经济周期与上海股市

<正> 一、西方国家的经济周期与股市的相互关系 在西方国家,通常用一系列的经济行情指标来反映目前经济的运行情况,经济行情指标有多类,根据其与经济周期是否同步,可分为同步指标、先行指标和后行指标三大类,其中的先行指标由于能事先预测经济周期的变动,格外受到重视,它包括新订单、承包契约、原料价格、库存变动和股价指数等。 股价指数作为先行指标中的一员,对经济周期的敏感性尤其强烈。例如,美国根据它的股价指数之一标准普尔指数的涨跌与经济周期进行映证,统计结果表明,这个指数自1948年以来,一般在每个经济周期的峰顶之前发生下降,而在每个周期的谷底之前出现回升,预测平均比实际的经济周期走势提前半年左右。     

区域经济周期波动与全国经济协同性研究

通过筛选反映各省(市、区)宏观经济周期波动的多维度指标,采用美国商务部合成指数方法,可构建我国31个省(市、区)及东、中、西部和东北部地区的宏观一致景气指数。该指数能够从区域结构的角度全面反映区域经济周期波动的状态和特征。在此基础上,可进一步探究各区域经济周期与全国经济运行的协同性,结果发现,东部地区经济先行,中、西部地区同步,东北部地区滞后,部分省(市、区)具有较好的先行性,可作为观察中国经济未来走势的重点区域。     

我国经济周期考察

我国经济周期考察付珍珍经济周期是国民经济增长过程中循环出现的上下波动现象，经济周期的性质根据其增长水平的性质确定。经济增长水平呈绝对下降的经济循环波动属于古典周期，经济增长水平呈相对下降的经济循环波动属于增长周期。一个标准的古典经济周期包括收缩和扩张...     

中国利率期限结构对经济周期波动的预测能力检验——基于动态Probit模型的研究途径

本文对我国利率期限结构对经济周期波动的预测能力进行实证研究.首先,利用时差相关分析方法选择我国经济周期波动的利差先行指标.然后,利用基于利差先行指标的动态Probit模型检验我国利率期限结构对经济周期波动状态的预测能力,并且对静态Probit模型和动态Probit模型、各种动态Probit模型之间的预测效果也进行了比较.研究结果表明,我国利率期限结构变动对未来3个月的经济周期波动状态具有比较稳定的指示作用,利用经济状态先验信息的动态Probit模型的预测效果优于静态Probit模型.     

本轮周期的波长、波幅特征与通货膨胀的发展趋势

与前两次经济周期相比,中国本轮经济周期在波长方面具有扩张期延长而收缩期缩短的特征,在波幅方面则具有收窄的特点.本轮经济周期的波长和波幅特征将直接影响到当前和今后两年物价水平的走势.尽管中国近两年将面临经济增长率下降和高通货膨胀率的威胁,但不会改变中国经济继续高增长的长期增长趋势.     

我国经济走势预测

从经济发展的中长期趋势分析,2005年我国经济继续处于新一轮增长周期的上升期,消费结构升级和城镇化推进为经济持续发展提供了强劲动力。世界经济继续增长,全球产业结构调整带动制造业进一步向发展中国家转移,为我国继续利用两个市场、两种资源,加快发展创造了较好条件。总体上看,我国经济将保持较快增长的态势。从经济景气短期波动趋势分析,预示经济景气未来走势的先行合成指数自2004年5月末开始回落,到12月末已回落5.2个点,     

走势

北京市宏观经济监测预警系统的运行结果显示：2010年,反映未来经济走势的先行合成指数在高位波动近一年。     

我国本轮经济周期波动在谷底的性质分析

从1991年进入回升期的我国本轮经济周期现在已经越过1993年的峰顶,开始缓慢地向本轮波动的谷底回落,我国改革开放以来的第4次经济周期,伴随着我国国民经济第九个五年计划的开始实施,预计将在今年达到谷底。1.在本轮经济周期的谷底,宏观经济总量基本平衡,经济增长速度平稳回落,经济仍然蕴含着强劲发展势头,各项主要宏观经济指标仍将处在高位上,形成我国经济周期波动的首次高位谷底。我们利用多种经济计量模型对1996年的宏观经济指标进行了预测,1996年的预测结果为:国民生产总值增长8.7%;全社会固定资产投资规模为23200亿元,比上年增长20%左右;全社会消费品零售总额为24200亿元,比上年增长19%左右;工业产值增     

我国经济周期波动态势的区域划分与动态特征检验

本文利用贝叶斯估计结合门限自回归模型,对我国经济周期波动态势进行了分析和判断,检验中发现我国经济周期波动动态机制变迁的门限增长率为9.36%.当经济增长率高于这个门限值后,经济周期波动具有自稳定的均值回归特征;当经济增长率低于这个门限值后,经济周期波动具有向更高稳态的迁移特征,这意味着我国现阶段的经济增长过程具有内生的稳定性,这也是近年来我国经济波动率趋于稳定的重要原因.从经济周期波动的动态轨迹判断,我国经济仍然具备保持快速稳定增长的基础,因此需要利用有效宏观调控来保证快速稳定增长的实现.     

