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1.
Conventional wisdom on public debt management says that liquidity demand should be satiated and that tax rates should be smoothed. Conflicts between the two can arise when government bonds provide liquidity. Smoothing taxes causes greater variability in fiscal balances, and therefore in the supply of government liabilities. When prices are flexible, and can jump to absorb fiscal shocks, the tradeoff between liquidity provision and tax smoothing is eased; when they conflict, optimal policy subordinates tax smoothing to satiating liquidity demand. When price fluctuations impose real costs, conflicts necessarily arise and optimal policy gives primacy to neither goal. 相似文献
2.
我国财政政策和货币政策相互作用的实证研究——基于政策在价格决定中的作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文选取1980~2009年度数据为样本,利用MS-VAR模型检验我国财政政策和货币政策在价格决定中的作用区制。实证结果表明,在1980~1997年间,价格为货币政策主导区制;之后为财政政策主导区制。为检验该结果的稳健性,本文分别对李嘉图等式和财富效应进行分样本区间的实证分析。最后,本文选取1996~2010年的月度数据,利用MS-OLS模型检验财政政策和货币政策与价格的关系,发现我国互补的宏观经济政策在稳定物价上是有效的。 相似文献
3.
This article presents a systematic analysis of the availability and use of fiscal space in emerging and developing economies. We report two major results. First, emerging and developing economies built fiscal space in the run-up to the Great Recession of 2008–2009, which was then used for stimulus. Since then, fiscal space has shrunk and remains narrow as these economies have taken advantage of historically low interest rates. Second, fiscal policy in emerging and developing economies has become countercyclical (or less procyclical), i.e., “graduated,” since the 1980s, as most clearly demonstrated during the Great Recession. The move towards graduation is most pronounced for those economies with greater fiscal space, which suggests that fiscal space matters for a government’s ability to implement countercyclical fiscal policy. 相似文献
4.
致力于提升社会福利水平的财政政策经济理论为北欧国家的财政政策制定和执行提供了理论框架,使北欧国家逐步发展为福利国家。然而本文认为该理论的某些假设并不切合实际。 相似文献
5.
致力于提升社会福利水平的财政政策经济理论为北欧国家的财政政策制定和执行提供了理论框架,使北欧国家逐步发展为福利国家。然而本文认为该理论的某些假设并不切合实际。 相似文献
6.
财政政策与货币政策无论是在微观经济领域还是在宏观经济领域都相互影响、相互制约。作为现代宏观经济管理中的核心政策,实现两者的最佳配置并使其具有科学性、系统性和针对性,对于实现我国经济目标和促进经济的健康发展具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
This paper investigates the dynamic properties of intergovernmental financing during a fiscal reconstruction process by analyzing the dynamic game among local governments, which operates with soft budget constraints because of concessionary region-specific transfers from a central government. The existence of intergovernmental transfers induces the free-riding behavior of local governments, thereby bringing considerable deficits to the central government. Raising local and/or national taxes is desirable for fiscal reconstruction, but is unable to attain the Pareto-efficient fiscal reconstruction. Taxes on lobbying activities, combined with uniform transfers, induce earlier concession and can attain the Pareto-efficient outcome in the long run. 相似文献
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9.
财政政策和货币政策必须合理搭配,方可以发挥其政策效应.当前我国的经济运行已经出现重大转折,经济发展的中期上升趋势已经确立,原有行之有效的财政和货币政策组合也因此难以适应实际需要,必须及时进行相应的调整. 相似文献
10.
The combination of limited asset market participation and consumption habits generates indeterminacy for empirically plausible calibrations of a business cycle model characterized by price and nominal wage rigidities. Equilibrium determinacy is restored by demand management policies based on simple fiscal rules. In this regard, fiscal control of nominal income growth is particularly effective. In addition the complementarity between the Taylor rule and the fiscal feedback on nominal income growth produces relatively large welfare gains, limiting both aggregate and intragroup volatilities. 相似文献
11.
地方政府债务是当前我国宏观经济运行中的一个突出问题,也是理论及实践方面所关注的焦点问题。本文首先分析了我国地方政府债务形成的主要原因以及对经济、社会造成的影响;其次,在与美国和日本地方政府债务管理模式比较的基础上,就目前我国地方政府债务管理中存在的问题提出了相关建议。 相似文献
12.
积极财政政策的回顾与启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对 1998年以来实行积极财政政策的过程进行简要回顾 ,初步总结了四年来积极财政政策的内容和特点 ,进而提出对宏观调控的三点启示 :对财政政策的运用应当从整个经济运行的角度进行把握 ;发挥财政政策的效应需要注重其供给调节的功能 ;对财政风险应当联系整个经济的风险加以考虑 相似文献
13.
关于积极财政政策的若干认识 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
贾康 《中央财经大学学报》2003,(4):1-5,9
积极财政政策是反周期扩张性财政政策的中国式表述,代表性事项是政府举借长期建设国债筹资而用于投资、扩大内需,投资的重点体现了政府职能的优化调整和短期目标与中长期目标的结合衔接。我国这一扩张性政策在支持发展的同时,赤字控制在可接受范围内,其在过去五年内对国民经济的贡献应充分肯定,其成效将会发生长久影响。2003年这一政策继续实行,在实现反周期基本目标之后这一政策必然要淡出。 相似文献
14.
