Self-organizing marketplaces

Dynamics of retail firms in marketplaces are analyzed, assuming that firms compete under monopolistic competition within a marketplace as well as between marketplaces and consumers are uniformly distributed over space. The number, size, and location of marketplaces or edge cities are analytically obtained. Furthermore, extending the model to a two-dimensional space, Christaller–Lösch system of hexagonal market areas is analytically derived.     

Self-organizing marketplaces

Dynamics of retail firms in marketplaces are analyzed, assuming that firms compete under monopolistic competition within a marketplace as well as between marketplaces and consumers are uniformly distributed over space. The number, size, and location of marketplaces or edge cities are analytically obtained. Furthermore, extending the model to a two-dimensional space, Christaller–Lösch system of hexagonal market areas is analytically derived.     

Buyers' and sellers' cartels on markets with indivisible goods

This paper analyzes the formation of cartels of buyers and sellers in a simple model of trade inspired by Rubinstein and Wolinsky's (1990) bargaining model. When cartels are formed only on one side of the market, there is at most one stable cartel size. When cartels are formed sequentially on the two sides of the market, there is also at most one stable cartel configuration. Under bilateral collusion, buyers and sellers form cartels of equal sizes, and the cartels formed are smaller than under unilateral collusion. Both the buyers' and sellers' cartels choose to exclude only one trader from the market. This result suggests that there are limits to bilateral collusion, and that the threat of collusion on one side of the market does not lead to increased collusion on the other side.     

Business-to-business collaboration through electronic marketplaces: An exploratory study

Many business-to-business electronic marketplaces (EMs) are now offering collaboration functionalities, but the collaboration concept in an EM context has not been studied systematically. This paper is a preliminary effort to explore and categorise the different types of collaboration functionalities that may be offered by EMs. By surveying websites, we identified five types of horizontal collaboration (buying groups) and four kinds of vertical supply chain collaboration in EMs. Our findings suggest that supply chain collaboration tends to be supported more than buying groups by existing EMs, and a high percentage of EMs now offers supply chain coordination and integration. Among online buying groups, the exchange-catalogue model is the most popular, possibly since it puts fewer burdens on members and coordinators.     

印度基础设施及公共服务领域的公私合作

通过分析印度近年来在基础设施或公共服务领域取得的发展,为包括我国在内的众多发展中国家提供了有益的经验和借鉴.     

关于构建校企合作长效机制的思考

校企合作是职业教育面向生产、服务一线的有效路径.结合职业院校推行校企合作模式的问题与挑战,分析引发问题与挑战的症结与根源,提出系统深化校企合作模式的长效机制建设路径,以期对职业教育领域校企合作的实践提供借鉴与参考.     

On generalized progressive hybrid censoring in presence of competing risks

The progressive Type-II hybrid censoring scheme introduced by Kundu and Joarder (Comput Stat Data Anal 50:2509–2528, 2006), has received some attention in the last few years. One major drawback of this censoring scheme is that very few observations (even no observation at all) may be observed at the end of the experiment. To overcome this problem, Cho et al. (Stat Methodol 23:18–34, 2015) recently introduced generalized progressive censoring which ensures to get a pre specified number of failures. In this paper we analyze generalized progressive censored data in presence of competing risks. For brevity we have considered only two competing causes of failures, and it is assumed that the lifetime of the competing causes follow one parameter exponential distributions with different scale parameters. We obtain the maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters and also provide their exact distributions. Based on the exact distributions of the maximum likelihood estimators exact confidence intervals can be obtained. Asymptotic and bootstrap confidence intervals are also provided for comparison purposes. We further consider the Bayesian analysis of the unknown parameters under a very flexible beta–gamma prior. We provide the Bayes estimates and the associated credible intervals of the unknown parameters based on the above priors. We present extensive simulation results to see the effectiveness of the proposed method and finally one real data set is analyzed for illustrative purpose.     

区域旅游协作态势下的承德市旅游空间重构

区域旅游空间结构涉及的内容复杂,从剖析旅游地之间的关系入手,指出区域旅游要实现"共赢"的发展局面,必须走区域旅游竞合发展之路.承德市地处环渤海区域,随着"首都都市旅游度假圈"的形成以及环渤海地区旅游协作的进一步发展,在休闲度假旅游市场需求的驱动下,承德市区域旅游系统的空间结构必将发生变化.从区域竞合态势、市场需求特征、区位特征、交通条件的角度,分析了"首都都市旅游度假圈"对承德旅游空间结构的影响,重新构建了承德市旅游系统的空间结构模式.     

中日两国节能环保合作与知识产权保护

文章介绍了日本节能环保的特点,分析了中国和日本在节能环保方面的合作基础和前景,认为两国加强这方面的合作能够实现双赢。     

Leadership and cooperation in growing teams

We study how the growth of teams affects leadership effectiveness and intragroup cooperation. We put experimental participants in two teams. In each team, the members voluntarily contribute to a club good. In one of the two teams, the members observe the contribution of a randomly chosen leader before they decide themselves. Two treatments allow for migration between the teams. In one of them, participants control access to their team with a voting process. By design, participants can achieve the efficient outcome only if they all move into one team. We compare the results with a leaderless setting as well as with four treatments which vary team size exogenously. The results show that high contributions of leaders encourage higher per-capita contributions of their followers which foster migration into their teams. In turn, larger teams experience even more courageous leadership and higher contributions, but the coordination effect diminishes. Nevertheless, the dismissal of potential newcomers in the treatment with voting suggests that team members see a trade-off between team size and contributions. They sacrifice economic benefits from potential entrants to maintain intrateam cooperation.     

