Accounting for Stylised Facts about Recent Anti‐dumping: Retaliation and Innovation

Recent work has found certain stylised facts about anti‐dumping (AD) actions. (i) AD actions are mostly between industrial and developing countries; (ii) developing countries use AD to retaliate against industrial countries; and (iii) AD is concentrated in R&D‐intensive industries. This study develops an analytical framework that can account for these empirical findings. The model suggests that market expansions and/or improvement in R&D capability in the South are essential in avoiding AD wars with the North. Interestingly, stricter enforcement of intellectual property rights in the South has little effect on stopping AD wars between the North and the South.     

家庭消费行为的典型特征与跨期选择的优化分析

本文考察总结了居民家庭消费决策的各种典型特征,并构造出了综合这些典型特征的效用函数,使用最优线性调节器的随机动态规划方法导出了家庭跨期优化决策的消费函数,并用中国城镇居民家庭的住户调查数据进行了计量模型验证。理论和实证分析的结果表明,居民家庭的消费支出取决于过去消费的习惯、家庭的收入和家庭财产的多寡,居民家庭消费支出具有相对的稳定性,其变化是一个缓慢持久的过程。     

谈谈国际技术转让合同的一般性条款的问题(上)

上海市人民政府近期提出“走出去”战略，以适应不断变化的国际经济贸易新的形势，从而使我们的企业能在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。应当说，这样的战略是符合了当今全球经济一体化的大背景，也是现代企业制度中所培养出来的企业家应有的眼光。而国际技术转让是其中的一种形式。作为准备想引进或是输出技术的企业来说，了解这方面的“游戏规则”，是有利而无害的。     

试论中外商标的特点

商标是商品的名称，它常取自于人名、地名、公司名称或普通名词组合。外国商标通常运用构词法，如剪辑词、混合词或首字母词构成。优秀的商标具有词汇简明、语言响亮、寓意深刻、联想丰富等特点，其目的是反映商品的属性和优点，以吸引消费的欲购心理。鉴于商标的特点，在选用商标或翻译商标时，我们要全面考虑，努力使其符合商标的特点。     

French Connections: The International Propagation of Trademarks in the Nineteenth Century

The history of modern brands depends to a significant degreeon the history of trademark law, but there are reasons to doubthow comprehensive standard versions of the latter history are.Business, economic, and even legal historians tend to accentuatethe importance of the Anglo-Saxon common-law tradition and assumethat the continental, civil law tradition followed in its wake.Yet the historical sequence of events suggests that almost exactlythe opposite is true. Not only did the French have robust trademarklaw long before Great Britain and the United States, but thelatter two countries only adopted trademark law after signingtrademark clauses in diplomatic treaties with France. Drawingon newspaper accounts, public debates, specialist and generalnewspapers, as well as court cases and diplomatic negotiations,this paper argues that, to a certain degree, Anglo-Saxon trademarklaw was international before it was national. The evidence suggeststhat some of the easy verities on which arguments about modernbrands, the "second industrial revolution," and institutionaleconomics are based may be more complex than is generally assumed.     

Patents,Copyrights, and Trademarks in the Early Twenty-First Century: The New Relevance of Some Old Concepts of Intellectual Property Rights

SUMMARY

After laying an historical foundation of the concept of “promonopoly” legislation in the face of a U. S. public policy devoted, since 1890, to a generally antimonopoly position, this paper examines the relevance of recent changes in the three types of domestic promonopoly law: patent law, copyright law, and trademark law. During the last thirty years of the twentieth century, and especially during the last decade of that period, all three aspects of American promonopoly legislation were strengthened. The term of copyright was extended from a maximum of fifty-six years to the lifetime of the last-living author of a work plus seventy years and coverage was broadened to extend to recordings-by a number of means-of performances; patents were lengthened in duration from seventeen years to twenty; and the law of trademarks was modified to include protection for trademark holders against “dilution,” or loss of value of trademarks due to the acts of noncompetitors. The implications and rationales of these changes are examined in the context of their effect on business life at the beginning of the third millennium. While it is too soon since the majority of these changes in law went into effect to draw definitive conclusions concerning their ultimate consequences, it does appear that, in general, their thrust is to increase the value of intellectual property to its proprietors.     

Non-registered Trademarks Should Not Be Protected: Protection of Non-registered Trademarks as Viewed in the Little Fat Sheep Case

Many reports are positive comments on the case,arguing that the protection of the nonregistered famous service mark, the Little Fat Sheep,should be under the same protection for a registered well-known trademark and holding that the Little Fat Sheep Corporation is entitled to the exclusive right to use the LITTLE FAT SHEEP trademark.     

Non-registered Trademarks Should Not Be Protected: Protection of Non-registered Trademarks as Viewed in the Little Fat Sheep Case

Many reports are positive comments on the case,arguing that the protection of the nonregistered famous service mark, the Little Fat Sheep,should be under the same protection for a registered well-known trademark and holding that the Little Fat Sheep Corporation is entitled to the exclusive right to use the LITTLE FAT SHEEP trademark.……     

Protection of Trademarks in China

A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademark protection is one of the most important parts in protecting intellectual property, playing a positive role in maintenance of fair market and promoting the development of the socialist market economy. China resumed the system of trademark in 1987. With reforming and opening up, the Chinese trademark is developing rapidly. Now, the amount of Chinese trademarks＇ registration is one of the most in the world.     