2004年国内宏观形势分析与2005年形势及政策走向 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
中国工商银行城市金融研究所课题组 《金融论坛》2005,10(2):3-9
本文通过对2004~2005年国内宏观经济金融形势进行的分析和预测,提出以下主要观点:2004年宏观调控取得明显成效,但宏观经济运行中出现了值得关注的新问题,即固定资产投资反弹的压力很大;电力、煤炭盲目建设现象严重;新增贷款出现中长期化倾向;企业库存和应收账款持续增加蕴含着潜在的信贷风险;货币资金体外循环风险加大。在此基础上,本文认为,2005年经济金融政策的突出变化是财政政策由积极转为稳健,主基调是实行财政、货币“双稳健”政策。宏观调控目标主要有两点,一是防止盲目投资和低水平重复建设的反弹,防止通货膨胀;二是扩大消费需求,加强经济社会发展薄弱环节。 相似文献
15.
论我国后短缺期治理通货紧缩的宏观调控 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国从建国以来到 1 996年一直处于短缺经济和通货膨胀的困扰之中 ,然而到 1 997年却出现了通货紧缩现象。我国在短缺经济时期形成的宏观调控已经不适应后短缺时期 ,为此在 1 998年断然采取了以扩张性财政为主的扩大内需的宏观调控 ,遏制了经济下滑势头。经过分析 ,本文提出了积极推进体制转轨 ;创造条件促进民间投资 ;推动从限制消费向促进消费的战略转变 ;从需求管理转向供给管理 ,促进结构调整 ;金融政策与财政政策协调配合等政策建议 ,以激活经济 相似文献
16.
2011年1季度美国经济金融继续复苏,但势头与去年4季度相比有所减弱,经济面临的问题主要是仍然高企的失业率、疲软的房地产市场以及近期大幅上涨的油价,年内美国经济可能仍将在潜在产出水平下方运行。鉴于当前经济形势以及政府财政面临紧缩开支的压力,联储将会在6月份第二轮量化宽松货币政策终结后继续执行再投资政策。 相似文献
17.
The Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection has enacted an environmental policy that restricts the investment activities of heavily polluting firms by increasing their financial constraints. In this paper, we examine the impact of environmental labeling on firms’ financial constraints. We document that the financial constraints of heavily polluting firms increase more than those of other firms after the issuance of environmental labeling. The debt and equity financing channels of heavily polluting firms are restricted, with smaller bank loans and less equity issuance in the future. The effect is stronger in firms that make a smaller contribution to the local government’s gross domestic product, receive greater media coverage, and are located in heavily polluted provinces. The environmental regulation is effective in increasing the environmentally friendly practices and decreasing the performance growth of heavily polluting firms. Our findings not only contribute to the growing literature on the factors influencing financial constraints, identifying the effects of non-monetary factors on financial constraints, but also provide more evidence for the underlying mechanism of efficient environmental policy. Our results also provide practical suggestions for investors and institutions on evaluating firms and for regulatory authorities on further implementing environmental policy. 相似文献
18.
2009年的世界经济总体呈现前降后升的态势。绿色经济开始成为推动经济增长的新驱动力量,美国新经济模式的萌芽值得关注。增长背后的失业率上升仍是世界各国面临的棘手问题,但无就业增长的内在逻辑和潜在机遇却已逐步显化。我国经济率先进入了复苏轨道,积极财政政策也已取得明显成效。本文以全球金融危机形势发展分析为基础,提出了以供给管理为主体,融选择性支持、自动稳定安排和相机抉择于一体的战略性财政政策组织建议和运行模拟方案,进而形成了以绿色经济为基础的发展思路和政策安排。 相似文献
19.
Sanchit Arora 《Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies》2018,11(3):250-274
Conventionally, the policymakers relied on three policy alternatives to manage business cycles – debt-financed government spending, debt-financed tax rebate and interest rate. While the first two are fiscal policy instruments, the latter is a monetary policy instrument. This paper aims to capture interactions among Indian monetary and fiscal policy actions, and the impact of such policy actions on select macroeconomic variables for the period 1990Q1–2011Q4. The policy actions are identified using the sign restrictions approach combined with magnitude restrictions in a Structural Vector Autoregression framework, and interpreted using impulse responses and variance decomposition. The results show that Indian monetary policy responds to tax rebate shocks and spending shocks differently. In the case of a tax rebate shock, Indian monetary policy responds by reducing interest rates thereby accommodating fiscal expansion. On the opposite, monetary policy seems not to accommodate expenditure shocks. Interestingly, the monetary policy shock is accompanied by a fiscal expansion that threatens the credibility of the central bank actions, thus indicating fiscal policy dominance. A comparison of the efficacy of the policies suggests that the interest rate is more effective in stimulating output. Out of the two fiscal policy instruments analysed, the tax rebate seems to be the better option for stimulating output considering the output-debt trade-off. 相似文献
20.
中国流动性过剩从2005年开始一直持续至今。中国目前存在着长期流动性过剩与短期流动性紧缺的双重压力。长期流动性过剩形成的主要原因是存贷差的不断扩大,短期流动性紧缺是外部因素所致。短期流动性紧缺的影响是巨大的,但同样不能忽视长期流动性过剩的影响。VAR模型中的脉冲响应函数显示,虽然流动性过剩对资产价格影响微弱,但其无疑会增大实际GDP的波动,同时会加剧通货膨胀,并在滞后3期时对通货膨胀产生最大正向影响。当前,应该通过规则性货币政策稳定预期以及前瞻性货币政策减少长期流动性过剩的负面影响;同时加大财政政策力度,以走出"流动性陷阱"。 相似文献