Patterns of labor-management cooperation

This article analyzes six long-term labor-management cooperative relationships, based on lengthy field research, extensive, in-depth interviews with key labor and management officials, and the author's review and evaluation of labor agreements and other documents related to the individual relationships. Key internal and/or external events that helped energize the cooperative relationships are examined and important principles found to be necessary to maintain the relationships are identified and illustrated. Based on this research, conclusions are presented that suggest patterns that practitioners might implement to develop a more mutually beneficial and productive relationship.     

Technological development and cooperation in Greater China

The three Chinese economies of Hong Kong, China and Taiwan (‘Greater China’) will continue to undergo dramatic change in productivity and technology in the coming decades. While they previously depended upon technology transfer and imitation, they now pursue strategies based on technological cooperation in selected areas and on indigenous technological development. This paper describes the potential for the three economies, with their complementary capabilities, to develop mutually beneficial technological cooperation, and highlights initial cases of cooperative efforts. Finally, the paper points out the extent to which the economies of Greater China have begun significant initiatives to develop technology indigenously.     

An exploratory analysis of the effect of the “buy it now” option on sellers' revenues in silent auctions

• This paper tests three competing hypotheses regarding the effect of a “buy it now” option in silent auctions: that the option has a positive, negative, or neutral effect on the seller's revenues. These hypotheses were tested on 4 years of data from a university art museum's silent auctions. The results indicate that the “buy it now” option has a significant negative effect on the seller's revenues. Possible explanation, implications, and limitations are discussed.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exploring the enablers and inhibitors of electric vehicle adoption intention from sellers' perspective in India: A view of the dual‐factor model

The electric vehicle (EV) is a crucial innovation with the potential to lower greenhouse gas emissions and help reduce the causes of climate change. Despite their multiple benefits, EVs are selling lower numbers than would be expected, seeming to require more positive intent from their sellers to increase the pace of EV adoption. Hence, this study explores the enablers and inhibitors of EV adoption intention from the sellers' perspective using a dual‐factor model. The extended theory of planned behavior has been used to explore the enablers, whereas the status quo bias theory has been used to explore the inhibitors of EV adoption. The results indicate that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, environmental concern, and perceived corporate social responsibility obligation have significant positive impacts on intention to adopt EVs. However, regret avoidance, inertia, perceived threat, and perceived value have significant impacts on the resistance to adopt EVs. This study enriches the literature related to intention and resistance to adopt green technology and also provides several suggestions to marketers for increasing the pace of EV adoption.     

发展中外合作办学提高本科办学质量

随着我国正式成为WTO成员国和经济全球化进程的加快,对人才需求的结构和层次也随之变化,这对高等教育特别是本科教育来说既是一个严峻的挑战,又是一次良好的发展机遇.中外合作办学对社会发展具有重要的战略意义,对新形势下的本科教育更具有重要的现实意义.本科教育要充分利用这次发展机遇,采取切实有效措施,发展中外合作办学,提高办学质量.     

External cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation in industrial clusters

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between external cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). This relationship is explored in cluster environment, wherein entrepreneurial organizations compete and cooperate simultaneously to pursue opportunities. The following hypothesis is tested: External cooperation is positively correlated with entrepreneurial orientation. The hypothesis is tested with a correlation analysis on a sample of 77 small-sized enterprises operating in the Malopolska region in Poland, wherein several clusters are active. Additionally, the regression analysis is conducted to examine the associations between inter-organizational cooperation and EO dimensions. The findings confirm that external cooperation is positively correlated with EO. This observation is confronted with a pro-competitive approach that is a constitutional element of the entrepreneurship concept. Moreover, the findings show that the correlation between external cooperation and a firm’s performance is stronger than between some other EO dimensions and performance. Additionally, the findings show the important role of relationships between organizations and their clients. In the paper, several remarks for development of the theory are discussed, including the need for incorporating inter-organizational cooperation into a set of entrepreneurial traits and reflecting it in entrepreneurial orientation scales. The findings confirm the importance of that direction of theory development that focuses on inter-organizational collaboration in the context of entrepreneurship.     

Buying cooperation in an asymmetric environmental differential game

We consider a two-player asymmetric differential game of pollution control. One player is non-vulnerable to pollution, or unwilling to consider damages when choosing her production policy in a non-cooperative game. We characterize the feedback-Nash equilibrium and the cooperative solution. We establish conditions under which the vulnerable player can buy the cooperation of the non-vulnerable player to control her emissions. We further use the Nash bargaining solution to allocate the total cooperative dividend between the two players and propose a time-consistent decomposition overtime of the total payoff.     

Social environmental impacts on survey cooperation

Quality & Quantity - Social environmental influences on survey cooperation are explored using data from six national household surveys in the United States matched to 1990 decennial census...     

Dynamic patterns in similarity-based cooperation: an agent-based investigation

Understanding what motivates and fosters collective actions has major implications in the governance and management of organizations, in the regulation and design of public policies, and has long attracted the interests of scholars and practitioners in business and economics. This paper deals with how groups of agents emerge in a dynamic contest characterized by lack of formal structure and uncertainty regarding the possible individual outcomes, focusing on the features of the cooperators and on the dynamics emerging among them. Through the development of a stylized agent-based model we start by showing how similarity in values can be a successful driver for cooperation but are also able to highlight the limits of such process, by looking at how and how much agents cooperate with similar others. A second-version of the model, where memory of past interactions has a role, introduces further dynamics and is able to create successful and relatively stable groups.