从PMI走势看制造业运行风险

正制造业采购经理人指数(PMI)是各国流行的用以预测制造业走势的先行评价指标,被称作工业乃至整体经济变化的"晴雨表"。综合分析我国PMI指数及分项指数变动趋势,有利于更好地把握我国当前制造业运行态势及预判下一步走势,有针对性地制定和完善提高制造业国际竞争力、促进实体经济发展的政策措施。一、PMI走势显示制造业仍处在调整恢复期2008年国际金融危机前,我国     

景气形势、物价与宏观调控——利用STR模型对经济形势的分析

本文基于改进后的经济景气分析系统、宏观经济监测预警信号系统和STR等多种经济计量模型,对2010年的经济形势进行了分析和预测。预计2010年经济增长可能达到10%。1999年以来,物价随景气状况的改变呈现出状态转换的非线性变动特征。CPI从2009年4季度开始进入新一轮物价上涨周期,预计2010年CPI上涨3.2%,出现温和通货膨胀,但从2010年4季度开始物价上涨压力有望逐渐减缓。     

Forecast combination for U.S. recessions with real-time data

This paper proposes the use of forecast combination to improve predictive accuracy in forecasting the U.S. business cycle index, as published by the Business Cycle Dating Committee of the NBER. It focuses on one-step ahead out-of-sample monthly forecast utilising the well-established coincident indicators and yield curve models, allowing for dynamics and real-time data revisions. Forecast combinations use log-score and quadratic-score based weights, which change over time. This paper finds that forecast accuracy improves when combining the probability forecasts of both the coincident indicators model and the yield curve model, compared to each model's own forecasting performance.     

Forecasting Success on Large Projects: Developing Reliable Scales to Predict Multiple Perspectives by Multiple Stakeholders Over Multiple Time Frames

Our aim is to develop a set of leading performance indicators to enable managers of large projects to forecast during project execution how various stakeholders will perceive success months or even years into the operation of the output. Large projects have many stakeholders who have different objectives for the project, its output, and the business objectives they will deliver. The output of a large project may have a lifetime that lasts for years, or even decades, and ultimate impacts that go beyond its immediate operation. How different stakeholders perceive success can change with time, and so the project manager needs leading performance indicators that go beyond the traditional triple constraint to forecast how key stakeholders will perceive success months or even years later. In this article, we develop a model for project success that identifies how project stakeholders might perceive success in the months and years following a project. We identify success or failure factors that will facilitate or mitigate against achievement of those success criteria, and a set of potential leading performance indicators that forecast how stakeholders will perceive success during the life of the project's output. We conducted a scale development study with 152 managers of large projects and identified two project success factor scales and seven stakeholder satisfaction scales that can be used by project managers to predict stakeholder satisfaction on projects and so may be used by the managers of large projects for the basis of project control.     

The missing link: using the NBER recession indicator to construct coincident and leading indices of economic activity

We use the information content in the decisions of the NBER Business Cycle Dating Committee to construct coincident and leading indices of economic activity for the United States. We identify the coincident index by assuming that the coincident variables have a common cycle with the unobserved state of the economy, and that the NBER business cycle dates signify the turning points in the unobserved state. This model allows us to estimate our coincident index as a linear combination of the coincident series. We compare the performance of our index with other currently popular coincident indices of economic activity.     

PERMANENT AND TRANSITORY SHOCKS,AND THE UK BUSINESS CYCLE

In this paper the business cycle properties of UK data are investigated using a VAR technique. A Real Business Cycle (RBC) model is formulated. The model includes both permanent and transitory shocks to technology. The business cycle properties of the data and the model are investigated by deriving the expected changes over various forecast horizons from a VAR model. It is found, contrary to evidence in Rotemberg and Woodford (1996), that the model can account for many features of the data and that temporary shocks are pertinent in order to explain the business cycle moments. The main difference between theory and data is present in hours worked. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Reduced Rank Regression Approach to Coincident and Leading Indexes Building*

This paper proposes a reduced rank regression framework for constructing a coincident index (CI) and a leading index (LI). Based on a formal definition that requires that the first differences of the LI are the best linear predictor of the first differences of the CI, it is shown that the notion of polynomial serial correlation common features can be used to build these composite variables. Concepts and methods are illustrated by an empirical investigation of the US business cycle indicators.     

Risk-neutral skewness and market returns: The role of institutional investor sentiment in the futures market

This paper investigates the effect of index risk-neutral skewness on subsequent market returns and explores whether this effect will vary with various types of institutional investor sentiment in the futures market. Using index futures returns as the proxy of market returns, the empirical results show that the index risk-neutral skewness has a significantly negative effect on subsequent index futures returns. Moreover, the effect of institutional investor sentiment on subsequent index futures returns varies with various types of institutional investor sentiment. Finally, the effect of index risk-neutral skewness on subsequent index futures returns relies on various types of institutional investor sentiment.     

基于扩散指数模型的房地产市场景气循环研究——以北京市为例

基于扩散指数模型构建房地产市场景气循环指标体系，采用北京市住宅市场与经济基本面的历史数据，计算不同时期北京市房地产市场的扩散指数，绘制北京市房地产市场的景气循环曲线，并根据景气循环曲线与历史数据对北京市未来房地产市场的景气情况进行预测。最后，提出在上述市场预测情况下的市场调控策略。     

我国灵活动态金融状况指数构建与应用研究

鉴于目前研究缺乏灵活动态性,本文从通胀控制目标出发,引进MI-TVP-SV-VAR模型,选取5个金融变量,估计其每一期的灵活动态权重,构建我国灵活动态金融状况指数,并分析它对通胀率的预测能力。经验分析结果表明利率和房价的权重相对较大,反映出货币政策依然倚重于价格型传导渠道;FCI与通货膨胀有很高的相关性,且领先通胀1~7个月,能够很好地预测通胀。建议政府定期构建我国灵活动态金融状况指数并应用于通货膨胀预测。