How to examine construct validity of item banks

In this study data is brought to support an approach for assuring the content validity of item banks and for examining their construct validity. The method is an application of Guttman's concept of using mapping sentences for theory construction in the domain of “simple fraction’. The construct validity of the theory used for the creation of the item bank was tested by selecting two samples of items which are referenced in the same structuple (criterion). The Yule weak monotonicity coefficients of the items' connections were calculated and represented in two different matrices and in two different space diagrams. The results show clearly a similarity in both the structure of the space diagrams of any two parallel samples and in the partition of the points into regions, i.e., regions according to the classification of the items represented by them on the basis of the facets defined by the mapping sentences. Consequently, it may be concluded that the results support the construct validity of the theory on the basis of which the bank has been created.     

Abandoning internal and external validity: A response to Swanborn

This is a reply to Peter Swanborn's comments on my paper A note on Campbell's distinction between internal and external validity. I argue that Swanborn misconstrues my argument, interpreting it as recommending the abandonment of the concept of external validity, whereas it actually proposed abolition of thedistinction between internal and external validity. I also explain that my argument did not involve a denial of the importance of the various issues included under these headings by Campbell, merely a proposed reconceptualisation of them.     

如何评价影响企业物流绩效的外部要素

通过建立影响企业物流绩效的外部要素框架进行分析，提出了影响企业物流绩效的外部要素评价的平衡原则、战略原则与目标原则，并进一步讨论了把握评价管理原则、建立科学评价体系和采取合理评价方法的基本策略。     

How to develop a customer satisfaction scale with optimal construct validity

In this article, we investigate how to construct a customer satisfaction (CS) scale which yields optimally valid measurements of the construct of interest. For this purpose we compare three alternative methodologies for scale development and construct validation. Furthermore, we discuss a satisfaction measurement application which is consistent with Messick’s (in: Linn (ed.) Educational measurement, 1989) construct validity theory. Following the deductive design for test development and construct validation, a multi-item measure for CS with a retail bank was developed. The measure was applied in survey research ( \(N\)  = 1,689) within a Dutch retail bank. The items constituted a unidimensional scale, allowing the computation of scale scores. The tests of 11 hypotheses about scale-score characteristics demonstrated that the scale score represented the construct of CS well. Furthermore, the one-factor theory (e.g. Yi, in: Zeithaml (ed.) Review of marketing, 1990) of satisfaction/dissatisfaction was confirmed. An implication of this result is that satisfaction/dissatisfaction can be measured on one scale instead of two scales, one for satisfaction and one for dissatisfaction. The results demonstrate that the deductive design is an appropriate methodology for measure development and construct validation in applied psychological research. The article concludes that the multi-item measure is well-suited for CS measurement in retail banking and that customized satisfaction scales have advantages but also disadvantages compared to standardized scales.     

A note on campbell's distinction between internal and external validity

The concepts of internal and external validity, developed by Norman Campbell, are widely used to structure methodological thinking about social research. This article points to ambiguities in the interpretation of those terms, both as regards the relationships they refer to as well as the sort of object that is held to be capable of internal and external validity. In addition, it is suggested that the distinction between these types of validity is fundamentally misleading because it reflects a failure to distinguish relations between events and relations between variables. It also rests on the false assumption that we can separate the discovery of causal relationships from the question of whether these apply to other cases than the ones studied. In the final section, an alternative conceptualisation of validity is sketched, one that avoids the problems identified.     

怎样把IT企业做强大

许多搞IT企业的人,都有做大做强的想法.但拼捕下来,总是难以摆脱在生死线上挣扎的困境.而有人也是白手起家,经过奋斗却做大了企业.人们常把企业成功归到偶然因数上.实际上,企业做强做大有其内在的共性.     

如何选择有效的培训方法

21世纪,是知识经济的时代,是学习决定命运的时代。在这样的时代,学习培训成为个人和组织的共同需要。加强对员工的培训,可以帮助企业形成核心能力,获取竞争优势。为适应当前市场竞争对企业提出的新要求、新挑战,企业的培训内容也更加丰富、多样化。当前企业培训的内容既     

采购组织结构设计研究

首先,提出了影响采购组织结构设计的基本要素,然后,从多分支机构、单体组织以及采购职能等不同层面提出采购组织结构设计的思路及方法,最后探讨了采购组织结构设计中更为复杂的采购职位群方法。这些探讨,对于企业采购实践,有一定指导意义。     

A report on an Australian experiment at attempting to increase innovation and entrepreneurship within the community: Results of efforts over four years

The article reports on an initiative by the Australian government to increase the level of innovation and entrepreneurship in the country. The initiative took the form of three workshops which eventually had all sectors of the community actively involved. The methodology and results are discussed as well as some of the reasons why not all the aims were met.     

配送优化调度系统的设计与实现

配送优化调度系统属于电子商务应用领域的智能物流管理系统,综合运用优化配送调度、可视库存管理、BarCode等技术并结合Internet服务,设计由货物自动识别和采集系统、库存可视化模块、车辆查询模块、优化路线调整分配模块和货物实时信息查询与发布模块组成的配送优化调度系统,为配送企业提供资源的优化调度和配送过程监控服务。     

我们是如何建立一体化管理体系的

新疆新能源股份有限公司是一家从事新能源研究、开发及利用的中小型高科技企业。公司非常重视经营管理,在成立之初就积极贯彻实施ＩＳＯ９０００、ＩＳＯ１４０００标准。考虑到这两个标准从管理思想到体系的建立、运行具有极大的相似性,为提高管理的效益和效率,决定建立全过程的、全范围的、全员的一体化管理模式。公司于２００１年３月开始实施ＩＳＯ９０００、ＩＳＯ１４０００一体化认证工作,经过半年的努力,９月初顺利地通过了英国西科森（ＣＣＡＳ）认证公司的一体化现场审核。在实施认证的过程中,新能源公司根据中小企业的经营…     

How to be an inclusive leader for gender-diverse teams

Gender inequity is globally present in the labor force and advocating for gender equality is not merely a fairness issue, but a benefit for organizations. In this paper, we identify common challenges for gender-diverse teams (i.e., turnover, discrimination, communication issues, conflict between team members, and low team cohesion). We also discuss the importance of inclusive leadership to overcome these challenges. Correspondingly, we provide practical actions for inclusive leaders to implement on their teams to address issues regarding diversity, and subsequently leverage its benefits.     

李晶：如何让员工与公司同呼吸、共命运

随着经济的飞速发展,越来越多的机会摆在国人面前,尤其是那些有经验、有能力的人才,更是要面临形形色色的外界诱惑。因此,人员流动率的增大成了一个不争的事实,也成了各个企业HR最为头痛的事情。面对日益严重的人才流失的恐慌,HR应如何面对？以下是华晨宝马汽车有限公司人力资源高级副总裁李晶女士对此的作答     

Agglomeration within an urban area

This paper utilizes a newly created index for colocalization to estimate the determinants of industrial agglomeration within a single urban area. Our new index directly incorporates the location of individual establishments while controlling for the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) in order to create this measure of spatial similarity between two industries. We estimate that proximity to transportation infrastructure and consumers as well as knowledge spillovers largely explain patterns of agglomeration. We find a smaller role for input–output linkages and consumption externalities for retail and consumer service industries.     

如何提升企业家的人格魅力

国内外大量的实践证明,全球化市场的主体是企业,而企业的舵手是企业家,每个成功的企业都拥有一个以企业家为核心的高素质的经营管理者群体来支撑.其中,企业家的人格魅力是企业家素质修养的重要组成部分.