this analysis suggests that the WTO dispute resolution process has balanced all three sets of objectives. However, it is important to note the small number of disputes to date; only 21of the 175 disputes before the WTO involve environmental and health and safety matters. Further, the WTO has issued decisions in only six of these cases.     

The Health and Safety at Work Act and Retail Managements

A decade ago managemertts in Great Britain were confronted by new workplace health and safety law. They had in many cases experienced the need to comply with statutory requirements before but the 1974 Act brought unique reportsibiliries which were viewed wit11 trepidation. This article focuses upon the influence which the Act has exerted on retail stores' management. It examines the health and safety systems which have evolved in the stores and considers the degree to which they have met the intention of the Act. In addition, the arricle reveals why theories of employee participation can be difficult to translate into practice.     

食品安全对人类健康的影响及对策

对于国家和人民来说,食品安全问题是基本的安全问题。食品安全属于公共安全范畴,对人类健康的影响最为直接。近年来,食品安全问题频发,给人们的健康埋下了极大的隐患。基于此,笔者对人们关注的食品安全问题进行分析和研究,并提出几条解决策略,希望能够给相关的食品安全管理人员提供借鉴和参考。     

还医生以体面:医疗服务走向市场定价

本文分析了政府的价格管制政策导致的医疗医药价格体系扭曲,以及由此导致的医疗机构行为扭曲,并以此为基础说明了造成看病贵困境的根本原因。本文认为,取消价格管制、消除公立医疗机构垄断以实现医疗服务市场的充分竞争,同时完善社会医疗保险机构治理机制、大力发展医疗保险并改革医保付费制度是解决上述问题的根本途径。     

入世与涉外经济贸易法规的调整

<正> 中国改革开放和加入世界贸易组织的过程与结果应是首先在中国的对外经济贸易管理方面建立起一个统一、公正、透明的法律法系。为此,自1999年底以来,我国政府开展了大规模的对外经贸法律、行政法规、部门规章、规范性文件(以下简称“法规”)以及多、双边经贸条约、协议的全面清理工作,同时经过研究,对现行法规做了废、改、保留分类,拟订了需新制订的行政法规的规划。     

Unintended Consequences of Health Supplement Information Regulations: The Importance of Recognizing Consumer Motivations

Information regulation is intended to enhance consumer decision making. However, past studies raise concerns about the effects of such remedies. Using qualitative methods, this research provides a contextualized, in‐depth view of consumer responses to information regulation. The dietary supplement industry provides an informative case for studying the unintended consequences of reducing market restraints. Our findings provide insight into the potential maladaptive behaviors that may accompany information remedies and highlight the importance of considering consumer motivations in regulation design. Real consumer protection can only be forged with an understanding of consumer biases and the unintended impacts likely from such policy intervention.     

中国食品安全与健康研究

近年来,食品生产、加工和销售环节引发的安全隐患越来越多,电视和互联网等媒体上不断爆出苏丹红、转基因、假冒伪劣等字眼,让人触目惊心。这些问题的出现,在社会上造成了一定的恐慌,也导致国人越来越关注食品安全与人身健康。因此,重视并解决好食品安全与健康的问题势在必行。本文从当前我国食品安全与健康的现状出发,探讨目前食品安全问题的产生原因,并提出相应的对策建议。     

Broadband in Telework,Health and Safety: The User Perspective

ABSTRACT

Broadband potentially has strong influence on social issues such as mobility (telework), health, and public and personal safety. To understand and to predict the adoption of broadband services in these domains, it is necessary to ask (potential) users of those services about their actual usage and expectations. Our research is an exploration of these issues. Results show that broadband connections, applications and services do not yet play an important role in the social issues covered in this research. This is understandable, since many real broadband services are not yet offered on a large scale. When looking at the perceived positive aspects of broadband services and applications, especially in telework and health care, it seems socially desirable, for example, government and employers to stimulate telework and the development of broadband health care services. In the public and personal safety domain the role of broadband is not so self-evident for the potential users of broadband services.     

浅谈新《合同法》之代理与我国现行外贸代理制度

我国的外贸代理制在外贸领域已推行多年,较好地促进了外贸业务的发展,同时也不可否认,随着外贸业务的不断发展,该制度在实践中呈现出日益复杂的特点,而在理论上,却仅依据民法的若干条款和部门规章来调整生产企业与外贸公司的代理关系,缺乏规范、对口的法律保障,存在实践与理论脱节的现象。通过对外贸代理制和1999年发布实施的新《合同法》中代理制度的关系进行剖析,对新《合同法》与有关法律法规进行了分析比较,明确了外贸代理制可依据新《合同法》中关于代理的规定来规范双方的权利义务关系。     

经济学视角下治理食品安全问题的对策

食品安全是严重的社会问题,其产生的根源主要在于食品市场存在严重的信息不对称。虽然近年来我国更加重视对食品安全的治理,同时也加强了政府对食品安全的监管,但是单纯依靠政府的监管并不能从根源上治理和解决食品安全问题。所以,要在继续加强政府监管力度的基础上,进一步提高政府监管的技术,还要借助全社会的力量以构建全方位的食品安全监管体系。     

The Advertising of Legal Services to Small Business Executives

ABSTRACT

Providers of professional services have become more interested in advertising their practice as competition has increased in several areas. The author empirically analyzes the elements of professional service print advertisements that would most influence a client's selection and recommendation of a particular firm. The results indicate that displaying a high level of professional qualifications, many specific services targeted toward a particular segment, and a specific consultation fee have a positive impact on customer selection and recommendation decisions.