A Note on Family Influence and the Adoption of Discontinuous Technologies in Family Firms

The 4Cs model of command, continuity, community, and connections is useful for examining the effect of family influence on the adoption of discontinuous technologies. However, assuming that family influence differs only in degree rather than kind is naive because such an assumption ignores the likelihood of heterogeneous behaviors among family firms. In this conceptual note, we extend prior work and explain how heterogeneity in the family's relative emphasis on command, continuity, community, and connections requires that the multifaceted and potentially nonlinear nature of family influence be considered when analyzing strategic decisions concerning family firm innovation.     

FOB or Uniform Delivered Prices: Strategic Choice and Welfare Effects

In spatial markets firms typically use either FOB (mill) or uniform delivered (UD) pricing. What competitive factors motivate this choice and what are the welfare implications of the choice? We study these questions in a duopsony market, where farmers with unit elastic supply curves sell to processing firms. In results that differ considerably from prior work, we show that the equilibrium price policy depends upon the extent of competition in the market, with FOB pricing emerging under very competitive structures and UD pricing emerging under less competition. Mixed FOB‐UD pricing may also emerge in equilibrium. In most cases welfare is higher under UD than FOB pricing.     

Technology Choice and Market Structure: strategic aspects of flexible manufacturing

This paper shows that the adoption of flexible manufacturing techniques by firms leads to a tougher price regime. However, consumers may not benefit since the tougher regime deters entry. Flexible manufacturing's ability to deter entry is moderated by two factors: non-prohibitive costs of re-anchoring flexible manufacturing processes and the possibility that entrants choose to produce niche products using designated technologies rather than adopt flexible manufacturing. Market preemption that deters entry will be characterized by excessive product variety. Alternatively, flexible manufacturers may prefer to accommodate entry by small-scale, niche firms. Moreover, ownership matters in determining equilibrium product configurations.     

采油厂流量仪表选型探讨

流量计的选型直接影响到流量计量的准确度。根据被测介质性质的不同、流量大小和具体的现场条件选择合适的计量仪表,既降低了计量误差,又做到经济耐用,满足了现场计量需要。     

世界乙烯生产及技术发展趋势

介绍了2008年世界乙烯生产概况及主要乙烯生产商的生产能力情况,并对传统乙烯技术及非传统烯烃技术发展趋势进行了分析。建议我国的乙烯装置通过上下游一体化、裂解炉的大型化以及采用先进的生产工艺,降低投资,提高乙烯工业的竞争力。     

龙腾南阳--河南油田第一采油厂采访略记

河南石油勘探局(以下简称河南油田)是一个以石油、天然气开发为主，油、碱、盐一体化多元开发、多种经营的大型企业，坐落在这块枕伏牛、蹬汉江、倚秦岭、俯淮河、自古为兵家必争的美丽土地上，以其优越的地理位置，优美的自然环境，旖旎的矿区风貌，良好的经济效益而饮誉海内外，被誉为“花园油田”、“中州大地上一颗璀璨的明珠”。     

关于Chebyshev不等式的一点注记

本文给出了 Chebyshev 不等式的一种改进形式,从而得到一种更简便的估计。并就各种情况给出了严格的证明。     

A Note on Hybrid Mortgages

We extend previous research on traditional one-year adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) by analyzing the performance of 3/27 hybrid instruments. Under this contract innovation, which first appeared in the mid-1990s, note rates are fixed for three years after which they convert to a traditional one-year adjustment schedule with periodic and lifetime caps. We find high rates of prepayment, particularly at time of initial rate adjustment, and relatively high rates of default, as would be consistent with the payment shock that often affects adjustable-rate loans.     

A Note on Quality Disclosure and Competition

Competitive pressure is lower in markets where goods are more differentiated. I analyze how a change in the degree of horizontal product differentiation affects the incentives of duopolists to disclose quality information. If disclosure is costly, then a firm discloses high qualities but conceals low qualities in equilibrium. The higher the disclosure cost, the higher the equilibrium threshold below which firms conceal quality information. I show that the effect of product differentiation on quality disclosure depends on the cost of disclosure. For low (high) disclosure costs, a firm discloses more (respectively, less) quality information if goods become more differentiated.     

A Note on Inflation and Relative Tenure Prices

This article develops a simplified model of housing costs to analyze the effects of the expected rate of inflation on residential tenure choice. Inflation, working though the Federal Tax Code, affects a number of the components of housing costs in ways which vary between tenure modes. On net, the tax subsidy to owner-occupancy is more positively leveraged with respect to expected inflation than are tax preferences for rental residential real estate. In fact, it is likely that higher expectations of inflation will reduce the after-tax cost of owner-occupied housing.     

A Further Note on Schools and Housing Values

This paper provides further evidence on the relationship between public schools and housing values. Drawing on data from the Los Angeles and San Francisco areas, the paper presents estimates of an Oates-type model of community housing values. Included in the model are measures of both student achievement and racial composition. The quality of public schooling, as measured by reading achievement, is found to be a strong, statistically significant determinant of community housing values, independent of student racial mix or socioeconomic background. Estimates of the model suggest that changes in achievement scores have substantial impacts on community housing values.     

全球生产网络背景下本土制造企业升级机制及战略选择

全球生产网络为本土企业融入国际分工体系实现升级提供了机会,但同时也带来“低端锁定”的困境,解决这一难题的根本是建立基于网络的本土企业升级机制并选择相匹配的升级战略.全球背景下本土企业依赖自身所拥有的资源,与发达国家领先企业建立各种形式的网络联结,通过知识转移和技术学习机制不断学习并提升企业能力进而实现升级,这一过程是一个协同演化过程,在不同的阶段本土企业应选择适合的网络嵌入战略和升级学习战略,其关键在于资源、网络与企业升级之间形成协同效应.     

顺酐工艺技术路线的综合评价与择优

从生产成本、能耗、技术路线的先进性、操作与维护等方面对以正丁烷为原料生产顺酐的四种工艺技术进行综合对比评价，用模糊数学的方法选择最优工艺。     

耐用消费品价格补贴政策及其福利效应研究——基于农村家庭的考察

本文基于耐用消费品当期购买,在使用年限内各期给消费者带来效用的特点,并且根据当前我国农村家庭的现实情况,建立了理论模型分析价格补贴政策对农村家庭耐用品购买和福利的影响;利用我国农村的现实数据进行实证检验;对同等金额的价格补贴和转移支付的福利效应进行比较。研究结果表明:①价格补贴政策能够增加农村家庭耐用品购买,并且提高其福利水平;②农民预期收入降低和教育、医疗负担偏重会对价格补贴政策的效果产生不利影响;③价格补贴政策的福利效应远大于同等金额的转移支付。     

国际贸易中的动物福利问题研究及我国的对策

动物福利的出现,一方面是经济发展和社会进步的表现;另一方面,是由于发达国家和发展中国家之间存在着巨大的差异。文章对动物福利和动物福利壁垒内涵作深入的剖析,从市场准入限制、产业竞争力影响和贸易抑制影响等方面分析了动物福利壁垒所产生的经济效应;指出动物福利壁垒对我国出口贸易的影响越来越明显。因此,正确认识动物福利问题、增强动物福利意识、加强动物福利立法、建立预警机制、改革农牧业的生产方式、加大投入和依法抵制新贸易保护主义是我国应对动物福利壁垒的主要策略和措施。