Refractory Materials: The Global Market,The Global Industry

World demand for refractory products—heat-resisting ceramic materials used in metal refining, glass making, and other high-temperature industrial applications—will be slowing down considerably from an annual rate of 10.8 percent during 2002–07 to 3.5 percent during 2007–12. Such slower growth reflects many factors, but is due primarily to: unsettled economic conditions; better efficiencies in steelmaking (which accounts for about half of all end uses of refractories); and the preference of end-users for maintenance rather than new facilities. The four key markets or end uses for refractory materials are: iron and steelmaking; other metal-making; nonmetallic materials such as glass; and an all-other category. In 2007, world refractory demand was 38.1 million metric tons valued at $22.9 billion; the corresponding figures for 2012 are projected at about 45.2 million metric tons valued at $28.5 billion. The Asia-Pacific region accounted for about 45 percent of total weight in 2007; its share by 2012 should rise to about 69 percent, with China becoming the dominant producer and consumer of refractory materials.     

Some Surprising Facts About the Concentration of Trade Across Commodities and Trading Partners

The present paper documents unexplained concentration in trade. Bernard et al. (Producer Dynamics: New Evidence from Micro Data, 2009, University of Chicago Press) have documented concentration at the level of the firm and in exports. Taking a step forward, we document trade volume concentration at the level of nations and in both exports and imports. Firm level concentration has been relatively easy to explain in terms of models of heterogeneous‐firm models with entry costs in both the domestic and foreign markets. But as we shall see, the concentration at the level of the nation, especially in imports if not exports, turns out to be far more difficult to explain.     

Legal Protection of Geographical Name Trademarks:a case Study

The brief of the case goes as follows. In 1989, a peasant couple named Bai (the couple for short) of the Maoshan township of Jurong City set up a "Meiwei Restaurant" in the Maoshan scenery area. The couple made a typical local dish, preserved goose,for their customers in the restaurant or for them to take out.     

专业服务业外国直接投资的全球发展格局研究及启示

专业服务业是新兴服务业中最具代表性的行业,也是目前国际市场上最活跃的分子之一。其发展的时间虽然不长,然而发展速度与程度都非常值得关注和研究。本文在分析相关数据资料的基础上,探讨专业服务业外国直接投资全球发展格局的主要特点,并针对专业服务业的发展特点与关键因素,提出对我国企业发展的启示。     

东亚金融危机:典型事实与成因逻辑

东亚金融危机是多重因素共同作用的结果,既有根植于东亚各国发展模式的内生因素,又有来源于全球宏观经济发展环境的外生因素。外债负担过重、银行风险集聚、金融自由化无序、金融和政治腐败等是东亚金融危机的主要原因。具体说来,一是东亚各国高投资的"同质性"增长模式导致债务规模和不合理的债务结构,特别是大量基于投机和套利的短期资本涌入,使其暴露于巨大的风险当中。二是在"盲目"的投资冲动下,东亚各国的银行资产负债表不断恶化,风险迅速向银行体系集聚,连锁式的信用恐慌加剧了危机的深度和广度。三是东亚各国资本项目过早开放、利率管制过于放松以及金融监管长期滞后,表明金融自由化与本国经济金融的发展程度严重不匹配,无法有效防范和控制危机。四是金融和政治严重腐败,而制度发展水平、政府纪律及管理能力又比较低。     

非商标标识作为域名的法律规制

域名使用中产生的争议,已经从单纯的域名与商标的争议扩展到域名与国际政府间组织的名称及其缩写、个人姓名、地理标志、企业名称和国际上未申请专利的药品名称等非商标标识方面的争议,为此,WIPO于2001年9月发布了“第二报告”,对如何处理滥用这些标识作为域名所引发的争议提出了建议.我国的域名立法很少涉及这方面的问题。应通过《民法通则》、《反不正当竞争法》等的运用和域名立法的完善使之得到解决。     

The Multinational Corporation and Global Governance: Modelling Global Public Policy Networks

Globalization has increased the economic power of the multinational corporation (MNC), engendering calls for greater corporate social responsibility (CSR) from these companies. However, the current mechanisms of global governance are inadequate to codify and enforce recognized CSR standards. One method by which companies can impact positively on global governance is through the mechanism of Global Public Policy Networks (GPPN). These networks build on the individual strength of MNCs, domestic governments, and non-governmental organizations to create expected standards of behaviour in such areas as labour rights, environmental standards, and working conditions. This article models GPPN in the issue area of CSR. The potential benefits of GPPN include better overall coordination among industry and government in establishing what social expectations the modern MNC will be expected to fill. David Detomasi is an assistant professor of international business at the School of Business, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada. His research areas include corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and business and society.     

资产证券化起源——金融创新史的关键和要点

介绍了最早的证券市场以及债券、股票、金融衍生品等金融创新工具的产生。通过翔实的历史实例,生动地描述了这些金融工具的起源,并回归历史,探寻本源,从历史的全景视角出发,全面细致地回顾历史上的金融创新,归纳改变世界的金融工具,总结金融创新的历史脉络。     

企业物流合理化的几个要素

影响企业物流合理化的因素很多且错综复杂,主要因素有物流空间定位,物流标准化,物流信息和物流组织管理。     

TRIPS协定下的非传统商标注册义务

TRIPS协定第15条第一次在国际层面上采取宽泛的方式对商标进行了定义——任何标记或标记的组合,只要能够将一企业的商品和服务区别于其他企业的商品或服务,即能够构成商标。该定义没有限制可以构成商标的标记的类型,仅仅关注标记是否具有显著性。虽然TRIPS协定采取的宽泛定义以及非穷尽性的列举方式为非传统商标的保护提供了广阔的法律空间,实践中仍然存在很多理论问题需要明晰:TRIPS协定保护的非传统商标类型、各国注册保护非传统商标义务的性质、TRIPS协定下非传统商标注册义务的例外情况、我国非传统商标保护义务现状和改革需要。